Welcome to our English Corner! July 11th

二、状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。 副词（短语）作状语： The boy needs a pen very much. 介词短语作状语： On Sundays, there is no student in the classroom 分词（短语）作状语： He sits there, asking for a pen. Frightened, he sits there soundlessly. （因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语） 不定式作状语： The boy needs a pen to do his homework To make his dream come true, Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣. 名词作状语： Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语）

三、同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如： We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批‘学生’） We all are students. / (all是we的同位语，都指同样的‘我们’）

表示独一无二的头衔、职位的名词充当句子的表语、同位语、宾补和主补时前省略冠词。 The monitor of our class is Alice. We trust the monitor of our class. Alice is monitor of our class. Alice, monitor of our class, is active and reliable. We elected Alice monitor of our class. Alice was elected monitor of our class.

句子成分练习题( 一 ) (一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词 ① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast? A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast

⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday. A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. in D. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book

(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语 ① My brother hasn't done his homework. ② People all over the world speak English. ③ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is. ④ How many new words did you learn last class? ⑤You will find it useful after you leave school. ⑥ The old man sitting there said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class. ⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left.

(四) 挑出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim? ③ The leaves have turned yellow. ④ Soon they all became interested in the subject. ⑤ She was the first to learn about it.

(五) 挑出下列句中的定语 ① The young boy was quite clever. ② What is your given name? ③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3. ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. ⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!

(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语 ① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ② He asked her to take the boy out of school. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ④ They call me Lily sometimes. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. ⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now?

(七) 挑出下列句中的状语 ① There was a big smile on her face. ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast. ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it. ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.

(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ① Please tell us a story. ② My father bought a new bike for me last week. ③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom. ⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

句子成分练习题( 二 ) 指出下列句子中划线部分的句子成分： 1.Whether we’ll go depends on the weather . 2. People’s standards of living are going up steadily . 3. That was how they were defeated. 4.The nursery takes good care of our children . 5.I’ll return the book to you tomorrow . 6.We are sure that we shall succeed . 7.The woman with a baby in her arms is his other . 8.There are many film that I’d like to see. 9.Have you met the person about whom he was speaking ? 10.I have a lot of work to do .

11.Anyway I won’t stop you from doing it . 12.I said it in fun . 13.We can send a car over to fetch you . 14.She had to work standing up . 15.Seeing this ,some comrades became very worried . 16.Much interested , he agreed to give it a try . 17.The bus arrived ten minutes late . 18.We should serve the people heart and soul. 19.Spring coming on , the tree turned green . 20.Some farmers saw something strange in the sky .

句子成分练习题( 三 ) A 1、 ___ six years since I began to study English. A. It is B. I have been C. There are D. It was 2 、___ in the room at that time. A. Nobody was B. Someone were C. Who is D. He are 3 、It’s very noisy outside. ___ is going on? A. Who B. What C. Which D. Where 4、 ___ in English in class every day is important. A. Speaking B. Talking C. Saying D. To tell 5 、There must be____ near the factory. A. a book store B. book store C. books store D. books stores 6 、Although it's raining hard, ___ are still working in the fields. A. but they B. and they C. they D. since they

B 1、 The doctor as well as the nurses ___ great concern for the patients. A. show B. shows C. have shown D. are showing 2、 Your son must be a clever boy, ___ he? A. is B. isn't C. must D. mustn't 3、 The computer center, ___ last year, is very popular among students in this school. A. open B. opening C. opened D. being opened 4 、I ___ go to the shop today, for there is a lot of food at home. A. mustn't B. had to C. can't D. needn't 5 、Don't ___ excited. A. get B. is C. seem D. look 6 This room ___ every morning. A. is cleaning B. is cleaned C. cleans D. cleaning

C 1、 Glad to meet you! ___ is your full name? A. What B. Where C. How D. Who 2、 He is ___ to lift the heavy box. A. too weak B. weak tooC. enough weak D. weak enough 3、 The days are ___ warmer and warmer in spring. A. getting B. looking C. seeming D. going 4 、His job is____English. A. teach B. to teach C. taught D. teaches 5 、Two balls are___. A. under the desk B. in the wall C. to here D. at desks

D 1 、We should get ready___ others. A. helping B. to help C. help D. help with 2、 ___interesting work we are doing? A. What a B. How C. What D. What an 3、 I want___ a teacher when I grow up . A. to be B. to C. be D. being 4、 -Would you like to go on a picnic with me today? -I don't think so. To be honest, I really don't feel like___on a picnic. A. going B. to go C. go D. went 5 Do you know___? A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where he live D. if where he lives 6 Let ____ do it again. A. I B. me C. he D. she 7 I don't know___. A. how to do B. what to do C. where to do D. when to do

E 1、 I saw him ___ basketball with Jack an hour ago. A. plays B. to play C. played D. play 2、 Sorry, we've kept you___ for a long time. A. waited B. sing C. stand D. waiting 3 、The teacher told us ____ late again. A. aren't be B. don't be C. not to be D. not be 4 、We find the room very___. A. warm B. warmly C. terribly D. hardly

F 1 、I found ___ difficult to work together with him. A. it B. its C. that D. those 2 、We all know ___ our duty to clean our classroom after school every day. A. that B. this C. which D. it 3、 He found ___ very interesting to play with the little dog. A. what B. it C. / D. that G ( ) 1 Tom said he ___ a good dream yesterday evening. A. dream B. dreamed C. have D. has ( ) 2 Children ___ a happy life in China. A. lead B. living C. has D. leading

H ( ) 1 America, Japan and Canada are___countries. A. developing B. developed C. less developed D. develop ( ) 2 -___ skirt is that on the chair? -Let me see. Oh, no, it's not mine. A. Whose B. What C. Who's D. Which ( ) 3 Do you have anything ___? A. saying B. to say C. said D. say ( ) 4 Look, there is an___tree by the wall. A. apple B. apple's C. apples' D. apples ( ) 5 Where is____seat? A. yours B. your C. you D. yourselves

I ( ) 1 The box is ___ heavy for her ___ carry. A. very; to B. too; not to C. too; to D. very too; to 2 -___ did you buy the new bag? -Last Monday. A. Where B. How C. When D. Who 3 You can see these signs in a hospital. ___ can you see them? A. Where else B. Where place else C. Where else place D. Else where 4 They went out ___ their old friends. A. visit B. visiting C. to visit D. visited 5 There is a wide river____ our village. A. outside B. over C. from D. below

Pronunciation B1U2 A subway /'sʌbwei/ n. 地下人行道；<美>地铁 elevator /'eliveitə/ n. 电梯；升降机 petrol /'petrəl/ n. <英>汽油（=<美>gasoline） gas /ɡæs/ n. 汽油；气体；煤气；毒气 official /ə'fiʃl/ adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的 voyage /'vɔiidʒ/ n. 航行；航海 conquer /'kɔŋkə/ vt. 征服；占领 because of 因为；由于 native /'neitiv/ adj. 本国的；本地的n. 本地人；本国人 come up 走近；上来；提出 apartment /ə'pɑ:tmənt/ n. <美>公寓住宅；单元住宅 actually /'æktʃuəli/ adv. 实际上；事实上 base /beis/ vt. 以…为根据 n. 基部；基地；基础 at present 现在；目前

Pronunciation B1U2 B gradual /'ɡrædʒuəl/ adj. 逐渐的；逐步的 gradually /'grædʒuəli/ adv. 逐渐地；逐步地 enrich /in'ritʃ/ vt. 使富裕；充实；改善 vocabulary /və'kæbjuləri/ n. 词汇；词汇量；词表 Shakespeare /ʃeikspiə/ 莎士比亚(英国剧作家，诗人) make use of 利用；使用 spelling /'speliŋ/ n. 拼写；拼法 latter /'lætə/ adj. 较后的；后半的；（两者中）后者的 identity /ai'dentəti/ n. 本身；本体；身份 fluent /'flu:ənt/ adj. 流利的；流畅的 fluently /'flu:əntli/ adv. 流利地；流畅地 government /'gʌvənmənt/ n.政府，政体；管辖 standard /'stændəd/ n. 标准；水准；度量衡标准 such as 例如……；像这种的 frequent /'fri:kwənt/ adj. 频繁的；常见的

初高中衔接—简单句

简单句 要点 1.英语句子的种类与类型 2.陈述句（五种简单句型） 3.陈述句否定式的构成 4.疑问句 1）一般疑问句 2）特殊疑问句 （常用的特殊疑问词和句型） 3）选择疑问句4）反义疑问句 5. There-be存在句 6.主谓一致 7.简单句 并列句 复合句

英语句子的种类与类型 知识概要 I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 There-be存在句 II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句

1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否定式，语序是主语在前，谓语在后。陈述句可以分为以下五种句型： ① 主语+不及物动词。如：I arrived at six last night. ② 主语+及物动词+宾语， 如：I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday. ③ 主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语， 如：Please tell me a story before I go to bed. ④ 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语，如： Please keep the classroom clean and tidy. ⑤ 主语+系动词+表语， 如：The grass turned green in spring.

陈述句谓语动词否定式的构成 (1) 谓语含有助动词、情态动词或连系动词be，则直接加not。 He is (not) playing the guitar. We can (not) get there before dark. (2) 谓语是实义动词，则改为do/does/did not+动词原形。     He plays the violin well. → He doesn’t play the violin well She won the game. → She didn’t win the game. (3) 如果句子是there be结构或谓语动词是have（有），例如： There is some water in the cup. →There is not any water in the cup. He has some books. →He doesn‘t have any books. (4) 除not以外，否定词no, never, nothing, nobody, few等也可构成否定句。 There is something wrong with his bike. →There is nothing wrong with his bike. I have seen the film. →I have never seen the film.

注：否定句的类型 1）半否定句（含hardly, little, few等否定副词） I hardly know anything about it. 2）部分否定句（用all, both, every, each+谓语+not否定，表示“有的是，有的不是”） I don’t like both the films. 3）全否定句（用not, no, never, neither, nor, nothing等来否定 ） I like neither Cathy nor Mary. 4)否定转移(用在含有think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine为主句的句子) I don’t think it will be very cold today

2、疑问句：一般疑问、特殊疑问、选择疑问、反义疑问句 1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，要注意语序。 （1）一般疑问句的基本形式        Do you know Mr. Smith? Can you swim? （2）一般疑问句的否定结构 Are you not a football fan? Aren’t you a football fan? Will she not like it? Won’t she like it?    ( 3 ) 若答语是肯定的，用yes加肯定结构； 若答语是否定的，用no加否定结构。 Aren’t you a football fan? Yes, I am. No, I am not.    Won’t she like it? Yes, she will. No, she won’t.

2）特殊疑问句 疑问代词或疑问副词+一般疑问句 Who is on duty today? How long have you been in Beijing? What time do you get up every morning? What must I do now?

询问内容 疑问词/句型 职业，身份 姓名或关系 相貌特征 星期几 几号，日期 价格 天气 常用的特殊疑问词和句型 询问内容 疑问词/句型 职业，身份 What do/does…do 姓名或关系 Who/what’s …name 相貌特征 what…like? 星期几 what day 几号，日期 what is the date…? 价格 how much/what’s the price 天气 How is the weather  what’s the weather like ?

3）选择疑问句 选择疑问句是说话者提出两种或两种以上的不同情况，让对方选择回答。      Is your bag yellow or black?  It’s black.。      Would you like some tea or coffee?  Either will do.。      Which do you like better, singing or dancing?   I like dancing better. 选择疑问句的构成： (1)以一般疑问句为基础 Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman? Shall I help you or can you manage? (2)以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you prefer, red wine or white? How shall we go there? By bus or by train?

4）反义疑问句        在陈述句之后附加一个意思相反的简短问句。附加问句的否定式必须缩写。如： I am your teacher, aren’t I? He didn’t study hard, did he? （1）句子含否定副词never, hardly或nothing, none no one, nobody, neither, few, little等，附加问句只能用肯定式。如：    He has found nothing, has he? Few people knew the secret, did they? （3）英语回答时只看实际情况，翻译有不同。 ---You won’t be away for long, will you? ---Yes, I will.不，我会的。  ---No, I won’t.是的我不会的。 ---I don’t think she’ll come by bike, will she? ---Yes, she will.不，她会的。  ---No, she won’t.是的，她不会的。 (4) 祈使句的反意疑问句，除由Let’s 开头的要问成 shall we? 以外，其余的都问成will you. （5）主句主语是第一人称，谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

3、祈使句 用来表示命令、请求、建议、号召等的句子，句末用感叹号“！”或句号“.”。 （1）祈使句主语是you时常省略，但强调对方或表达某种强烈的情绪时可以有主语或称呼语。Be quiet. ＝You be quiet! （2）“Do+祈使句”表示一种强烈的感情或请求，do起强调作用。   Do come back at once! Do be careful. （3）在祈使句中，Let’s包括说话者，而Let us不包括听话者在内。  Let’s go skating, shall we?（表示内部的建议） Let us try again, will you?（表示向别人发出请求）   (4) 否定的祈使句通常以Don’t或Never开头。      Never leave today’s work for tomorrow!      Don’t be late next time! Never say die!

4、感叹句 感叹部分+主谓部分 感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐以及惊异等感情的句子。 what引导的感叹句： （1）what + a/an +形容词+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语） What a beautiful city it is! What an interesting story she told! （2）what+形容词+复数可数/不可数+陈述句（主语+谓语） What expensive watches they are! What terrible weather it is! 2．How引导的感叹句： （1）How+形容词/副词+陈述句（主语+谓语） How cold it is! How hard he works! （2）How+陈述句（主语+谓语） How he loves his son!　　　How I miss you! （3）How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+陈述句（主语+谓语） How tall a tree it is! （4）上述两种感叹句可以互相转换。例如： What a clever boy he is!→How clever the boy is! What a cold day it is!→How cold it is!

5、 There-be存在句 1. 基本结构 There be +主语 + 地点 /时间状语。如： There is a computer in the room. 房间里有一台电脑。 There are two TV plays every evening. 每晚有两场电视剧。 2. 主谓一致 就近一致原则 There is a pen, two rulers in the box. There are two boys and a teacher at the school gate. 3. 主语后的动词形式 在there be 句型中，主语与动词是主动关系时用现在分词；是被动关系时用过去分词。如： There is a purse lying on the ground. There are five minutes left now.

5、 There-be存在句 4. 反意疑问句 反意疑问句应与there be对应 　There is a radio on the table, isn't there? There are more than fifty classes in your school, aren't there? 5. there be 与have的替换 　there be表示所属时可与have替换。 　There is nothing but a book in my bag. I have nothing but a book in my bag. 包里只有一本书。 6. there be后接不定式时常用主动形式表示被动意义。如： There is a lot of work to do. 有许多工作要做。 注意：当该句型主语是something, anything, nothing等不定代词时，后面的不定式用主动形式或被动形式，意义各不同。 There is nothing to do. 没有事可做。 There is nothing to be done. 没有办法(束手无策)。

5、 There-be存在句 7. 与其它词连用，构成复合谓语。如： There may be a rain this afternoon. 今天下午可能有雨。 There used to be a cinema here before the war. 8. 变体 there be结构中的be有时可用live, stand, remain等代替。如： Once there lived a king who cared more about new clothes than anything else.

6.主谓一致 在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题，即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。要注意的有如下几点： ① 一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式，如： a singer and dancer VS a singer and a dancer ②有些以 s 结尾的名词要辨真假，如： The news is good (news 为不可数名词)。 ③ 有量词时应按量词的数量计算，如： This pair of glasses is good My glasses are broken.

④ 不定代词 each， either， neither， one， the other， nobody， nothing， anyone， anything， someone， something … 要作为单数，如： Someone is waiting for you ⑤ 表示并列关系的关联词有： both…and, not only … but also, neither … nor, either … or.当它们并列两个主语时，除both …and 谓语动词要用复数以外，其余都要采用就近原则 如: Both my sister and brother are going to the cinema。 Not only my sister but also brother is going to the cinema . Neither my sister nor brother is going to the cinema. Either my sister or brother is going to the cinema

大家来找茬 To read many books are good for you. What he said are right. The rich is not always happy. The school master and writer are coming. The teacher with a lot of students come into the classroom. This pair of glasses are good. One of the boys are going to take part in the match. Half of the work are done. The rest of the students is here.

大家来找茬 The boys each has an apple. Everyone of us has a ticket for the concert. Girls like dancing very much，but few likes playing football. The number of the workers in that factory are sixty. The Chinese is kind and friendly. Ten dollars are a big sum for me. What a hot weather it is!  How hot the weather it is! We have to sing this， haven't we? I want to know where does he live.

暑假作业Ｐ1－6 QA Ｔｉｍｅ

暑假作业Ｐ21－26 QA Ｔｉｍｅ

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See you next time!