Unit 2 Working the Land Grammar

Answer key for Exercise 1 on page 12: sunburnt, rid…of, expand, circulate, would rather, struggle, expert, satisfied with, equip, crop, thanks to

Answer key for Exercise 2 on page 12: 1 statistics, globe 2 super, nationalities 3 Hunger, disease 4 Vietnam, occupations 5 freedom, exported

Answer key for Exercise 3 on page 12: decade, struggle, expanding, Equipped, output, grain, crops, battles, disturbing

Grammar 动名词 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如： 一. 动名词做主语的用法 动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作, 在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如： Seeing is believing. Helping her is my duty.

Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。 Talking mends no holes. 空谈无济于事。 Working with you is a pleasure. 和你一起工作是一种乐趣。 动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样，也可以用it作形式主语。如： It's rather tiring walking around in a city.

不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如： It's no use crying over spilt milk. 覆水难收。 He realized that to go on like this was wrong. （指抽象动作） （指具体动作）

【考例】 — What do you think made Mary so upset？ — __________ her new bicycle． A. As she lost   B. Lost C. Losing       D. Because of losing

解析：losing her new bicycle是句子的主语，谓语made her so upset被省略，losing… 在此表示具体的动作。

二. 动名词作宾语的用法 1．有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit, appreciate, avoid，can't stand（不能忍受）, consider，delay, devote … to, dislike enjoy，escape, excuse, feel like, finish, forgive, get down to, give up, imagine.

insist on, keep (on), look forward to, mention, mind, miss（错过）, pay attention to, practice, put off, stick to, suggest等等。 Doing morning exercises is good for your health. 做早操对你的健康有好处。

Her shoes wants mending. 她的鞋该修理了。 注意: 当 need, want, require, worth后面接doing也可以表示被动。 Your hair wants cutting.　 你的头发该理了。 The floor requires washing. 地板需要冲洗。 I have finished writing this book. 我已经写完这本书了。

【考例】 I can't imagine __________ that with them． A. do           B. to do C. being done    D. doing

She looks forward every spring to __________ the flower-lined garden． A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking in 解析：考查短语动词 look forward to 后跟动名词作宾语的用法。

2. 在allow, advise, forbid, permit后直接跟动名词作宾语，如果有名词或代词作宾语，则构成“allow／advise／forbid／permit ＋名词／代词＋不定式（宾语补足语）”之形式。如： We don't allow smoking here． We don't allow anybody to smoke here．

3. 动词need, require, want意为“需要”时，后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语，意义没有区别。如： The window needs／requires／wants cleaning／to be cleaned． 4. 在begin, continue, love, like, hate, prefer, intend, start后用动名词和 用不定式作宾语均可，意义没有多 大区别。

5. 动词forget, go on, mean, regret, remember, stop, try, be used to, can't help后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。 forget, regret, remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。

go on doing 继续做原来做的事 go on to do 接着做另一件事 mean doing 意味着要做某事 mean to do 想要做某事 stop doing 停止做某事 stop to do 停下来（别的事）开始 做某事

try doing 试着做某事 try to do 努力做某事 be used to doing 习惯于做某事 be used to do 被用来做某事 can't help doing 禁不住做某事 can't help to do 不能帮助做某事

— Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet． 【考例】 — Let's have a rest． — Not now．I don't want to stop __________ yet． A. study          B. to study C. for studying    D. studying 解析：stop studying意为“停止学习”。

— Let me tell you something about the journalists． — Don't you remember ________ me the story yesterday？ A. told       B. telling C. to tell   D. to have told 解析: remember telling me意为 “记得曾经告诉过我”。

Excersice 1. It took the workmen only two hours to finish _______ my car. A. repairing B. repair C. to repair D. repaired

2. Have you forgotten ___$1000 from me last month 2. Have you forgotten ___$1000 from me last month? Will you please remember ____ it tomorrow? A. borrowing; to bring B. to borrow; bring C. borrowed; bringing D. borrowing; bringing

3. The classroom wants _____. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D 3. The classroom wants _____. A. clean B. cleaned C. to clean D. cleaning 4. Jack said that he wouldn't mind __ for us. A. to wait B. wait C. waiting D. waited

5. My brother keeps ___ me with my work. A. to help B. help C 5. My brother keeps ___ me with my work. A. to help B. help C. helping D. helped 6. We should often practise ___ English with each other. A. to speak B. spoke C. speak D. speaking

7. Keep on ____ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D 7. Keep on ____ and you will succeed. A. a try B. try C. triing D. trying 8. His parents insist on ___ to college. A. he should go B. he go C. his going D. him to go

9. The story was so funny that we ___. A. couldn’t help laugh B 9. The story was so funny that we ___. A. couldn’t help laugh B. can’t but laugh C. couldn’t help laughing D. couldn’t help but to laugh

10. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth ______. A 10. Though it sounds a bit too dear (昂贵), it is worth ______. A. being bought B. buying C. to buy D. buying it 11. He devoted his life to _____ the atomic theory. A. study B. be studied C. studying D. have studied

12. We are both looking forward to __ next week. A 12. We are both looking forward to __ next week. A. going on vocation(休假) B. go on vocation C. be going on vocation D. have gone on vocation

13. You must pay attention to ___ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B 13. You must pay attention to ___ the works of Lu Xun. A. read B. reading C. reader D. be read 14. You should work tonight instead of _____ TV. A. to watch B. you watching C. you watch D. watching

15. The microscope is used for__ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B 15. The microscope is used for__ minute (微小的) objects. A. examining B. being examined C. examined D. examine 16. Mike has got used ___ up late at night. (stay up) A. to sit B. X C. to sitting D. sitting

17. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once. A. beating B 17. Once the heart stops _____, death follows at once. A. beating B. to beat C. being beaten D. to be beating 18. We are now busy _____ for the examination. A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. being prepared

19. I remembered ____ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B 19. I remembered ____ this person somewhere before. A. seeing B. having been seen C. seen D. to see 20. I regret ____ that to her. A. having said B. to have said C. to say D. X

21. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) ____ others. A 21. The patient must be separated to avoid (避免) ____ others. A. being infected(感染) B. infecting C. to infect D. infected 22.Your clothes need ______. A. washed B. to be washed C. to wash D. being washed

23. _____ provides us with essential nutrients (营养), while ______ provides us with oxygen. A. To eat; breathing B. Eating; to breathe C. Eating; breathing D. Eaten; breathed

24. He attended the party without___. A. invited B. inviting C 24. He attended the party without___. A. invited B. inviting C. having invited D. being invited 25. By ____, water can be changed into gas. A. heating B. being heated C. having heated D. heated

26. On land many objects prevent sound _____ very far. A. to travel B 26. On land many objects prevent sound _____ very far. A. to travel B. travel C. from travelling D. to travelling 27. She returned home only to find the door open and something____ . A. missed B. to be missing C. missing D. to be missed

28. Remember__ the newspaper when you have finished it. A 28. Remember__ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. put back C. to put back D. be put back 29. Writing stories and articles__ what I enjoy most. A. is B. are C. was D. were

30. He was afraid ___for being late. A. of seeing B. of being seen C 30. He was afraid ___for being late. A. of seeing B. of being seen C. to be seen D. to have seen

Homework Next time we’ll learn Organic Farming on Page 14. If possible, please find some information. Today’s homework is to finish all Exercises on Page 49 and 50.