高三英语学生学习课件 语法专题 复合句

高三英语学生学习课件 目 录 考点要览 点击疑难 实战演练

高三英语学生学习课件 考点要览

考点要览 名词性从句的概况 定语从句的概况 状语从句的概况 宾语从句注意事项 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 高三英语学生学习课件 考点要览 名词性从句的概况 定语从句的概况 状语从句的概况 宾语从句注意事项 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 that引导从句与定语从句的区别 that和which引导定从句的区别 as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 只有who引导定语从句 特殊的时间状语连接词 it作主句主语的定语从句与强调结构的判断 what 和that 在名词性从句中的应用 whether和if在名词性从句中的区别 “介词+关系代词”结构的用法 “疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”的用法及区别

高三英语学生学习课件 疑难点击

点击疑难 名词性从句的概况 定语从句的概况 状语从句的概况 宾语从句注意事项 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 高三英语学生学习课件 点击疑难 名词性从句的概况 定语从句的概况 状语从句的概况 宾语从句注意事项 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 that引导从句与定语从句的区别 that和which引导定从句的区别 只有who引导定语从句 as和which引导非限制性定语从句的区别 it作主句主语的定语从句与强调结构的判断 特殊的时间状语连接词 “疑问词+ever”与“no matter+疑问词”的用法及区别 whether和if在名词性从句中的区别 “介词+关系代词”结构的用法 where引导的定语从句和状语从句的区别

高三英语学生学习课件 名词性从句包括：主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的词有：（1）连词：that, whether, if；（2）疑问代词：who, whom, whose, what, which；（3）疑问副词：when, where, why, how。

在主从复合句中，修饰句中的某一名词或代词，充当这一名词或代词的定语的从句，叫做定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词，叫做先行词，从句放在所修饰词（即先行词）之后由关系副词或关系代词引导，翻译时先译从句后译先行词。 定语从句可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句两种，引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who（宾格whom, 所有格whose）和关系副词where, when关系代词或关系副词在先行词和定语从句之间起联接作用，同时又代替先行词，在从句中充当一个成分。关系代词和关系副词是根据先行词及其在从句中所充当的成分确定的。

高三英语学生学习课件 状语在句子中修饰谓语动词，表示谓语动作发生的时间、地点、原因、条件、方式、程度、结果等。如果状语是由句子构成，则构成状语从句。状语从句的种类较多，有时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。

宾语从句用陈述语序。陈述句用that连接，that可省略；一般疑问句用if /whether连接；特殊疑问句仍用原来的wh-词。 高三英语学生学习课件 宾语从句用陈述语序。陈述句用that连接，that可省略；一般疑问句用if /whether连接；特殊疑问句仍用原来的wh-词。 主句和从句时态要照应。如果主句是现在时态（一般现在时，一般将来时，现在进行时，现在完成时），从句时态不变。如果主句是过去时态，从句时态作相应变化。过去进行时，过去完成时，过去将来时不变，其他的时态向前推进一个时态。 What’s the matter/the trouble/wrong with?的语序不变。疑问词在句中作主语或作定语修饰主语时语序不变。

（1）限制性定语从句是修饰限制先行词，缺少从句，句子意义不完整或失去意义，主从句关系十分密切，写时，不用逗号分开。 高三英语学生学习课件 （1）限制性定语从句是修饰限制先行词，缺少从句，句子意义不完整或失去意义，主从句关系十分密切，写时，不用逗号分开。 He is the man who came to see you yesterday. （2）非限制性定语从句只是对先行词作些附加说明，主从句关系不十分密切，如果去掉从句，主句的意思仍然清楚，这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开，一般用which引导，不用that。 My brother who is in Beijing will come to see me. 我那个在北京的哥哥要来看我。 The book that you are reading is mine. 你看得那本书是我的。 注意：有些定语从句，是限制性还是非限制要根据上下文来判断。

that作为关系代词引导定语从句， 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语，作宾语时省略；that引导主语从句、同位语从句和表语从句时，起连词作用，没有实际意义，也不作句子的任何成分，一般不能省略；that引导宾语从句也是起连词作用，不作成分，可以省略。

在下列情况下，只用that不用which引导定语从句 （1）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或最高级时。 高三英语学生学习课件 在下列情况下，只用that不用which引导定语从句 （1）先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，或先行词本身就是序数词或最高级时。 （2）当先行词是不定代词时，如all, little, few, much, something, anything, everything, none, nothing, no one, some等。但something后也可用which引导定语从句。 （3）先行词中既有人又有物时。 （4）当主句是who, which开头的特殊疑问句时。 （5）先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much, one of, the only, the very, the right, the last, few, just等修饰时。

高三英语学生学习课件 （6）在there be或there live结构中，用that引导且常省略。 （7）当关系代词在定语从句中作to be的表语时。 （8）当先行词前有such或the same修饰，先行词和关系代词指同一物时。 （9）当先行词是way, moment, time, reason, distance等时用that，且常省略。 在下列情况下，只用which而不用that引导定语从句 ①引导非限制性定语从句时。 ②当关系代词前有介词时。 ③当先行词本身就是that时。

（3）在there be/live结构中先行词指人时。 高三英语学生学习课件 （1）all作先行词且指人时。 （2）先行词是those且指人时。 （3）在there be/live结构中先行词指人时。 （4）先行词是指人的不定代词时，如one, all, anyone, no one, nobody, anybody, none等。

高三英语学生学习课件 as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句，用来代替整个主句或主句中的一部分内容，有时两者可以互换。但as引导的定语从句可以放在主句之前、之中或其后，而which引导的从句只能放在主句之后；as有“正如”“就像”之意，常用于下列固定搭配中，如as has been said（如前所述），as is well known（众所周知），as often happens（正如经常发生的那样），as we know（正如我们秘知道的那样），as may be imagined（正如想象的那样），as is reported（正如所报道的那样），as we can see（正如我们所看到的那样），而which不能。但当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或谓语带的是一个复合宾语结构时，一般作which而不用as。

It was about 8 o’clock when we got there. （定语从句） 我们到那儿的时间是8点。 高三英语学生学习课件 在“It is/was+名词+引导词+从句”中，若将It is/was及引导词去掉，剩余部分仍能组成完整句子时，是强调结构，否则便是定语从句。试比较： It was about 8 o’clock when we got there. （定语从句） 我们到那儿的时间是8点。 It was at about 8 o’clock that we got there.（强调结构） 是在8点的时候我们到了那里。 注意的是，强调结构中的引导词只有that和who（被强调部分是人时），没有其他的引导词。

某些副词：immediately, directly, instantly等。引导时间状语从句的还有三种虚拟语气结构，且是倒装结构。 高三英语学生学习课件 时间状语从句通常由从属连词when, while, whenever, as, after, as soon as, till, until, since, once, before等引导。但下列两类词（组）也可以作为连词来引导时间状语从句： 表示时间的名词词组：the moment, the minute, the second, the next time, the first time, by the time, every (each) time, the day (year, month) 等。 某些副词：immediately, directly, instantly等。引导时间状语从句的还有三种虚拟语气结构，且是倒装结构。 No sooner +had+主语+done…, that+从句 Hardly +had+主语+done…, when+从句 Scarcely +had+主语+done…, when+从句

whatever, whoever等既可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导状语从句。引导名词性从句时，其主句缺主、宾、表、定语等。相当于anything that/anyone who等；当引导状语从句时，其主句不缺任何成分，并且主句和从句通常用逗号隔开，相当于no matter who/no matter what等。 “no matter+疑问词”结构只能引导时间状语从句，能和“疑问词+ever”结构互换。但不能引导名词性从句，no matter不能单独使用。 what, who等与whatever, whoever等的区别在于：what, who等是指具体的人或物，有特定的范围，用whatever, whoever等是表示任何一个人或事物，无范围可言，语气比前者强烈得多。

下列情况只用whether不用if： （1）引导主语从句且置于句首时。 （2）引导表语从句时。 （3）引导同位语从句时。 （4）引导宾语从句且前置时。 （5）作动词discuss和介词的宾语时。 （6）其后紧跟or not时。 （7）其后跟不定式时。

（1）“介词+which”在定语从句中作时间、地点、原因状语，相当于关系副词when, where, why。 （2）“介词（短语）+which/whom”在定语从句中作目的、方式状语。 （3）“介词（短语）+which/whom +there be…”在定语从句中作表示存在关系的地点状语。 （4）“介词+which/whom”在含被动结构的定语从句中作状语，表示动作的执行者。 （5）“不定代词或数词或名词+of which/whom”在定语从句中作主语。 （6）“介词+whose”修饰后面的名词作定语。 （7）“介词+which+不定式”相当于一个简化了的定语从句。 （8）介词的确定由定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配决定。

高三英语学生学习课件 where引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词，where引导的从句修饰先行词；where引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，where引导的从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的先行词。在有些情况下，我们可以将其进行转换。

高三英语学生学习课件 实战演练

高三英语学生学习课件 实战演练 实战一 实战二 实战三 实战四 实战五 实战六 实战七 实战八 实战九 实战十 参考答案

C. about which D. with whom 高三英语学生学习课件 1. We can not figure out ____ quite a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out. A. that B. as C. why D. when 2. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk frequently. A. who B. as C. about which D. with whom 3. Tasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten in the leg by a lion. A. when B. while C. since D. once

高三英语学生学习课件 4. Parents should take seriously their children’s requests for sunglasses _____ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. through C. unless D. if 5. Anyway, that evening, ______ I’ll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachel’s place. A. that B. what C. when D. which 6. _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If

7. There are many kinds of sports, _____ my favorite is swimming. 高三英语学生学习课件 7. There are many kinds of sports, _____ my favorite is swimming. A. as B. then C. so D. but 8. We were told that we should follow the main road _____ we reached the central railway station. A. whenever B. until C. while D. wherever 9. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% ____ are sold abroad. A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of them

12. There are two buildings, _____ stands nearly a hundred feet high. 高三英语学生学习课件 10. I work in a business _____ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. A. how B. which C. where D. that 11. I think father would like to know _____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how 12. There are two buildings, _____ stands nearly a hundred feet high. A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which

14. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. 高三英语学生学习课件 13. You should try to get a good night’s sleep _____ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 14. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 15. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _____ , of course, made the others envy him. A. who B. that C. what D. which

17. It was evening _____ we reached the little town of Winchester. 高三英语学生学习课件 16. A modern city has been set up in ____ was a wasteland ten years ago. A. what B. which C. that D. where 17. It was evening _____ we reached the little town of Winchester. A. that B. until C. since D. before 18. ____ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. A. Which B. When C. What D. As

19. You can eat food free in my restaurant _____ you like. 高三英语学生学习课件 19. You can eat food free in my restaurant _____ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however 20. Scientists say it may be five or six years _____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when 21. —Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? —Yes. He had never praised him _____ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when

A. he explained B. what he explained 高三英语学生学习课件 22. Is this the reason _____ at the meeting for his carelessness in his book? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 23. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B. when C. so that D. as if 24. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It B. As C. That D. What

25. —Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? —Yes, I gave it to her _____ I saw her. A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 26. _____ different life today is from _____ it was fifty years ago. A. What a; what B. How; what C. What; what D. What a; how 27. _____ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

28. It was a matter of _____ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever 29. It was in Beihai Park _____ they made a date for the first time _____ the old couple told us their love story. A. where; that B. that; that C. where; when D. that; when 30. It is such a good place _____ everybody wants to go and visit _____ it is well-known all over the world. A. that; that B. as; as C. as; that D. that; as

参考答案： 1-5 CDAAD 6-10 ADBAC 11-15 CDAAD 16-20 ADDAC 高三英语学生学习课件 参考答案： 1-5 CDAAD 6-10 ADBAC 11-15 CDAAD 16-20 ADDAC 21-25 CACBB 26-30 BBAAC