Grammar 名词性从句 Noun Clause

名词从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词从句 (Noun Clauses）。名词从句的功能相当于 名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、 表语、同位语, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为: 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 以 “when” 引导的名词从句when the PRC was founded为例。 作主语：When the PRC was founded is known to all Chinese. 作宾语：All Chinese know when the PRC was founded.

名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 以 “when” 引导的名词从句when the PRC was founded为例。 作表语：My question is when the PRC was founded. 作同位语：All Chinese can answer the question when the PRC was founded.

名词性从句在功能上相当于名词 作主语：When the PRC was founded is known to all Chinese. 作宾语：All Chinese know when the PRC was founded. 作表语：My question is when the PRC was founded. 作同位语：All Chinese can answer the question when the PRC was founded.

Can you distinguish THAT-CLAUSE in the two sentences? 1.We expressed the hope (that) they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. ie. The hope was that they would come to China again. 作expressed宾语 that 引导的从句句意及句子成分完整无缺.

Practice 1.______ the baby could speak made his parents very happy. A. That B. What C. Why D. If 2. I wonder ____ you will go shopping or stay at home. A. that B. if C. whether D. what 3. This is _____ he was often late for school. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 4. We all know the truth ____ the earth ____ around the sun. A. if; moved B. that; moves C. why; move D. whether; move 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句

Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them At lunch time, the radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon. The truth is that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far. What surprised me most was that the old man couldn’t see anything. The fact that Polly didn’t ask for the man’s name is a pity. Object Clause (宾语从句) Predictive Clause (表语从句) Subject Clause (主语从句) Appositive Clause 同位语从句

同位语从句: 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句和前面的名词在内容上是一回事。 同位语从句: 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。同位语从句和前面的名词在内容上是一回事。 若同位语从句意义完整，通常由that, whether, what, who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词引导，且 不能省略。可用于被同位语从句修饰的名词有很多，如： advice，announcement, answer, belief ，chance, conclusion，demand, doubt, decision, evidence ， explanation，fact ， feeling，hope, idea, information, impression，message , news，order, opinion, problem , promise , proposal , possibility，question , request , report , rumor, suggestion，thought , truth，wish , word , warning，etc.

eg： The news that we won the game is exciting. cf. The news that he told me is not true. 2) We had to face the fact that the nearest petrol station was 15 miles away. Cf. This is the fact that we are faced with now. 3) Word /Order/Information came/arrived that the patient must be isolated.= Word /Order/Information that the patient must be isolated came/arrived.

eg： 4) There is no doubt our team will surely win. cf. I have some doubt our team will win. 5) I have no idea he will come here. that whether when/whether/why/ how

同位语从句和定语从句的区别 1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中的引导词不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。 2.同位语从句对中心词/先行词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的连接词在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.

Attributive or Appositive 1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed. 2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again. AT AP 1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted to universities. 2.The information that he announced at the meeting is that more middle school graduates will be admitted to universities. . AP AT

I gave him a suggestion that he not spend too much time playing. 名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice 等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气, 结构为 should + do, should 可省略 I gave him a suggestion that he not spend too much time playing.

Practice time

Choose the best answer 1.They expressed the hope ___they would come over to China. A. which B. that C. whom D. when 2.The fact___ he didn’t see Tom yesterday is true. A. that B. which C. when D. what 3.I have no idea ____he will come back. A. where B. when C. what D. that

4.The news ___ surprised everybody yesterday now proves to be false. A. that B. when C. what D. how 5.One of the men held the view ___ the book said was right. A. what that B. that which C. that what D. which that 6.Word has come ___ some American guests will come for a visit to our college next week. A. what B. whether c. that D. which

7.The question is ____the film is worth seeing. A. if B. what C. whether D. how 8.They received orders _____ the work be done at once. A .which B. when C. / D .that 9.The reason ____ I have to leave is ____ my mother is ill in bed. A .why; why B. why; because C. why ; that D. that; because

10. ___ I can’t understand is ___ she wants to change her mind. A. What; why B. What; that C. That; why D. What; because 11. ____ his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if

12. It is known to us ___ where there is pollution, there is harm. A. which B. where C. what D. that 13. I have the information ____. A. of what he’ll come soon B. that he’ll come soon C. of that he’ll come soon D. his coming soon

14. --- I saw your neighbor break your window with a basketball. --- ____ it made me nearly mad. A. That he broke B. What he broke C. He broke D. His break 15.It remains a question ____ we can get so much money in such a short time. A.how B. that C. when D. what

16.--- Can I help you? --- Yes, do you know ____? A. when comes the bus B. when the bus will come C. when does the bus come D. when the bus comes 17. He made a promise ___ anyone set him free, he would make him very rich. A. that B. if C. what D. that if

18. They lost their way in the forest and ____ made matters worse was ___ night began to fall. A. what; that B. it; that C. what; when D. which; what

1.It now appears ______ they are in need of help. A. that B. which C. what D. how 2.It is good news ______ they will arrive in a few days. A. which B. what C. that D. how 3.It ______ Joe drives badly. A. thought that B. thinks that C. was thought that D. is thought that 4.It ______ he is late for class. A. may that B. might that C. may be that D. might be what 5.This is ______ she was born. A. where B. which C. that D. what 6.The question is ______ we can’t go there today. A. that B. what C. whether D. when

7.The question is ______ it is worth doing. A. if B. whether C. which D. what 8.The reason why he has made such great progress is _______ he has never wasted his time. A. because B. why C. that D. what 9.My suggestion is ______ we (should) turn the land into rice fields. A. what B. that C. which D. where 10.His proposal is that the dam ______ at the foot of the mountain. A. build B. will build C. be built D. will be built 11.My advice is that he ______ regular house. A. keep B. would keep C. keeps D. kept 12.______ knows the truth will tell you about it. A. Who that B. Whoever C. Whom that D. That who

13.We all know the truth _____ the earth goes round the sun. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 14.We heard the news ______ our team had won. A. which B. that C. what D. where 15.The problem ______ it is right or wrong has not yet been decided. A. which B. that C. whether D. if 16.You must do well ______ the teacher asks you to do. A. which B. what C. that D. where