To Build Green Healthy Transport —to instill vigor and vitality into One Belt One Road 建设绿色健康型交通运输系统 — 助力一带一路 周伟 Prof. Zhou wei 交通运输部总工程师 Chief Engineer, Ministry of Transport, P. R. China

Road, railway, aviation, waterway, oil pipe & urban mobility 一带一路战略 One Belt One Road “ 一带一路 ” 沿线涉及 65 个国家， 44 亿人口，经济总量约 21 万亿美元，分 别占全球的 63% 和 29% 。 The Belt and Road Initiative covers 4.4 billion people in 65 countries ， taking up 63% of the world population, 29% of the world total economy. 背景 /Background

Policy coordination 政策沟通 Policy coordination 政策沟通 Priorities of The Belt and Road Initiative 交通是 “ 五通 ” 的战略支撑和先导 Transportation is the first Priority Unimpeded trade 贸易畅通 Unimpeded trade 贸易畅通 People-to-people bond 民心相通 Financial integration 资金融通 Financial integration 资金融通 建设绿色健康型交通运输系统，推动一带一路沿 线国家的可持续发展，是我们的共同愿景和需要。 Building Green Healthy Transport is a common aspiration of all countries along their routes. 建设绿色健康型交通运输系统，推动一带一路沿 线国家的可持续发展，是我们的共同愿景和需要。 Building Green Healthy Transport is a common aspiration of all countries along their routes. 背景 /Background

联合国 2030 可持续发展议程 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 联合国 2030 可持续发展议程 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 可持续发展目标 3: 确保健康的生活方 式、促进各年龄段所有人的福祉；建设 包容、安全、有复原力和可持续的城市 和人类住区。 可持续发展目标 11 : 到 2030 年为所有人 建成安全、无障碍、负担得起的可持续 交通系统，改进道路安全，特别是扩大 公共交通，关注弱势群体、妇女、儿童、 残障和老年人的需要。 挑战 /Challenge

十三五规划中提出 “ 健康中国 ” 理念，中国人均预期寿命到 2020 年达到 77 岁（比现在提高 2 岁）。交通造成死亡最多是 岁， 且一个死 亡就隐含有五个人受伤。 Health will be emphasized in the 13 th -five year plan. The life expectancy of Chinese citizens in 2020 should be 77 years (+2 years from 2015). While most of the deaths caused by traffic accidents are between 20 to 35. 挑战 /Challenge

尽管健康、环境期望值高，现有的交通发展模式导致环境和健康成本增加 Health & environment expected Vs. Current negative cost HIGH Air pollution/noise Declined active transport Traffic deaths & injuries Mobility Heath 英国案例：交通健康影响估算 Totaled 58 – 74 billion US$, 2.3% – 2.9% of total GDP in UK 挑战 /Challenge

3,978 34, ,000 3,422,000 8,742,000 $840 million 2.5% of Beijing’s GDP WHO ， 2005 北京空气污染成本测算 Air pollution cost estimation （ Beijing ） Early death 过早死 Hospital & emergency 住院 + 急救 Lost working days 病假 Respiratory disease 呼吸类疾病 Outpatient service 门诊 挑战 /Challenge

在城区空气污染和噪声污染, 对儿童的认知学习能力和智力发展 有怎样的影响？ Quantifying the impacts of air and noise pollution on health, for example to Children’s learning and intelligence. 怎样通过改善应急救援程序来降低城市交通事故对健康的影 响？ How to improve emergency response procedures to reduce impacts of traffic accidents to health? 步行和骑自行车对国民长期的健康起着怎样的作用？ Predicting contributions of walking and cycling to long-term health of the national residents. 选择正确长期有效的城市交通政策 Integrated national and local policy and delivery 挑战 /Challenge

概念 /Concept 建设绿色健康型城市交通运输系统 “Building A Green Healthy Transport System in China” 对城市道路安全、空气污染、噪声和主动交通等与健康有关的问题进行统 筹考虑和综合性研究。 Focusing on the impact of urban transport on health, by taking a balanced and integrated view of the health impact of the interrelated road safety, air pollution, noise and active mobility issues in Chinese cities. 在对不同的政策选择进行成本效益分析的基础上，甄别出改善城市交通、 有利于居民健康并降低相关成本的行动方案。 Identify specific policies and actions contributing to improving urban mobility and reduce health impacts and associated costs based on the cost effectiveness analysis.

国际经验 International experiences 伦敦市出台《提升伦敦市民健康的交通行动计划》，强调各级政府机构 在法律效力上对自己辖区内居民健康负有责任。 London “Improving the health of Londoners-Transport action plan”, which stressed that each governmental organization should be responsible for the citizen’s health of its jurisdiction. 美国《清洁空气法案》规定交通发展与空气质量目标一致性规则，使得 交通污染排放降低。 American “Clean Air Act” requires EPA to establish national ambient air quality standards (NAAQS) to protect public health and the environment, set the conformity transportation development to air quality, and the transport pollution have been controlled. 欧盟把健康预算与交通投资及运营模式进行挂钩力求通过有效的交通模 式调整促进国民健康。 EU published urban road safety, connect health budget with transport invest and operation to enhance invest on transportation infrastructure thus saving the expenses on health. 欧美发达国家、世界卫生组织开展了大量研究。 Many studies carried out in western developed countries and by WHO on Health and Urban mobility

1. 对中国现有的政策措施及其对城市交通、环境、安全和健康 方面的影响进行评价； Evaluate current status of policies and measures and their impact on urban transport, environment, safety and health in China. 2. 探究目前中国城市交通领域存在的不利于国民健康的问题背 后的成因； Determine the causes of urban mobility related health problems in China. 3. 总结国际经验，分析国内外最佳实践案例，识别中国城市交 通领域促进国民健康的可能的策略和方法。 Taking account of international best practices identify possible strategies and methods to promote national health in China's urban transport field. 路径 Approaches

4. 基于中国目前的现状、国际经验建立城市交通 - 健康成本评估 模型；结合城市交通发展趋势综合评估 2015 年和 2030 年的国民 健康状况和相关的成本影响； Establish a China urban transport health cost evaluation model; asses impact on costs in 2015 and 通过情景分析，确定中国城市交通和国民健康的发展愿景及 拟采取的政策框架。 Develop a vision for China's urban transport and national health and propose policy recommendations and a specific action plan. 6. 建立大范围的利益相关者交流、讨论平台，通过政策评估、 案例分析，提出针对性的政策建议和行动计划。 Create discussion and debate among a larger group of stakeholders. 路径 Approaches

技术路线 The main deliverables of this Taskforce

研究方法 Methodology

卫生部门 Heath 卫生部门 Heath 环保部门 Ministry of Environment Protection 公安部门 Police 公安部门 Police 交通部门 Ministry of Transport 交通部门 Ministry of Transport 财政部门 Ministry of Finance 财政部门 Ministry of Finance National and Local Policy and Delivery 多部门合作 Disciplinary & inter-departmental cooperation

尽管面临诸多问题，建设一带一路为沿线国家共同愿望，借鉴中国和国际 的成功经验和教训，为建设一个公平、高效、健康的跨地域立体交通系统提 供了一个独特而难得的机会。 Current One Belt One Road Initiative, a aspiration of all countries along their routes, provide unique chance for constructing fair, economically resources efficient and health friendly mobility. 我们希望参与国家共同努力研究和实施绿色健康型交通运输落实联合国可 持续发展目标。 We urge all levels of government to give their full support for the implementation of green and healthy mobility under the recently adopted Sustainable Development Goals. 这是一个开放的、包容的研发进程，欢迎各位专家、同仁的积极参与和支 持。 It is an open and inclusive research, and we welcome the active participation of all experts and stakeholders. 结语 Conclusion

非常感谢！ Thanks for your attention 联系人 Contact ： 江玉林 研究员 Prof. Yulin Jiang 交通运输部科学研究院 China Academy of Transportation Sciences, MoT Cell: