呼吸系统 respiratory system

Presentation on theme: "呼吸系统 respiratory system"— Presentation transcript:

1 呼吸系统 respiratory system
吕寒冰 2011.9

2 功能： gas exchange 组成： 呼吸道 respiratory tract 肺 lung 鼻 nose
咽 pharynx 上呼吸道 喉 larynx 气管 trachea 各级支气管 bronchi 肺 lung 下呼吸道

3 鼻 Nose 1.外鼻 external nose 鼻根、鼻背、鼻尖、鼻翼 鼻唇沟

4 2.鼻腔 nasal cavity 鼻中隔 nasal septum 鼻孔 nostril 鼻后孔 choanae
鼻前庭 nasal vestibule 鼻阈 nasal limen 固有鼻腔 nasal cavity proper

5 back The formation of the nasal septum 2 Bones, 1 Cartilage,
Nasal mucous membrane: olfactory region respiratory region back

6 易出血区 Little region

7 呼吸区respiratory region 和嗅区olfactory region

8 上鼻甲 中鼻甲 下鼻甲 蝶筛隐窝

9 半月裂孔 筛漏斗 筛泡

10 3. 鼻旁窦 Paranasal Sinuses 额窦 frontal sinus 上颌窦 maxillary sinus
蝶窦 sphenoidal sinus 筛窦 ethmoidal sinus

11 4对鼻旁窦 的开口

12 喉 larynx 1.位置：颈部，3-6颈椎前方 2. 喉软骨——喉的支架 甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage
环状软骨 cricoid cartilage 会厌软骨 epiglottic cartilage 杓状软骨 arytenoid cartilage

13 甲状软骨：左右板、前角、喉结、上切迹、上角、下角 环状软骨：环状软骨弓、环状软骨板、杓关节面、甲关节面
——唯一完整的软骨环→支撑呼吸道 会厌软骨：甲状会厌韧带、会厌 杓状软骨：声带突、肌突

14 3.喉的连结 1）甲状舌骨膜thyrohyoid membrane、甲状舌骨正中韧带median thyrohyoid ligament
2）环甲关节 cricothyroid joint 3）环杓关节 cricoarytenoid joint 4）方形膜 quadrangular membrane 5）弹性圆锥 conus elasticus 、声韧带vocal ligament、环甲正中韧带median cricothyroid ligament 6）环状软骨气管韧带cricotracheal ligament

15 1. cricothyroid joint: rotate around the coronary axis 2
1. cricothyroid joint: rotate around the coronary axis 2. cricoarytenoid joints: rotate around the vertical axis 3. conus elasticus: free and thicked upper border formed the vocal ligament 4. quadrangular membrane: free lower border formed vestibular ligament 5. thyrohyoid membrane 5 4 2 1 3

16 4.喉腔 laryngeal cavity 喉口：会厌上缘、杓状会厌襞和杓间切迹2 2flod — 前庭襞vestibular fold
声襞vocal fold 2 fissures— 前庭裂vestibular fissure 声门裂fissure of glottis 3 parts — 喉前庭laryngeal vestibule 喉中间腔intermediate cavity of larynx 声门下腔infraglottic cavity 喉室

17

18

19