A novel blockchain-based product ownership management system (POMS) for anti-counterfeits in the post supply chain Source: IEEE Access, Vol. 5, pp. 17465-17477, Jun. 2017 Author: Kentaroh Toyoda, P. Takis Mathiopoulos, Iwao Sasase, and Tomoaki Ohtsuki Speaker: Ren-Kai Yang Date: 09/06/2018 日本慶應義塾大學 希臘雅典大學

Outline Introduction Related works Proposed scheme Discussion Performance evaluation Conclusions

Introduction(1/2) Manufacturer Distributor Retailer RFID-enabled supply chain Shop Consumer Customer Post supply chain

Introduction(2/2) Enrollment request Administrator(A) Manufacturer(M) Distributor(D) Retailer(R) Shop(S) Consumer(C) Enroll M’s company prefix and address Enroll a product B Check B’s owner Check B’s owner Ship B to D Receive B from M Receive B from S Ship B to R

Blockchain + Smart Contract Related works(1/3) Ethereum = Blockchain + Smart Contract contract Test { uint storedData; // State variable struct Voter { // Struct uint weight; bool voted; address delegate; uint vote; } event HighestBidIncreased(address bidder, uint amount); // Event function func() { // Function if (msg.sender.balance < 10 finney) { msg.sender.send(10 finney); sha256("..."); address nameServer = 0x72ba7d8e73fe8eb666ea66babc8116a41bfb10e2; nameServer.delegatecall("isAvailable", "MyName"); nameServer.call("register", "MyName");

Related works(2/3) 2. Get products from vending machine 1. Use money buy products from vending machine

Related works(3/3) Source: https://medium.com/@ksin751119

Proposed scheme(1/6) Manufacturers Manager(MM) EPC Administrator(A) Manufacturer(M) EPC 製造廠商會向公司進行競標 完成後簽約 確認這個產品的製造是授權的 其他的製造商不能仿冒它有製造的權利 那註冊的內容會是公司行號的號碼 還有商品的條碼

Proposed scheme(2/6) Products Manager(PM) enrollProduct() shipProduct() receiveProduct() getCurrentOwner() 產品的所有權轉移 從商品的註冊到最後售出 Manufacturer(M) Distributor(D) Retailer(R) Shop(S) Consumer(C)

Proposed scheme(3/6) Products Manager(PM) enrollProduct() shipProduct() receiveProduct() getCurrentOwner() Transfer的次數限制 因為完成整個程序會給予商家鼓勵提供正確的服務，為了防止有人用這種方式賺取獎勵 每個物品會有所有權轉移的次數，這邊就沒有設計這個次數要多少比較合理，這部分會依照物品的種類和價值決定。 Manufacturer(M) EPC

Proposed scheme(4/6) Products Manager(PM) enrollProduct() shipProduct() receiveProduct() getCurrentOwner() 所有權的轉移 產品的EPC確實存在 而且狀態為owned Manufacturer(M) Distributor(D) Retailer(R) Shop(S)

Proposed scheme(5/6) Products Manager(PM) enrollProduct() shipProduct() receiveProduct() getCurrentOwner() EPC

Proposed scheme(6/6) Products Manager(PM) enrollProduct() shipProduct() receiveProduct() getCurrentOwner()

Discussion Protocol verification Owner’s privacy The seller possesses counterfeits with fake EPCs. The seller possesses counterfeits and knows their true EPCs but does not posses their ownership. The seller owns the genuine product and its ownership and possesses a number of its counterfeits too. Owner’s privacy Impersonation avoidance Customer participation

Performance evaluation

Conclusions Publicly Privacy Cost

Appendix-MM enrollManufacturer() getManufacturerAddress()

Appendix-PM enrollProduct() shipProduct() and receiveProduct()

Appendix-PM