不定詞 動名詞 動名詞 不定詞 原作者:余綺芳、蔡佳潁、林平 write.scu.edu.tw/file/grammar/gerund.ppt
找出句中後面接動名詞(紅色)及不定詞(橘色)的主要動詞(藍色字體) ? Dear Grandma, How are you doing? I want you to know that everythingis fine at school now. At first I didn’t like English because it was so difficult. Then Mom suggested taking extra classes after school. I didn’t want to take extra classes but I did it anyway because I wanted to pass the test.
I began taking English online classes three months ago. At first, I didn’t like having to miss all the fun things my friends do—soccer practice, picnics, trips to the park, but now I really enjoy studying English. I learned to solve all sorts of grammar questions and, guess what! I passed my test. But I’m planning to take another course—for A students. If I continue studying this hard, I’ll be better than the teacher! I promise to write again soon. Are you coming to Jason’s party? I hope to see you there. Love, Alex.
什麼是不定詞(Infinitive) ? 不定詞=「to +原形動詞」 用法與動名詞非常相似,所以常被混淆。 注意! 特別區分不定詞與 in order to 的用法 I want (及物動詞)to go.當受詞 He studies (不及物動詞) to pass the exam.當目的 注意!
動名詞: 兼具「動詞的意義」與「名詞的用法 」的詞類,也就是動詞名詞化。 什麼是 動名詞(Gerund) ? 動名詞: 兼具「動詞的意義」與「名詞的用法 」的詞類,也就是動詞名詞化。 Ex. eating 原本是一個動詞,但加上 ing 之後,它現在可以當做名詞來使用。
現在讓我們一起來看看如何使用他們吧! 名詞 動名詞具有 的性質 不定詞也具有名詞的功能,因而 它們兩者都可以用作 1. 主詞 2. 受詞 3. 主詞或受詞補語
英文基本句型 S + V + O S V O I like her. I like swimming I like to swim swim本來是動詞 “游泳”, 為了變成名詞(才能放在like的後面當受詞), 因此要變成 to swim(不定詞), 及swimming (動名詞), 改了以後, 意思沒變, 但詞性變成名詞了! Point 1 每個句子都只能有一個主要動詞 Point 2 只有名詞可以當主詞(S)和受詞(O) S V O I like her. I like swimming I like to swim
不定詞當 主詞 時 不定詞當主詞時,放在句首。 例句 1. To see is to believe. 不定詞當 主詞 時 不定詞當主詞時,放在句首。 例句 1. To see is to believe. 2. To drink a cup of coffee is great. Practice: To be on time is important.
動名詞當 主詞 的用法 動名詞 當 主詞 時, 強調的是動作, 指的是一件事,應是為單數,與單數動詞連用。 1. 2. 動名詞當 主詞 的用法 動名詞 當 主詞 時, 強調的是動作, 指的是一件事,應是為單數,與單數動詞連用。 1. 2. Playing baseball is fun. Playing baseball with my friends is fun. Watching TV is interesting. Watching TV makes me happy. Practice: Reading good novels is important. Reading novels does you good.
下列動詞後面只能接動名詞,不可接不定詞喔! 動名詞當受詞的用法 Note: 有些動詞後面如果接著介詞時, 記得在介詞後面,如果要用 動詞也要加 ing 喔!! V + 介 + n. Ving 下列動詞後面只能接動名詞,不可接不定詞喔! 注意! avoid(避免) enjoy(享受) give up(放棄) practice(練習) quit(放棄) spend(花時間) mind(介意) + Ving
例句 1. I spend two hours reading this novel. 2. Tom enjoys playing baseball. Practice: Would you mind lending me some novels?
2. 不定詞當 受詞 hope help plan promise tell want would like 2. 不定詞當 受詞 注意! 下列動詞後面須接不定詞 appear ask decide expect hope help plan promise tell want would like 值日生
不定詞當 受詞 的句型 主詞 + 動詞 + to + 原形動詞 例句: I would like . 不定詞當 受詞 的句型 主詞 + 動詞 + to + 原形動詞 不定詞 例句: I would like . 2. My mom wants me _________ hard. Practice: They ask me ________basketball with them. 值日生 to go home to study to play
動名詞作為 主詞的補語 Seeing is believing. (眼見為憑) 通常只有在主詞也是Ving時, 才會補語也用Ving (believing) 作為(主詞seeing) 的補語,補充說明主詞。 通常只有在主詞也是Ving時, 才會補語也用Ving 說明
不定詞作為 主詞的補語 To see is to believe. (眼見為憑) 說明 (to believe) 作為(主詞to see) 的補語,補充說明主詞。 2. To teach is to learn. (教學相長) 說明 (to teach)作為(主詞to learn) 的補語,補充說明主詞。
Answer Key suggest + gerund enjoy + gerund want + infinitive plan + infinitive promise + infinitive hope + infinitive begin + infinitive/gerund continue + infinitive/gerund like + infinitive/gerund learn + Infinitive/gerund