Unit11 Vital Signs Cui Jin-Bo Department of Respiratory Medicine West China Hospital Sichuan University

Outline Vital Signs ——Body temperature ——Pulse ——Respiration ——Blood pressure Factors influence V/S

Objectives ★ Interpret the key terms of V/S State the normal limits of V/S Identify factors influence V/S ★

Introduction Body temperature, pulse, respiration, and Blood pressure are the vital signs. Vital adj.维持生命所必需的 Vit- =life 生命 Vitality n.生命力 Vitamin n.维生素

Body temperature Tools: glass thermometer electronic thermometer (instruments) electronic thermometer disposable thermometer

Body temperature Places: the mouth , the rectum, the axilla e.g. The patient's temperature should be obtained by rectum. axilla 复数— n. axillae axillary — adj. 腋窝的 There are palpable mobile axillary nodes.

Body temperature thermometer n.体温计 thermo- =heat 热 - meter =measure 测量 To take the temperature, we use a thermometer. thermometer n.体温计 thermo- =heat 热 - meter =measure 测量 thermodynamic adj.热动力学 thermonuclear adj.高热原子核反应的

THERMOS

Body temperature contraindicated v.治疗不当 contraindication n.禁忌症 The oral method is contraindicated for a small child. contraindicated v.治疗不当 This drug is contraindicated in patients with asthma. contraindication n.禁忌症

℉ & ℃ ℉ = ℃ × 9/5 + 32 ℃ = 5/9 × (℉－32) Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit 1686～1736 Anders Celsius，1701～1744

Have a try: What factors will affect the temperature? Please read and translate the paragraph.

Pulse bradycardia n.心动过缓 brady- =slow 慢 tachycardia n.心动过速 Normally the pulse rate for an adult is between 60 to 100 times per minute. bradycardia n.心动过缓 brady- =slow 慢 tachycardia n.心动过速 tachy- =rapid 快 card- =heart,心脏,一致 electrocardiogram the quality and rhythm of the pulse

Pulse Measure the apical pulse with a stethoscope.  :a medical instrument for listening to the sounds generated inside the body. apical pulse 心尖搏动 radial artery 桡动脉

Respiration CO2= carbon dioxide inhale vt. 吸入 吸气 exhale vt. 呼出 呼气 hal- = breathe 呼吸 CO2= carbon dioxide di- =two; double 两个；双 使…变成,分开,离开 dichromatic divorce divide

Respiration dyspnea n.呼吸困难 dys- = difficult 困难 -pnea = breathe 呼吸 The patient having difficulty in breathing is said to have dyspnea. dyspnea n.呼吸困难 dys- = difficult 困难 -pnea = breathe 呼吸 dysfunction n.功能紊乱 dysuria n. 排尿困难 apnea n.无呼吸 hyperpnea n. 呼吸过度

Blood pressure mmHg= millimeters of mercury 毫米汞柱 hypertension n.高血压 Both systolic and diastolic pressures are recorded. mmHg= millimeters of mercury 毫米汞柱 Blood pressure is written as 120/80 mmHg. hypertension n.高血压 hypotension n. 血压过低

Useful expressions 偏离正常值： 入院： 出院： 体格检查： 温度计： 血压计： 秒表： 血压120/80

Useful expressions 研究表明： 随年龄增加而降低 心动过缓是指： 心动过速是指： 被认为是： 被定义为： Studies indicate… decreases as age incresese Bradycardia describes… Tachycardia refers to … be considered … be defined as …

Summary Vital Signs Factors influence V/S ——Body temperature ——Pulse ——Respiration ——Blood pressure Factors influence V/S