The Non-predicative Verbs 非谓语动词 The Non-predicative Verbs

基本 用法 时态 语态 练习

动名词 非 谓 语 动 词 现在分词 分 词 过去分词 不定式

v. v. v. 动名词 分 词 n. 主/表/宾/定 不定式 主/表/宾/定/补/状 adv. Gerund 表/定/补/状 分 词 participle 不定式 infinitive G. + O. / A. 动名词短语 n. 主/表/宾/定 v. P. + O. / A. 分词短语 adj. adv. 表/定/补/状 v. inf. + O. / A. 不定式短语 n. adj. adv. 主/表/宾/定/补/状

v. v. v. 动名词 分 词 n. 主/表/宾/定 不定式 主/表/宾/定/补/状 adv. Gerund 表/定/补/状 分 词 participle 不定式 infinitive G. + O. / A. 动名词短语 n. 主/表/宾/定 v. P. + O. / A. 分词短语 adj. adv. 表/定/补/状 v. inf. + O. / A. 不定式短语 n. adj. adv. 主/表/宾/定/补/状

The Gerund 动名词的特点： ① 抽象 ② 习惯性

His hobby is painting. 习惯 I’m proud of being a Chinese. 抽象

Participle 主动、进行、 令人……的 doing 被动、完成、 感到……的 done

The film is disappointing. The swimming boy is Tom. (主动、进行） the room facing south （主动） The film is disappointing. （令人……的)

I have a radio made in China. （被动） Look at the broken glass. （被动、完成） The excited people shouted and cheered. （感到……的）

infinitive 表将来 表目的 表某一次具体的动作

I have a lot of work to do. （将来） I like dancing, but I don’t like to dance today. （某一次具体的动作） To learn English well, you must practise more. （目的）

主 语 不定式 动名词 1.若句子的主语和表语都为非 谓语动词，其形式要求一致。 主 语 动名词 不定式 1.若句子的主语和表语都为非 谓语动词，其形式要求一致。 2.It is (no) good/use doing sth.

Teaching is learning. 教也是学。 It is no use doing that. 那样做是没用的。

表 语 看性质 动名词 不定式 分词 doing done 主动、进行、 令人……的 被动、完成、 感到……的

His job is teaching Chinese. The news is exciting. All of us are disappointed. What you should do is to look after the baby.

将来 具体动作 分类 无主谓 定 语 动名词 不定式 分词 doing done 主动 进行 令人…的 被动 完成 感到…的

作定语 drinking water reading room =the water for drinking =the room for reading

the sleeping baby fallen leaves the broken cup running water exciting news the disappointing boy the disappointed boy the work to do

the boy standing there The window broken by Tom the clothes to wash tomorrow

He is the right person to do it. 主谓 分析下列句子 He is the right person to do it. 主谓 He has a lot of work to do. 动宾 It’s the best way to learn English. 说明内容

不定式作定语的基本条件 不定式与它所修饰的名词在逻 辑上必须具备以下条件之一： 1. 主谓关系 2. 动（介）宾关系 3. 说明所修饰词的内容 多为抽象名词或序数词

Pay attention to the following I have no chair to sit on. I have a lot of clothes to wash. to be washed.

on the food to live ______ the bus to come here ____ the pen to write _____ the room to live ____ the knife to cut _____ the person to write ____ on with in with about

宾 补 不定式 分词 doing 取决于 谓语动词 done 宾 补 不定式 分词 主动进行 doing 取决于 谓语动词 done 被动完成

make let have see watch look at hear listen to feel notice do doing done + sb. +

seen watched looked at heard listened to felt noticed sb. be + to do made let

advise allow ask beg cause expect encourage force get hate invite order oblige wish want warn remind promise permit persuade request… sb. to do

think consider find believe suppose know understand take sb.to be

make oneself done I can’t make myself under- stood because of my broken English. A liar can’t make himself believed.

find + O. + doing / done He found a wallet lying on the ground. I found the city changed a lot.

宾语 不定式 动名词 取决于谓语动词

advise,admit,avoid,consider, delay,enjoy,excuse,finish, 作宾语 只能用动名词作宾语的动词和词组： advise,admit,avoid,consider, delay,enjoy,excuse,finish, deny,allow,escape, forgive, imagine,mind,keep,miss, practise,prevent,resist,risk,

suggest, understand, appreciate,can’t help put off, give up

feel like, devote…to, be busy, need use harm hurry (in) doing 动名词常可用于下列词组后 feel like, devote…to, be busy, need use harm hurry (in) doing There is no

difficulty trouble problem fun pleasure a good time a hard time There is / are/ I/we have (in) doing

只能接不定式作宾语的动词 hope, wish, promise, refuse, arrange, decide, fail, manage, offer, prepare, pretend, hate, prefer, ask, choose, expect …

注意下列动词 begin start continue to do doing + ①

like love hate prefer learn to do doing + ②

remember forget regret to do doing ③ +

try mean stop go on to do doing ④ +

注意下列结构 be used to do be / get used to doing used to do

状语 分 词 不定式 其 逻辑 主语必 须与句子 主语保持一致 作其他状语 作目的状语 与主语为被动关系 与主语为主动关系 done doing 与主语为主动关系

Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. When they heard the bad news

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better. If they had been given more attention

Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. Because he was so angry

They came into the classroom, singing and laughing. and they were singing laughing

To serve the people well, I study hard. In order to serve the people well

判断下列句子正误： 1. To learn English well, a lot of practice must be done. 2. Seeing from the hill, the city is more beautiful. 3. Heating , water will boil. 4. Getting there, the door was found opened.

判断句子正误并改正： 1, Being ill, his classmate sent him to hospital. 2. To get there in time, he told me to get up early. 3, Broken by Jim, I can’t use the cup.

将下列状语从句改为非谓语 短语作状语： 1. Because she was moved by the hero, she decided to study harder. Moved by the hero,

2. When he found the door locked, he went home. Finding the door locked,

He started early in order that he could get there on time. to get there on time

1. Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her. 将下列非谓语短语改写为状语从句 1. Not knowing her address, I can’t write to her. 2. Entering the room, I saw a strange sight. 3, Scolded by the teacher, he was very sad.

4.Not knowing where to go, he asked a policeman . 5. Hearing her friend was bad- ly hurt, she burst into tears. 6. Knowing his team had won, he became happy at once.

两个复合结构 不定式 复合结构 动名词 my / Tom's doing for / of sb. to do

important to learn English. It is important to learn English. It is important for us to learn English. 逻辑主语

It is / was + adj. +for / of sb. to do It’s kind you to say so. of It’s strange you to do that. for

Studying English is important. Our studying English 逻辑主语 Li Lei’s Studying English 逻辑主语

用两个复合结构翻译句子： 1. 李明的迟到使得老师很生气。 2.我现在离开你介意吗？ 3.他对我打电话会很吃惊的。 4.你在这河里游泳是很危险的。 Answer

1. Li Ming’s being late made his teacher very angry. 2. Do you mind my leaving now? 3. He will be surprised at my calling. 4.It’s dangerous for you to swim in the river.

非谓语动词 的 时态和语态

英语基本时态构成一览表 doing do do done be been doing shall / will have have 一般式 进行时 doing 将来时 do 完成时 done 完成进行时 been doing do be shall / will have have

动名词的时态和语态 主 动 被 动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 语态 时态

Thank you for having helped me so much. He is praised for having devoted his life for his country. Before being used, the machine must be checked.

对比下列句子 He insisted on being sent to hospital. He insisted on sending her to

n. S. + be worth doing of + n. to be done of being done S. + be worthy 注意下面句式 n. S. + be worth doing of + n. to be done of being done S. + be worthy

不定式的时态和语态 主 动 被 动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done 主 动 被 动 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 无 语态 时态

He pretended to be working hard when his boss passed him. He seems to be eating something I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. 前 后

Pay special attention to: hoped promised wanted wished expected planned to have done 表示过去没有实现的期待和愿望

He wanted to have met you at the airport, but he didn’t get there in time. We planned to have done good deeds for the poor people last month

should ought to need may might could would (not) have done （过去）本来…… 结果与事实相反

You should have finished your homework. We needn’t have worried about him. You shouldn’t have been there.

must can’t can may might could be n. / adj. / … be doing have done + He must be ill. be waiting for us. have seen her.

Nobody opened the door. She might (may) have left. The road is all wet. It must have rained last night. I saw him just now. He can’t have gone to Shanghai.

现在分词的时态和语态 主 动 被 动 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 语态 时态

现在分词的时态和语态： Having been to the Great Wall many times, He didn’t go there yesterday. 分词的动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前

Not having received his father’s letter, he decided to make a call to him. 因为没收到他父亲的来信， 他决定给他打个电话。

Not having been finished, the book can’t be returned at present. The building being built is our new library.

1.____is a good of exercise for both the young and the old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk

2.When and where to build the new power station____ yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided

3.Is______necessary to change trains at Beijing? A. this B. that C. it D. he

4.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing. A. To see B. Seeing C. See D. To be seen

5.She pretended ________the letter I wrote the day before yesterday. A. not to receive B. not receiving C. not to hear from D. having not received

6.I can’t imagine _____ that with such a famous author. A. work B. to work C. to be working D. working

7.She reached the top of the hill and stopped _____ on a rock by the side of the path. A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest

8.People couldn’t help _____ the funny villager. A. laugh at B. to laught at C. laughing at D. laughing on

9.I can’t help _____the house because I’m busy making a cake. A. to clean B. cleaning C. cleaned D. being cleaned

10.Do you consider _____ any good attempting many scientific experiments? A. there B. it C. this D. that

11.I’m thirsty. Would you please give me something ________. A. drunk B. to drink C. to be drunk D. for drinking

12.When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person______. A. to send B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to

13.There was a terrible noise _______the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed

14．The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D.written

15．Mrs.Smith warned her husband _____ after drinking again and again. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive

16.They knew her very well. They had seen her____up from childhood. A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow

17. Believe it or not, he was seen ______upstairs just now. A. to go B. to going C. having gone D. go

18.It was so cold that they kept the fire _______all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned

19.The salesman scolded the girl caught __ and let her off. A. to have stolen B. to be stealing C. to steal D. stealing

20.He was disappointed to find his suggestion_______. A. turning down B. turned down C. to be turned down D. to turn down

21.The murderer was brought in ,with his hands ______ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied

22.Tom kept quiet about the accident _______lose his job. A. not in order to B. so as not to C. in order to not D. not so as to

23.They have had a long and bitter struggle _____ their living conditions. A. to improving B. for improving C. to improve D. improve

24.To master a foreign language,______. A. a lot of practice is needed B. it needs a lot of practice C. practice is in need of D. one needs a lot of practice

25.The secretary worked late into the night, ______ a long speech for the president. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing

26.________more attention, the work would have been done better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given

27._________a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received

28.Charles Babbage is generally considered______ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

29.The squirrel was lucky that it just missed___________. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch

30.Little Jim should love _____ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking

31.—What do you think of the book? —Oh ,excellent. It’s worth ______a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read

32.The library needs ______, but it’ll have to wait until Sunday. A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned

More Exercises

lie　 lied lied lying撒谎 lie vi lay lain lying 躺下; 位于 lay vt laid laid laying 　　放置；下蛋、产卵

The book is lying on the desk. The book is laid on the desk. lying on the desk the book laid on the desk

with + 复合宾语结构： adj. adv. p. inf. prep. ph. with + n./ pron. +