Liyun Hu (Public management school Yunnan university) 口述历史： 拓展本土文化资源收藏的新途径 ——以“天祝口述历史与文化实录项目”为视点 Oral History and Native Culture Preservation—Our View of the Oral History Preservation Projects at Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County 胡立耘 (云南大学公共管理学院) Liyun Hu (Public management school Yunnan university) 蒋国栋 (甘肃省天祝县第一中学) (Guodong Jiang NO.1school in Tianzhu county,Gansu)

口述历史是本土文化资源建设的重要手段。开展口述历史项目不仅有利于本土文化活态资源的搜集和收藏，而且能促进本土文化资源的整体收藏水平和服务水平。 Oral History is an important way to construct local culture resource. Oral History project is benefit for collecting local live culture resource, and promoting the collection and the service of local culture resource

本文以由青树基金会资助，甘肃省天祝县第一中学开展的口述历史与文化实录项目为例，探讨面向本土文化的口述历史项目开展的条件及实施的步骤、方法。 This paper is supported by Evergreen Take the oral history and culture record project carried out by No.1 shchool of Tianzhu County Gansu as an example,discuss the conditions,steps and ways of starting oral history project.

一、项目背景 Background of Project. 二、项目主题 Theme of Project 三、项目实施的过程与内容 Procedures and Contents of Project 四、启示 Enlightenments

一、项目背景 天祝藏族自治县是全国最早实行民族区域自治的县，地处青藏、黄土、内蒙古三大高原的交汇地带，聚居着藏、汉、土、回、蒙古等十六个民族，汉文化与藏文化、土族文化等少数民族文化多元交汇，地理位置和人文环境独特，历史悠久，文化资源丰富。 Tianzhu Tibetan Autonomous County is the first couty implementd the Regional National Autonomy Policy.There are 16 nationalities dwell in Tianzhu.Chinese culture mix together with minority nationality culture,Tianzhu has rich cultural resource.

天祝一中位于本县中心华藏寺镇，是本县办学历史悠久、教育资源丰富、教学质量高的完全中学。 No.1school is located in the center of the county---Huazang town. This school has long history, and rich educational resource, and high educational quality.

二、项目主题(Theme of project) 主题的三大系列：Three series of Theme 追寻逝去的背影 ——民间文化实录 Searching for the lost figure--- record of folk culture 开启尘封的记忆——社会生活大观 Open the memory in storage---view of the social life 记录当下的状态——校园情境深描 Record the live state--- description of Schoolife 五个维度（Five elements ） 人、事、物、时、地（who ,what,object,when,where）

已开展的项目（ Existing project ） 藏族、土族文化学者、教育家刁桑吉访谈 Interview of Tibetan、 Tu Nationality culture scholar，educationlist:Diao Sangji 民俗研究者、教育家蒋明德 访谈 Interview of Folk Customs scholar,educationlist:Jiang Mingde 安召说唱艺人丁胜才访谈 Interview of Singing Artists :Ding Shengcai 藏族酒曲演唱实录（演唱者）代吉尕 Live record of Tibetan drink song sing:Dai Jiga

三、实施过程与内容 Procedures and Contents of Project

1、组建团队 1.Form a team 多种功能教师团队 Teacher team with lots of capabilities 具有一定时间规划和梯队的学生群体 Students team with a certain time plan and echelon.

2、培训 Training 培训内容(content of training) 口述历史培训(training of oral history) 地方文化培训(training of local culture) 信息技术培训(training of information technology) 培训方式(ways of training) 自学(self-study) 暑期培训班(summer school) 讲座(lecture) 观摩试验访谈(watch and study an testing interviw)

3、背景研究 (study backgrounds) 查找图书馆资源、网络资源 Searching in the library and online resource. 征询知情者和相关人士 Ask the insiders and others.

4、实施访谈 (Implementation of Interview) 访谈流程(procedures of interview) 访谈技巧(skill of interview) 访谈文件(documents of interview) 访谈大纲(outline of interview) 法律授权书(a power letter of attorney) 工作日志(daily log)

5、访谈成果处理 (interview outcome processing) 录音文件(sound recording file ) 录像文件(video recording file) 抄本(transcript) 来自受访者的赠品、出借品(presents from interviewee) 对受访者的藏品或资料的翻拍文件(copying files of collection and documents of interviewee) 保存并备份数字文件(save and back up digital file) 实体文件进行归档(archive entity document)

6、信息系统建设 information system construction 网站功能 function of website 包括数据的长期保存、互动社区、资源征集、在线展示、电子刊物、信息检索等。 Including long period storage of data, Interactive communities, resource collecting, online exhibition, digital publication, information retrieval. 数字社区档案软件(digital communities file sofeware) 元数据方案(metadata plan) 以都柏林核心集（Dublin Core Set）为参照，根据项目本身的特点加以微调，确定了十五个元素,即：记录号、题名、内容创建者、其他参与者、来源、内容描述、覆盖范围、文献类型、格式、语言、主题、关系、权限管理、典藏位置、背景。

每个采访单元、参访单元中每个文件组、每个文件组中的每个文件都有各自独立的元数据描述。 Metadata plan Take Dublin Core Set for reference, change according to the characteristic of project, definite 15 elements: record number, title, source,type,language,theme etc. 每个采访单元、参访单元中每个文件组、每个文件组中的每个文件都有各自独立的元数据描述。 Every interview unit, every file has independent metadata description of every file group in every interview unit,

7、成果推广 (popularize the achievements) 在线推广(online popularization) 展览(exhibition) 刊物(publication) 地方文化展示厅(Local culture showroom)

四、启示(Enlightenments) 口述历史项目中可附加文化实录，以全方位显示本土文化的历史、现状、传承； Oral history project could add culture record, show the history, current situation and Lineage of local culture in its entirety 口述历史项目应立足本土，服务于本土； Oral history project should develop on the native land, serve for it.

口述历史项目具有教育功能，能促进参与者的本土文化认同和能力建设，并保障了项目的可持续性。 Oral history has an educational function, facilitates the participant’s understanding of local cultural identity，ensures the sustainability of the projects.

例：“狐火”之火种