非常時代 非常領導
前言 Serenity Prayer God, grant me the SERENITY to accept the things I cannot change, COURAGE to change the things I can, and the WISDOM to know the difference. 祈求上帝 賜予寧靜,面對不能改變的事實; 賜予勇氣,逆轉能夠改變的情勢; 賜予智慧,分辨能與不能的界線? --尼布爾(R. Neibuhr)
壹、Best Leadership Quotes... Top 10 List of Favorites (1) Favorite Leadership Quotes #1 Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things. ~ Peter F. Drucker Favorite Leadership Quotes #2 Don't tell people how to do things, tell them what to do and let them surprise you with their results. ~ George S. Patton Favorite Leadership Quotes #3 Leadership is the art of getting someone else to do something you want done because he wants to do it. ~ Dwight Eisenhower
Best Leadership Quotes... Top 10 List of Favorites (2) Favorite Leadership Quotes #4 A leader is a dealer in hope. ~ Napoleon Bonaparte Favorite Leadership Quotes #5 I must follow the people. Am I not their leader? ~ Benjamin Disraeli Favorite Leadership Quotes #6 The leadership instinct you are born with is the backbone. You develop the funny bone and the wishbone that go with it. ~ Elaine Agather
Best Leadership Quotes... Top 10 List of Favorites (3) Favorite Leadership Quotes #7 Delegating work works, provided the one delegating works, too. ~ Robert Half Favorite Leadership Quotes #8 Only one man in a thousand is a leader of men -- the other 999 follow women. ~ Groucho Marx Favorite Leadership Quotes #9 The very essence of leadership is that you have to have vision. You can't blow an uncertain trumpet. ~ Theodore M. Hesburgh
Best Leadership Quotes... Top 10 List of Favorites (4) Favorite Leadership Quotes #10 The best executive is the one who has sense enough to pick good men to do what he wants done, and self-restraint to keep from meddling with them while they do it. ~ Theodore Roosevelt General definition: Leadership is a process through which a person tries to get organizational members to do something that the person desires.
貳、領導的核心:希望 1. A leader is a dealer in hope. --Napoleon Bonaparte 2. In our factory we make cosmetics. In the store we sell hope. --Charles Revson, founder of Revlon 3. Boss v.s. Leader A boss creates fear, a leader confidence. A boss fixes blame, a leader corrects mistakes. A boss knows all, a leader asks questions. A boss makes work drudgery, a leader makes it interesting. A boss is interested in himself or herself, a leader is interested in the group. --Russel H. Ewing
參、 Leader v.s. Manager Warren Bennis 以對比的方式釐清領導者與管理者的差異。這十一個項目內容,如下所述: 1.領導者重革新,管理者重執行; 2.領導者是原件(original),管理者是影本(copy); 3.領導者重開創,管理者重守成; 4.領導者強調組織成員的重要性,管理者強調制度結構的重要性; 5.領導者能激發成員信任,管理者仰賴法令控制; 6.領導者著眼遠程,管理者關切近程; 7.領導者探究內容與原因,管理者探究方法與時限; 8.領導者放眼寬廣的地平線,管理者定睛重直的底線; 9.領導者挑戰現狀,管理者安於現狀; 10.領導者充分自主不受約束,管理者嚴守紀律服從法令; 11.領導者達成正確的目標(do the right things),管理者以正確的方式達成目標(do the things right)。
肆、Transformational leaders 的行為特徵 1.展現強勢的未來願景 2.善用故事與符號,傳達願景與訊息 3.重視目標意識與集體任務 4.具備樂觀熱情的談吐,充分展現成目標的信心 5.以正確的決策贏得部屬的信任與尊敬 6.領導者讓部屬引以為榮 7.持續表達領導者最重視的價值觀與信念 8.考量重大決策的道德、倫理的後續影響 9.設法尋求不同的觀點以解決問題 10.鼓勵部屬挑戰舊有成規,以新穎方式思考問題 11.撥冗教育部屬,以身作則 12.顧及部屬的個別差異、工作能力與動機 13.回應部屬要求,適度表達謝意,不吝表揚讚賞部屬的成就
伍、《從輝煌到凐滅》執行長七大惡習 1.過度自我膨脹,認為自己能夠完全主導外在環境。 2.假公濟私,視機關組織的利益為個人利益的延伸。 3.官大學問大的心態,自以為知道所有問題的答案。 4.唯我獨尊,以剝奪或鬥爭手段排除異己消除異議。 5.角色混淆,化身機關組織的最佳代言人, 以組織資源塑 造個人形象。 6.輕忽細微疏漏的嚴重性,導致全面潰堤挫敗。 7.迷信過去的成功模式,罔顧環境變遷, 堅持複製舊有的運作方式。
陸、能趨疲與集體盲思(Entropy and Groupthink) 1. 剛愎自用的假象 (An illusion of invulnerability) 2. 合理化的固執(Rationalization) 3. 泛道德的約束(An assumption of morality) 4. 負面的刻板印象(Negative stereotyping) 5. 屈從的壓力(Pressure to conform) 6. 自我監督(Self-censorship) 7. 團結一致的假象(An illusion of unanimity) 8. 心靈的守護神(Mind guards)
柒、正面領導與負面領導 一、正面領導行為特徵 (一)、注意力的管理(MGT of attention) (二)、意念的管理(MGT of meaning) (三)、信任度的管理(MGT of trust) (四)、自我的管理(MGT of self) 二、負面領導行為特徵 (一)、「過份簡化」的選擇 (二)、「決不認錯」的心境 (三)、「固步自封」的態度 (四)、「自以為是」的決策 (五)、「報喜不報憂」的偏好
捌、非常領導的七項特質 一、幻影中見真實 二、愚昧中見智慧 三、謙卑中見權力 四、柔軟中見剛強 五、錯誤中見真理 六、絕境中見生機 七、服侍中見領導
玖、定向與定位(locus and focus) 悲觀者抱怨風向, 樂觀者期待轉向, 務實者調整方向。 --美國教育家‧威廉華德 The pessimist complains about the wind; the optimist expects it to change; the realist adjusts the sails. --William Ward