Grammar 2 Ellipses

Look at the following sentences, say which one is better and why. Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t come to school to see me the next day. Mike said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he didn’t. 2

省略句:为了避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略。 Ellipses 省略句:为了避免重复,省略句中的一个或几个成分,这种语法现象称为省略。

Add words which have been left out and rewrite the sentences. Sorry to have kept you waiting. Seen the movie before? I’m sorry to have kept you waiting. Have you seen the movie before? 4

John was the winner in 1994 and Bob in 1998. 4. -- What did you do yesterday? -- Just slept. Nothing else. John was the winner in 1994 and Bob was the winner in 1998. -- I just slept. I did nothing else. 5

简单句中的省略 1. -- How is your mother today? -- (She is ) Much better. 2. (You) Open the door, please. 3. (It) Sounds fine to me. 4. (Is there) Anything wrong? 5. At her mother’s (house) she passed many happy days.

并列句中的省略 1. She was poor but (she was) honest. 2. Mary can (speak English) and Mary ought to speak English.

复合句中的省略 1. 宾语从句中的省略 1）宾语从句若为并列陈述句，第一个that可以省，之后的that都不能省。 He said (that) he wouldn't go shopping and that he would go swimming instead.

1. --Do you think it will rain? --I hope not (that it will not rain). 2. --This maths problem is easy to work out. --I don’t think so (this maths problem is easy to work out).

2)在I’m afraid,I think, I believe, I hope, I guess, I expect, I suppose等开头的作答句中，后面跟so 与 not 分别用于肯定或否定宾语时。 否定时hope, guess与be afraid只用I … not 形式，而think, believe, suppose 等词可有两种否定形式 ，即：I … not. 或I don’t … so.

2. 定语从句中的省略 关系代词在限制性定语从句中充当宾语。 This is the book (which/that) I want to buy. Here is the man (that/whom/who) you have been looking for.

3. 状语从句中的省略 状语从句中，如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致或从句主语为it，且状语从句的谓语动词中有be动词，从句的主语连同be可一起省略，连词为when, while, though, if, unless, although, as if 等

He fell asleep while (he was) reading his book. Though (they were) surrounded, the soldiors didn’t give up. If (it is) possible, I wish to go there next summer. If (it is) necessary, the boss will go by himself.

2)以as, than 引导的比较状语从句可以全部或部分省去。 After half an hour, she became quieter (than she had been). The night sky from the moon is as wonderful (as seen from the earth). Lily is as clever a girl (as her sister).

不定式的省略 1. 前面出现过的动词在下文再次出现时可以只保留不定式符号to I. --Will you go with me? --Well, I’d like to (go with you). II. -- Have you ever been to the seaside? -- No, we can’t afford to (go to the seaside).

We often hear him (to) sing the song at home. 2. 不定式在感官动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, look at , listen to, overhear, observe 和使役动词 have, make, let 后作宾语补足语时, 不定式省略to 。但在被动语态中应还原不定式to。 They knew her very well, for they had seen her (to) grow up from childhood. We often hear him (to) sing the song at home.

3. 在介词but前出现了实意动词do或其某种形式，后面的不定式要省略to。（前有do后省to） I have no other choice but to follow his advice. I can do nothing but wait for the latest news.

高考链接 1. The research is so designed that once _______nothing can be done to change it. (2002全国) A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun

高考链接 2. What surprised me was not what he said but ___ he said it. (2004湖北) A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which

高考链接 3. A computer does only what thinking people _________. (1999上海) A. have it do B. have it done C. have done it D. having it done

高考链接 4. --- I’ll be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my car ? --- Not at all. ________. (1995全国) A. I’ve no time B. I’d rather not C. I’d like it D. I’d be happy to

高考链接 5. --- You haven’t lost the ticket, have you ? --- ______. I know it’s not easy to get another one at the moment. (2004江苏) A. I hope not B. Yes, I have C. I hope so D. Yes, I’m afraid so

高考链接 6. _____ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. ( 1994上海 ) A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will

高考链接 7. --- Let’s go and have a good drink tonight. --- _____ Have you got the first prize in the competition? (2004重庆) A. What for ? B. Thanks a lot . C. Yes, I’d like to D. Why not ?

高考链接 8. We all know that, __________, the situation will get worse. (2007全国Ⅰ) A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with

高考链接 9. --Dad! Tom’s broken a glass! (2007四川) -- ___. Accidents will happen. A. No way B. Doesn’t matter C. No trouble at all D. Don’t mention it

高考链接 10. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, _______. (2007全国Ⅱ) A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will

高考链接 11. ---Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? ---Yes. _____, I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city. (2008安徽) A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible

Thank you！