彼得"第二次归主" Peter’s Second Conversion Acts 10:1-33 February 21, 2016

彼得"第二次归主" 使徒行传 10:1-33 1在恺撒利亚有一个人名叫哥尼流，是“意大利营”的百夫长。 2 他是个 虔诚人，他和全家都敬畏神，多多周济百姓，常常祷告神。 3 有一天，约在申初，他在异 象中明明看见神的一个使者进去，到他那里，说：“哥尼流！” 4 哥尼流定睛看他，惊怕 说：“主啊，什么事呢？”天使说：“你的祷告和你的周济达到神面前，已蒙记念了。 5 现在你当打发人往约帕去，请那称呼彼得的西门来。 6 他住在海边一个硝皮匠西门的家里， 房子在海边上。” 7 向他说话的天使去后，哥尼流叫了两个家人和常伺候他的一个虔诚兵 来， 8 把这事都述说给他们听，就打发他们往约帕去。 9 第二天，他们行路将近那城，彼得约在午正上房顶去祷告。 10 觉得饿了，想要吃。那家的 人正预备饭的时候，彼得魂游象外， 11 看见天开了，有一物降下，好像一块大布，系着四 角，缒在地上， 12 里面有地上各样四足的走兽和昆虫，并天上的飞鸟。 13 又有声音向他说： “彼得，起来，宰了吃！” 14 彼得却说：“主啊，这是不可的！凡俗物和不洁净的物，我 从来没有吃过。” 15 第二次有声音向他说：“神所洁净的，你不可当做俗物。” 16 这样一 连三次，那物随即收回天上去了。

彼得"第二次归主" 使徒行传 17 彼得心里正在猜疑之间，不知所看见的异象是什么意思，哥尼流所差来的人已 经访问到西门的家，站在门外， 18 喊着问：“有称呼彼得的西门住在这里没有？” 19 彼得 还思想那异象的时候，圣灵向他说：“有三个人来找你。 20 起来，下去，和他们同往，不 要疑惑，因为是我差他们来的。” 21 于是彼得下去见那些人，说：“我就是你们所找的人。 你们来是为什么缘故？” 22 他们说：“百夫长哥尼流是个义人，敬畏神，为犹太通国所称 赞。他蒙一位圣天使指示，叫他请你到他家里去，听你的话。” 23 彼得就请他们进去，住 了一宿。 次日起身和他们同去，还有约帕的几个弟兄同着他去。 24 又次日，他们进入恺撒利亚。哥 尼流已经请了他的亲属密友等候他们。 25 彼得一进去，哥尼流就迎接他，俯伏在他脚前拜 他。 26 彼得却拉他，说：“你起来，我也是人。” 27 彼得和他说着话进去，见有好些人在 那里聚集， 28 就对他们说：“你们知道，犹太人和别国的人亲近来往本是不合例的，但神 已经指示我，无论什么人都不可看做俗而不洁净的。 29 所以我被请的时候，就不推辞而来。 现在请问：你们叫我来有什么意思呢？” 30 哥尼流说：“前四天这个时候，我在家中守着 申初的祷告，忽然有一个人穿着光明的衣裳，站在我面前， 31 说：‘哥尼流，你的祷告已 蒙垂听，你的周济达到神面前已蒙记念了。 32 你当打发人往约帕去，请那称呼彼得的西门 来，他住在海边一个硝皮匠西门的家里。’ 33 所以我立时打发人去请你。你来了很好！现 今我们都在神面前，要听主所吩咐你的一切话。”

彼得"第二次归主" INTRODUCTION 我小时候, 我们意大利, 天主教背景的家庭搬到一个来自北欧洲基 督徒背景的群体。 Our Family’s Experience As Italian Catholics Moving Into a Northern European Protestant Community. greasy hair; 油腻 yóunì 的 头发 (tóufa) skin; 皮肤 (pífū) 文化水平很低(dī)

彼得"第二次归主" 1. 旧约关于以色列与万民分别的教导。 1. The OT Background of Jewish Separation 1.1 旧约对以色列与万民的分别原来的意图 (yi4tu2) 1.1. The Original Intent of the Old Testament Regarding Separation of the Jews from the Other Nations 1.1.1. 1.1.1. 神要求犹太人与万民分别。 1.1.1. God called the Jews to Live Apart from the Pagan world

彼得"第二次归主" 利未记 (li4wei4ji4) 20:23-26 23 我在你们面前所逐出的国民，你们不可随从他们的风俗，因为他们行了这一切的事，所以我厌恶他们。 24 但我对你们说过：你们要承受他们的地，就是我要赐给你们为业，流奶与蜜之地。我是耶和华你们的神，使你们与万民有分别的。 25 所以，你们要把洁净和不洁净的禽兽分别出来，不可因我给你们分为不洁净的禽兽，或是滋生在地上的活物，使自己成为可憎恶的。 26 你们要归我为圣，因为我耶和华是圣的，并叫你们与万民有分别，使你们做我的民。 Leviticus 20: 23-26 23 Moreover, you shall not follow the customs of the nation which I will drive out before you, for they did all these things, and therefore I have abhorred them. 24 Hence I have said to you, “You are to possess their land, and I Myself will give it to you to possess it, a land flowing with milk and honey.” I am the Lord your God, who has separated you from the peoples. 25 You are therefore to make a distinction between the clean animal and the unclean, and between the unclean bird and the clean; and you shall not make yourselves detestable by animal or by bird or by anything that creeps on the ground, which I have separated for you as unclean. 26 Thus you are to be holy to Me, for I the Lord am holy; and I have set you apart from the peoples to be Mine.

彼得"第二次归主" 1.1.1 这分别的教义主要的 表现之一是食物洁净或不洁净的分别。 1.1.1. The doctrine of separation had foods as one manifestation of this separation (Lev 20:24-26) 1.1.2 在旧约的时代, 神禁止犹太人与万民结婚; 这也含(han2)关系 (guan1xi)上来分别。 1.1.2. During the OT period, the Jews were not to intermarry; this implied a certain separation in relationships.

申命记(shen1ming4ji4) 7:1-11 1 “耶和华你神领你进入要得为业之地，从你面前赶出许多国民，就是赫人、革迦撒人、亚摩利人、迦南人、比利洗人、希未人、耶布斯人，共七国的民，都比你强大。 2 耶和华你神将他们交给你击杀，那时你要把他们灭绝净尽，不可与他们立约，也不可怜恤他们。 3 不可与他们结亲。不可将你的女儿嫁他们的儿子，也不可叫你的儿子娶他们的女儿， 4 因为她必使你儿子转离不跟从主，去侍奉别神，以致耶和华的怒气向你们发作，就速速地将你们灭绝。 5 你们却要这样待他们：拆毁他们的祭坛，打碎他们的柱像，砍下他们的木偶，用火焚烧他们雕刻的偶像。 6 因为你归耶和华你神为圣洁的民，耶和华你神从地上的万民中拣选你，特做自己的子民。 7 耶和华专爱你们，拣选你们，并非因你们的人数多于别民，原来你们的人数在万民中是最少的。 8 只因耶和华爱你们，又因要守他向你们列祖所起的誓，就用大能的手领你们出来，从为奴之家救赎你们脱离埃及王法老的手。 9 所以，你要知道耶和华你的神，他是神，是信实的神：向爱他守他诫命的人守约施慈爱，直到千代； 10 向恨他的人当面报应他们，将他们灭绝——凡恨他的人，必报应他们，决不迟延。 11 所以，你要谨守遵行我今日所吩咐你的诫命、律例、典章。 Deuteronomy 7:1-11 1 “When the Lord your God brings you into the land where you are entering to possess it, and clears away many nations before you, the Hittites and the Girgashites and the Amorites and the Canaanites and the Perizzites and the Hivites and the Jebusites, seven nations greater and stronger than you, 2 and when the Lord your God delivers them before you and you defeat them, then you shall utterly destroy them. You shall make no covenant with them and show no favor to them. 3 Furthermore, you shall not intermarry with them; you shall not give your daughters to their sons, nor shall you take their daughters for your sons. 4 For they will turn your sons away from following Me to serve other gods; then the anger of the Lord will be kindled against you and He will quickly destroy you. 5 But thus you shall do to them: you shall tear down their altars, and smash their sacred pillars, and hew down their Asherim, and burn their graven images with fire. 6 For you are a holy people to the Lord your God; the Lord your God has chosen you to be a people for His own possession out of all the peoples who are on the face of the earth.

彼得"第二次归主" 1.1.3 外邦人可以进入以色列的群体qun2ti3); 他们被分别不是因为种族(zhong3zu2)的不同，而是因为不同的信仰和不洁净的行为。 1.1.3. Gentiles could join the Jewish community; they were not excluded on the basis of race, but of belief and practice.

彼得"第二次归主" 1.1.3 外邦人可以进入以色列的群体; 他们被分别不是因为种族(zhǒngzú)的不同，而是因为不同的信仰和不洁净的行为。 1.1.3. Gentiles could join the Jewish community; they were not excluded on the basis of race, but of belief and practice. 出埃及 12:48-49 48 若有外人寄居(jìjū)在你们中间，愿向耶和华守(shǒu)逾越节(yúyuèjié)，他所有的男子务要(wùyào)受割礼，然后才容(róng)他前来遵守(zūnshǒu)，他也就像本地人一样。但未(wèi)受割礼的，都不可吃这羊羔(yánggāo)。 49 本地人和寄居(jìjū)在你们中间的外人同归(tóngguī)一例(yīlì)。” Exodus 12:48-49 48 But if a stranger sojourns with you, and celebrates the Passover to the Lord, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near to celebrate it; and he shall be like a native of the land. But no uncircumcised person may eat of it. 49 The same law shall apply to the native as to the stranger who sojourns among you.”

彼得"第二次归主" 1.1.4. God’s long-term plan was to bring Jews and Gentiles together in His Kingdom 1.1.4 神长期的计划是让犹太人与外邦人联合而成为神的国。

彼得"第二次归主" 以赛亚书 2:1-3 1 亚摩斯(yàmósī) 的儿子以赛亚得默示(mòshì)，论到犹大和(Yēlùsālèng)耶路撒冷。 2 末后(mòhòu)的日子，耶和华殿的山必坚立(jiānlì)超乎(chāohu)诸山，高举(gāojǔ)过于(guòyú)万岭(wànlǐng)，万民都要流归(guī)这山。 3 必有许多国的民前往(qiánwǎng)，说：“来吧！我们登(dēng)耶和华的山，奔雅各(bēnyǎgè)神的殿。主必将他的道 教训我们，我们也要行他的路，因为训诲(wuǹhuì)必出于锡安(Xī'ān)，耶和华的言语(yányǔ)必出于耶路撒冷。”

彼得"第二次归主" 以赛亚书 2:1-3 Isaiah 2:1-3 1 The word which Isaiah the son of Amoz saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem. 2 Now it will come about that In the last days The mountain of the house of the Lord Will be established as the chief of the mountains, And will be raised above the hills; And all the nations will stream to it. 3 And many peoples will come and say, “Come, let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, To the house of the God of Jacob; That He may teach us concerning His ways And that we may walk in His paths.” For the law will go forth from Zion And the word of the Lord from Jerusalem.

彼得"第二次归主" 1.2 犹太人歪曲神为外邦人的计划 1.2. The Misinterpretation by the Jews of God's Plan for the Gentiles 1.2.1 这个"分别"的概念, 犹太人倒歪曲了, 导致变成偏见与小看别的种族的借口. 1.2.1. Jews had twisted the idea of separation into a doctrine of racial prejudice and superiority.

彼得"第二次归主" 2. 新约里对外邦人的教导 The NT Handling of the Gentile Question 2. 新约里对外邦人的教导 The NT Handling of the Gentile Question 2.1 耶稣基督的牺牲完全去掉了律法的位置 2.1 The death of Christ had removed the need for the Law 神的律法是暂时(zànshí)教我们神的属性(shǔxìng)与圣洁 The Law was only a temporary means to teach us about God and holiness. 但是律法没有改变人的能力; 惟有基督能够给我们新生命。 But the Law has no power to change us, only Christ can give us new Life.

彼得"第二次归主" 加拉太书 3:23-29 23 但这因信得救的理还未来(wèilái)以先，我们被看守(kānshǒu)在律法(lüfǎ)之下，直(zhí)圈到(quāndào)那将来的真道显明出来。 24 这样，律法是我们训蒙(xùnméng)的师傅(shīfu)，引(yǐn)我们到基督那里，使我们因信称义(chēngyì)。 25 但这因信得救的理(lǐ)既然(jìrán)来到，我们从此就不在师傅(shīfu)的手下了(shǒuxià le)。 26 所以，你们因信基督耶稣，都是神的儿子。 27 你们受洗归入(guīrù)基督的，都是披戴(pīdài)基督了； 28 并不分(bùfēn)犹太人、希腊人(Xīlàrén)，自主的(zìzhǔ de)、为奴的(nú de)，或男或女，因为你们在基督耶稣里都成为一了。 29 你们既(jì)属乎(shǔhu)基督，就是亚伯拉罕(Yabolahan)的后裔，是照着应许承受产业(chǎngyè)的了。(resist; 抵抗 dǐkàng; jeans; 牛崽裤, niúzǎikù) Galatians 3:23-29 23 But before faith came, we were kept in custody under the law, being shut up to the faith which was later to be revealed. 24 Therefore the Law has become our tutor to lead us to Christ, so that we may be justified by faith. 25 But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a tutor. 26 For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus. 27 For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. 29 And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abraham’s descendants, heirs according to promise.

彼得"第二次归主" 2.2 但那时还有犹太人, 包括已经信主的, 还相信除非受割礼, 外邦人不能进入神的国。 2.2. But the Jews, including some believing Jews, still assumed that a Gentile could not join God’s Kingdom without becoming circumcised. 2.3 又有一些信主的犹太人, 只给同族的犹太人传福音, 也不理外邦人。 2.3. There were some new Jewish believers who only preached the Gospel to Jews, not to Gentiles.

彼得"第二次归主" 2.3. 耶稣的意思很清楚是要对万民传福音 2.3. Jesus clearly meant to reach all peoples with His Gospel. 使徒行传 1:8 但圣灵降临在你们身上，你们就必得着能力，并要在耶路撒冷、犹太全地和撒马利亚，直到地极 (dìjí)，作我的见证。 Acts 1:8 but you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; and you shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.”

彼得"第二次归主" 2.4 很明显是彼得还没有把握耶稣所宣传(xuānchuán)的意思 2.4. It’s Obvious that Peter had Not Grasped These Ideas from Jesus 2.4.1 一个原因是因为彼得的背景。 2.4.1 One reason was because of Peter's background 2.4.2 彼得从小离开不洁净的东西。 2.4.2. Peter had avoided unclean things his whole life

彼得"第二次归主" 2.4.2 彼得从小离开不洁净的东西。 2.4.2. Peter had avoided unclean things his whole life 使徒行传 10:13-14 13 又有声音向他说：“彼得，起来，宰了吃！” 14 彼得却说：“主啊，这是不可的！凡俗物(súwù)和不洁净的物，我从来没有吃过。” Acts 10: 13-14 A voice came to him, “Get up, Peter, kill and eat!” 14 But Peter said, “By no means, Lord, for I have never eaten anything unholy and unclean.”

彼得"第二次归主" 2.4.3 而且, 彼得从小也 离开跟外邦人亲密的来往 2.4.3. Peter had avoided close contact with Gentiles his whole life 使徒行传 10:28 就对他们说：“你们知道，犹太人和别国的人亲近来往本是不合例的，Acts 10:28 And he said to them, “You yourselves know how unlawful it is for a man who is a Jew to associate with a foreigner or to visit him;

彼得"第二次归主" 2.4.4. 像许多的犹太人, 彼得讨厌外邦人; 他们吃的, 和他们的行为。 2.4.4. Like most Jews he was literally disgusted by Gentiles; what they ate and how they behaved. 2.5. 因此, 神要打发彼得去给外邦人传福音以前, 他必须要改变彼得向外邦人的看法。 2.5. So God has to “Convert” Peter Before He can Use Peter to Convert Gentiles 2.5.1 28 就对他们说：“你们知道，犹太人和别国的人亲近来往本是不合例的，但神已经指示我，无论什么人都不可看做俗(su2)而不洁净的。 2.5.1. 28 And he said to them, “You yourselves know how unlawful it is for a man who is a Jew to associate with a foreigner or to visit him; and yet God has shown me that I should not call any man unholy or unclean.

彼得"第二次归主" 神怎么使彼得通过这个完全改变心态? How did God “Convert” Peter? 而且, 彼得这方面的经验, 在我们自己的生活中有什么用处? And how does his experience apply to us? 愿我们一起来学习神改变人心态的过程。 Let’s see how God converts Peter, 也愿我们每一个人来自问, 今天我心里哪个地方需要发生变化? And let’s ask ourselves, God, do you need to change my heart today?

彼得"第二次归主" 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.1. 神打发天时走到 哥尼流 那里 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.1. 神打发天时走到 哥尼流 那里 1.1. God sends an Angel to Cornelius 1.2 哥尼流反应打发 伺候他的 兵 去接彼得过来 1.2. Cornelius sends envoys to summon Peter 1.3 同时, 彼得魂游象外(hún yóu xiàngwài) 1.3. Peter, meanwhile is given a vision 1.3.1 三次见到异象 1.3.1. Three times – Scripturally important 1.3.2 他看的是各样的四足(sízú)的走兽(zǒushòu)和昆虫(kūnchóng)，并天上的飞鸟。 1.3.2. All sorts of unclean animals 1.4 然后神派圣灵来说服彼得 跟那些外邦人回去不算罪。 assurance; use 确定 1.4. Then He sends the Holy Spirit to speak to him, as double assurance.

彼得"第二次归主" 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.5 神为你个人的生命有什么计划? 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.5 神为你个人的生命有什么计划? 1.5. What is God Planning for Your Life? 1.5.1 他计划的一部分是关于我们应该做的侍奉。 1.5.1. It is a plan about what we do. 1.5.2 不过, 他的计划也包括我们应该做怎么样的人。 1.5.2. But it also a plan about who we are.

彼得"第二次归主" 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.5.2.2 28 就对他们说：“你们知道，犹太人和别国的人亲近来往本是不合例的，但神已经指示我，无论什么人都不可看做俗而不洁净的。 29 所以我被请的时候，就不推辞(tuīcí)而来。现在请问：你们叫我来有什么意思呢？” 1.5.2.2. Now I see that God doesn’t want me to call ANYONE unclean anymore. This is a confession of repentance.

彼得"第二次归主" 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.5.3.2.1 怎么样的丈夫? 妻子? 1. 神详细的计划 The Detailed Planning of God 1.5.3.2.1 怎么样的丈夫? 妻子? 1.5.3.2.1. What kind of husband? wife? 1.5.3.2.2 怎么样的朋友? 1.5.3.2.2. What kind of friend? 1.5.3.2.3. 怎么样的父亲, 母亲? 1.5.3.2.3. What kind of father, mother? 1.5.3.2.4. 怎么样的教会成员? 1.5.3.2.4. What kind of church member?

彼得"第二次归主" 2.1. 神从来没有 谴责 (qièzé) 彼得 2.1. He never condemns Peter. 2. 神的忍耐 - 神耐心得感动彼得了解这个关于外邦人的概念。 The Patience of God – He patiently moves Peter to understand this new concept. 2.1. 神从来没有 谴责 (qièzé) 彼得 2.1. He never condemns Peter. 2.2.神首先 容忍 (róngrèn) 彼得, 然后 怜悯带领他能够接受这些新的启示。 2.2. He accepts Peter where he is at and brings him to where he should be 2.3. 神忍耐与怜悯给彼得表出他应该自己如何看待别人, 尤其是外邦人。 2.3. By doing this, God shows Peter how to treat others, including Gentiles

彼得"第二次归主" 2. 神的忍耐 - 神耐心得感动彼得了解这个关于外邦人的概念。 The Patience of God – He patiently moves Peter to understand this new concept. 2.4. 过了几年以后, 使徒彼得忘记了神的教训。所以, 神打发使徒保罗去提醒他!! 2.4. And when Peter slipped back and forgot this lesson, God sent Paul to remind him. 加拉太书 2:11-12 11 后来矶法到了安提阿，因他有可责之处，我就当面抵挡他。 12 从雅各那里来的人未到以先，他和外邦人一同吃饭，及至他们来到，他因怕奉割礼的人，就退去与外邦人隔开了。 Gal 2:11-12 11 But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. 12 For prior to the coming of certain men from James, he used to eat with the Gentiles; but when they came, he began to withdraw and hold himself aloof, fearing the party of the circumcision.

彼得"第二次归主" Conclusion 1. 完成这一句话: "我现在明白, 我从此不要给（对）别人 _________" 1. Finish the sentence: “Now I understand that I should never _________ toward another person.” 2. 完成这一句话: "神, 我 感谢你总是对我忍耐; 我特别谢谢你在 _______方面上忍耐我“ 2. Finish the sentence: “God, thank You that You are patient toward me in this area of my life: _________.” 3. 完成这一句话: "神, 求您来帮助我对__________表示你的怜悯与忍耐。" 3. Finish the sentence: “God, I know you want me to be more patient toward__________.”