动词的语态.

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1 动词的语态

2 动词的语态 Active Voice 主动语态 Passive Voice 被动语态 is spoken
is spoken 1.English _________ by many people. 2.The dinosaur eggs _______________ in Liaoning. 3. Something ______________ to stop the pollution. Many people speak English. 2.They found the dinosaur eggs in Liaoning. 3.We must do something to stop the pollution. were found must be done

3 判断下列各句属于那种语态： 1. Many people speak English. 2. The bike was mended yesterday. 3. The flowers smell sweet. 4. The trees were watered by us just now. 5. He teaches English in our school. 6. The house was built in 1949. 7. The work must be finished in two days. 8. School begins in September. 一般现在时的主动态 一般过去时的被动态 一般现在时的主动态 一般过去时的被动态 一般现在时的主动态 一般过去时的被动态 情态动词的被动态 一般现在时的主动态

4 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现 一般过 现在进 过去进 一般将 过去将 现在完 过去完
V/V es am/is/are+V pp was/were+ V pp V-ed/不规则 be (am/is/are)+V-ing am/is/are+being+ V pp be(was/were)+V-ing was/were+being+ V pp will/be going to+be+ V pp will/be going to+V would/ be going to+be+ V pp would/ be going to+V have/has+ V pp have/has+been+ V pp had+ V pp had+been+ V pp

5 用所给动词的被动语态填空 are watered 1.Trees ___________(water) by them every day.
2.Maths _________(teach) in our school. 3.His bike __________ (buy) two years ago. 4.The match ________ (win) by our team yesterday. 5.The work _____________ (finish) in a few days. 6.They ________ (tell) to come on time last night. 7.All the windows ______________(close) already. 8.The station ____________ (build) now. is taught was bought was won will be finished were told have been closed is being built

6 用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.We can ______(finish) my homework on time.
2.The work can __________ (finish) in two days. 3.Tom wasn’t able to _____ (have) chicks. 4.Polly must _________ (take) care of by Ling Feng. 5.She may __________(teach) by her mother. 6.The book has to _________（write）in English. finish be finished have be taken be taught be written

7 These books are written for children.
被动语态的用法： （1）不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁，不用by＋动作执行者短语 这些书是为儿童写的。 These books are written for children. 没有人告诉我这件事 I haven’t been told about it .

8 The cup was broken by David yesterday. （3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型
(通常用在时间状语的前面) The cup was broken by David yesterday. （3）作客观说明时，常采用一种被动语态句型 It’s said / believed / reported / + that … 据报道，这次事故中大约有三百人死亡。 It’s reported that about three hundred people were killed in this accident.

9 4. 主动语态变为被动语态的步骤： （1）找宾语 （把原句中的宾语变为主语） （2）判断时态 （动词改为对应时态的被动形式） （3）检查三个一致性 （主谓一致、时态一致、句式一致)

10 A book was given to me by Tom.
被动语态常考查的几种类型 （1）含双宾语的（直接宾语，间接宾语） He gave me a book. I was given a book by him. A book was given to me by Tom. 物做主语人前加to/for

11 He was seen to go into the office building.
I saw him go into the office building. He was seen to go into the office building. 英语中有“十大动词”的说法，即feel , hear , listen to , look , watch , see , notice have , make , let , ，这些词在主动句中，其后的动词不定式不加to，但变被动句时必须加to.

12 The radio was turned off (by me).
（3）含有短语的 They take good care of my child. My child is taken good care of by them. I turned off the radio. The radio was turned off (by me). 不能去掉构成短语动词的介词或副词

13 1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。
6. 不能用于被动语态的情况 1）当主动结构中的宾语是反身代词和相互代词时，不能改为被动语态。 We often help each other. I hurt myself yesterday . 2）当谓语是不及物动词时（如happen , take place ） The accident happened at night .

14 1.The Chinese built the Great Wall 2,000 years ago.
The Great Wall was built by the 2000 years ago. 2. We must plant more trees next year. More trees must be planted next year. 3.Dalian produces big ships. Big ships are produced in Dalian. 4.Farmers harvest rice in autumn . Rice is harvested in autumn. 5.We should clean our classroom every day. Our classroom should be cleaned every day.

15 1.They heard him say good-bye to his teacher after class.
He _________________ good-bye to his teacher after class. 2.They could make him do the work just now. He ___________________ the work just now. 3.His teacher notices him play a computer. He ___________________________ a computer. was heard to say can be made to do is noticed to play

16 1. His mother bought him a bike yesterday.
He __________ a bike by his mother yesterday. A bike __________ him by his mother yesterday. 2. I saw the girl drawing in class. The girl _______________________ in class. 3. He has to lend me a pen. I ___________________ a pen by him. A pen _________________________ me by him. was bought was bought for was seen drawing have to be lent has to be lent to

17 4. They take good care of the children every
Sunday. The children _____________________________. 5. Who made it ? ___ ___ it _____ by ? = By _____ ____ it ____ ? are taken good care of by them Who was made whom was made

18 扩展精练: 1. The computer __ in Japan in 2003 and I have had it for only a week . A. was made B. can be made C. is made D. made 2. Most of the work in our office _____ by the computer last year . A . are done B. is done C. were done D. was done 3. I’m sorry you can’t go in now . The room ____ yet . hasn’t been cleaned B. hasn’t cleaned C. isn’t been cleaned D. isn’t being cleaned 4.The report said that another school _____ set up here the next year . A. has B. would C. has been D. would be 5. Can you tell me what _______ last night ? A. happen B. was happened C. took place D. was taken place

19 6. The students ________ the books to the library on time .
must return B. are returned C. must be returned D. must to return 7. Visitors ______ not to touch the paintings . A. will tell B. tell C . are telling D. are told 8. My clock fell on the floor , it _______stopped . A. has B. has been C. was D. is 9. She was heard _____ in the next room at this time yesterday. A. sing B. to sing C. singing D. sang 10．The hospital ________for 24 hours every day. A. is open B. is opened C. opened D. was opened

20 做选择题技巧： 1、选项出现被动态，优先考虑被动态。 2、注意主语与动词的关系： 主语为执行者，用主动态。 主语为承受者，用被动态。 3、注意观察动词是及物还是不及物。 遇到happen、take place 多多留意。 4、注意看清动词表动作还是说明状态。 遇到sell、open多加小心。