分词(五).

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1 分词(五)

2 (3)在主谓之间,由逗号分开,它主要表示条件和原因 (通过“试探”)
This battery(电池), properly(适当地) used, can last(维持) for a long time. Mars(火星), moving more slowly than Earth, must have a period(周期) greater than an Earth-year(地球年). The maximum(最大的) efficiency(效率), neglecting(忽略) the loss(损耗) in R, is only 42%. Air, being elastic(弹性的), may be compressed(压缩) into a small container(容器).

3 Potential(电位) difference(差), sometimes called electromotive force(电动势), is measured in volts(伏特).
注意： A.分词作状语时，它前面可以加上状语从句连接词“if, when, while, though等”。 A locomotive(机车) does work(功) while pulling(拉) a moving train(火车). The weight(重物) W in Fig. 3, if acting(作用) alone(单独), would cause(使) the rod(棒) to rotate(转动) in a clockwise(顺时针的) direction(方向).

4 When calculating(计算) the weight(重量) of a body(物体), we have to(必须) multiply(乘) its specific gravity(比重) by its volume(体积). B.在个别词汇(常见的有busy, spend, trouble, difficulty等)后由于省去了介词“”而使作介词宾语的动名词短语变成了作状语的分词短语。 They are busy designing a new kind of computer. We have spent a lot of time finding(找) the engine(发动机) trouble(故障).

5 Given the initial(初始的) angle(角) of incidence(入射), we should have no trouble(困难) calculating(计算) the angle of refraction(折射) into the water. 2、表语(这时分词已成为形容词了) The sum(和) of these two terms(项) is conserved(守恒) in this motion(运动). This iron(铁) bar(棒) has become magnetized(磁化). The antenna(天线) remains(保持) tuned(调谐) to the frequency(频率) being transmitted(发射).[具有被动的含义]

6 We live immersed(浸沉) in an ocean(海洋) of air. [看成表语性状语]
试区分以下两句： This textbook(教科书) is well written.[表示状态] This textbook was written by a famous(著名的) professor(教授).[表示动作] 4、补足语 Much of electricity(电) is wasted(浪费) in keeping(保持) the current flowing(流动) through the circuit(电路). We must get this computer repaired(修理).