Grammar and usage Module 5 Unit 2 Learning aims: 1. To grasp the usages of the –ing form and the –ing phrase. 2. To grasp the usages of the perfect and passive form 3. To finish some exercises about the –ing form. 1

非谓语动词 不定式 过去分词 动名词 -ing 形式 现在分词

Verb-ing form

现在分词(present participle) 现在分词的形式与动名词相同，但功能不同。可在句中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。

现在分词的时态与语态 主动语态 被动语态 形式 时间概念 doing 1）动作正在进行 2）动作与谓语动作同时发生 being done having done 分词动作发生在谓语动作之前 having been done

1. 作定语 an interesting book the man sitting by the window boiling water falling snow the bridge being built A. 与动名词作定语的区别 B. 与过去分词,不定式 作定语的区别 ①现在分词作定语表示动作正在发生，与修饰词是主谓关系。过去分词做定语与其修饰词之间是动宾关系或过去分词表示的动作以完成。 ② 不定式作定语表示将要发生的动作。 the house being built/to be built/built正在被建/将要被建/建好了的房子

作定语时，与现在分词的区别 动名词作定语表名词的作用或功能，现在分词 作定语表名词正在进行的动作。 现在分词 动名词 a sleeping child一个正在睡觉的孩子 a sleeping car一辆卧车 a flying bird一只正在飞翔的鸟 a flying course飞行课程 a swimming girl一个正在游泳的女孩 a swimming pool一个游泳池 the running water自来水 the running track跑道

boiling water 正在沸腾的水 boiled water 开水 the changing world 变化中的世界 the changed world 变化了的世界 the developing countries 发展中国家 the developed countries 发达国家 falling leaves 正在落下的叶子 fallen leaves 落叶 rising sun 正在升起的太阳 risen sun 已经升起的太阳

Consolidation The verb-ing forms in these sentences are all used as the attribute. Can you change the following attributive clauses into verb-ing form? 1). A taxi which is waiting is around the corner. Go and take it. A waiting taxi is around the corner. Go and take it. 2).It is said that nothing that lives can be found on Mars. It is said that no living things can be found on Mars. 3).The boy who was smiling ran to his mother. The smiling boy ran to his mother.

4).The woman who is coming to dinner this evening works in the bank. The woman coming to dinner this evening works in the bank. 5).The young man who is looking at the map is lost. The young man looking at the map is lost. 6).The man who is performing in the street can play five musical instruments. The man performing in the street can play five musical instruments.

2 .作表语 与过去分词作表语的区别 凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。

interesting使人感兴趣的 interested感兴趣的 　　exciting令人激动的 excited感到激动的 　　delighting令人高兴的 delighted感到高兴的 　　disappointing令人失望的 disappointed感到失望的 　　encouraging令人鼓舞的 encouraged感到鼓舞的 　　pleasing令人愉快的 pleased感到愉快的 　　puzzling令人费解的 puzzled感到费解的 　　satisfying令人满意的 satisfied感到满意的 　　surprising令人惊异的 surprised感到惊异的 　　worrying令人担心的 worried感到担心的

Travelling is interesting but tiring. 如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。 旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。 Travelling is interesting but tiring. 如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。 The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much. 　他的论点很令人信服。 The argument is very convincing.

3.作补语 find, see, look at, notice, observe, watch …; leave, have, make, get, set …doing; catch …doing Can you get the machine going again? The boys were seen walking on the grass.

4.作状语 时间 方式;伴随;补充说明 原因 结果 条件 让步 1 .Seeing the teacher entering the room, the students stood up. 2. Having written the letter, John went to the post office. 3.He expressed his satisfaction, adding that he would come again. 4.On seeing the snake, the girl let out a cry, frightened. 5. Being a student, he was interested in sports. 6.Having been translated into simple English, the poem is easy to understand. 7.She dropped the cup, breaking it into pieces. 8.Turning left, you’ll find the post office. 9.Having said that, not everyone can agree on the meaning of friendship and what makes a good friend. 时间 方式;伴随;补充说明 原因 结果 条件 让步

现在分词作状语时，注意如下几点： 1.相当于相应的从句,不可与主句间用并列连词and, or, but等连接 2.分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语一致 3.插入语现象(generally speaking; judging from…) 4.独立主格结构 5.现在分词作状语时有不同的时态与语态 6.非谓语动词的否定式均为not+非谓语动词 7.否定式: not+分词 8.连词+分词现象(when, while, once, even if/though, though, as if)

Multiple choice: 1.—Where is my passport? I remember 　　　　　　　　it here. 　—You shouldn‘t have left it here. Remember __________　　　　　　　　it with you all the time. 　A. to put；to take　 B. putting；taking 　 C. putting；to take　 D. to put；taking 2.After finishing his homework he went on__________　　　　　　　　a letter to his parents. 　A. write　 B. writing　C. wrote　　　 D. to write 3.Only 　　　　　　　　　English doesn't mean________ 　　　　　　　　　the language. 　A. to learn；to learn 　 B. learning；learning 　C. learning about；learn 　 D. learning about；learning

4. Would you mind quiet for a moment. I'm trying ___________a form. A 4.Would you mind 　　　　　　　　　quiet for a moment? I'm trying ___________a form. 　A. keeping；filling out 　 B. to keep；to fill out 　C. keeping；to fill out 　 D. to keep；filling out 5. 　　　　　　　　 the news of his father's death, he burst into tears. 　A. After hearing 　 B. On hearing 　C. While hearing　　 D. Having heard 6.Our father often told us in the past that _____is believing. A. to see B. seeing C. see D. to be seen

7._____is a good of exercise for both the young and the old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 8.There was a terrible noise _______the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 9. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night. A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned 10._________a reply, he decided to write a sixth letter. A. Not receiving B. Not to receive C. Not having received D. Having not received

链接高考 1. Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to ______ some schools for poor children. A. set up B. setting up C. have set up D. having set up 2. I really appreciate _________ to relax with you on this nice island. A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to have time 3. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _________ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting

4．________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. The president will attend The president to attend The president attended The president’s attending 5．Victor apologized for _______ to inform me of the change in the plan. A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able 6. Alice returned from the manager’s office _______me that the boss wanted to see me at once. A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling

7._______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited 8.The flowers ______sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of name. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 9. The old man, ______abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherland. A. to work B. working C. to have worked D. having worked

10. He looked around and caught a man _______ his hand into the pocket into a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 11. The storm left,___________a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused 12. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, __________away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran

13. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview 13. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. __________the answers ready will be of great help. A.To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having 14. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ____________. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 15. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked

16. Lionel Messi, ______ the record for the most goals in a calendar year, is considered the most talented football player in Europe. A. set B. setting c. to set D. having set 17. My cousin came to see me from the country, ___________ me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. bought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought 18. Tom sounds very much _________ in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it. A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. interestedly

19. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said 20. —There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man. —My goodness! I can’t imagine _________ that old. A. to be B. to have been C. being D. having been

Homework 1.Review the use of “verb-ing form”. 2.Finish the related exercise.

Thank you！