CEMENT DE-NOx APPLICATION IN EUROPE 欧洲水泥工业脱硝应用介绍

1) The European Cement Industry 欧洲水泥工业现状

Manufacturing Technologies 生产技术 Capacity from 1 000 to 5500 t/d 处理能力从1000到5500 t/d Technology 技术类别 Pre Heater Towers 预热塔 Pre Calciner Towers 预分解窑 Lepol Gates 立波尔窑 Long kilns 长转窑 SNCR technology for NOx reduction is applicable on these technologies both dry and wet. SNCR脱硝技术同时适用于干法和湿法

DENOX STATUS 行业脱硝现状 283 Cement Manufacturing lines (2009) 283家水泥生产线 The majority of the plants in West Europe are equipped with SNCR technology 西欧大部分水泥厂都配备SNCR系统 First installations made 20 years ago. 20年前安装了第一套SNCR系统 One SCR installation 目前仅有一套水泥SCR系统

2) The European NOx Legislation 欧盟关于Nox排放的相关规范

EU directive for Cement Plants not using waste as fuel 以非废弃物作为燃料的水泥厂的欧盟指令 For plants using dry technology with heat recovery 工厂采用干法（带余热回收） 1 200 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average For plants using half dry technology 工厂采用半干法 1 500 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average For plants using wet or dry technology without heat recovery 工厂采用湿法和干法（不带废热回收） 1 800 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

EU directive 2000/76/EU for Waste incineration in Cement Plants 2000/76/EU以废物焚烧水泥厂的欧盟指令 FOR PREHEATER & PRE-CALCINER TECHNOLOGY For older plants using maximum 40% waste as fuel 使用40%以下废物作燃料的现有工厂 800 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average Locally more strict rules 当地更严格的法规 For newer plants using maximum 40% waste as fuel 使用40%以下废物作燃料的新建工厂 500 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average For all plants using more than 40% waste as fuel 使用超过40%以上废物作燃料的工厂 Local rules pointing at 200 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average 局部地区更严格规定24小时的平均值是200 mg/Nm3

Typical Type of Waste used 使用废物的典型类型 1. Tires 轮胎 2. Plastic fluff 塑料绒毛 3. Waste oils 废油 4. Animal fat 动物脂肪 5. House hold waste 生活垃圾 6. Wood 木材

Future Trend 未来的趋势 Long kilns shall apply 800 mg/Nm3 长转窑应采用800 mg/Nm3 Pre heater and Pre calciner Towers shall apply 500 mg/Nm3 预热器和预分解窑应采用500 mg/Nm3 Locally more strict rules pointing at 200 mg/Nm3 局部更严格的法规是200 mg/Nm3

3) The SNCR Process in Cement Plants 水泥厂SNCR工艺

Two reagents compare 两种还原剂对比 Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH) 氨水 Reaction is more direct 反应更直接 Higher NOx reductions 高效的去除率 Lower ammonia slip 较低氨逃逸 Higher chemical reaction efficiency 较高的化学反应效率 Urea solution ((NH2)2CO) 尿素 Reaction more complex 反应更复杂 Formation of laughing gas（N2O） 形成笑气(温室气体） Lower NOx reductions 较低的去除率 Higher ammonia slip 较高的氨逃逸 Higher CO formation 较高的CO形成

Effect of the temperature 温度的影响

Injection locations is key 喷射位置至关重要

Injector itself is key 喷枪的重要性

4) What NOx reduction can be achieved? 能达到的NOx去除率？

Urea or ammonium hydroxide? 尿素或氨水？

70-90 % NOx reduction possible with SNCR technology using ammonium-hydroxide. SNCR用氨水可达到70-90%的NOx去除率 30-40 % NOx reduction possible with SNCR technology using urea. SNCR用尿素可达到30-40%的NOx去除率 60-85% chemical efficiency possible with SNCR technology using ammonium-hydroxide. SNCR用氨水可达到60-85%的化学效率 20-40 % chemical efficiency possible with SNCR technology using urea SNCR用尿素可达到20-40%的化学效率

Cost saving – example 费用对比-举例 Evaluation of the difference in cost using 40% urea / 25% ammonium hydroxide as reagent: 40%的尿素和25%的氨水的使用耗量评估 Flue gas flow（烟气流量） : 300.000 Nmc/h @10% O2, dry NOx baseline（基准值） : 1000 mg/Nmc @10% O2, dry NOx target（目标值1） : 750 mg/Nmc @10% O2, dry (25% reduction) NOx target （目标值2） : 450 mg/Nmc @10% O2, dry (55% reduction) Hours / year （年运行时间） : 7200 hours /year Cost of reagent（还原剂单价） : 160 Euro/ton (for each reagent) Reagent 还原剂 Reduction Consumption year [ton] 每年耗量 Estimated cost / year Urea 40% 25% 3168 € 506.880,00 55% 7524 € 1.203.840,00 NH4OH 25% 1029 € 164.586,24 2424 € 387.878,40 Reduction Cost saving/year 25% € 342.293,76 55% € 815.961,60

6) DENOX TECHNOLOGY 脱硝技术选择

CONCLUSION 结论 SNCR technology with ammonium-hydroxide capable to meet most stringent NOx reduction needs 使用氨水的SNCR技术能够满足最严格的NOx的降低需求 SCR much more expensive. Only a few installations in the world SCR投资和运营成本过高。全球范围内仅仅有少量的安装

China representation 大中华区全权代表 Petro Miljö AB (SNCR) TECHSPRAY (Coopertor in China) 上海泰欣 （PM大中华区SNCR唯一技术集成商） HK 香港 PRC 大陆· MACAO 澳门 TAIWAN 台湾

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION Xiamen 29 October 2011 Bengt Hellmansson Petro Miljö AB