现在完成时

现在完成时 1.I have just done my homework. 2.Who has taken my pen? 现在完成时表示过去的动作或存在的状对现在造成的影响或结果，过去的这个动作或状态也有可能持续下去。 1.I have just done my homework. 2.Who has taken my pen? 3.He has lived here since 1992. 4.The bus has just left. 5.They have seen the film already.

一．现在完成时的构成 1.I have had lunch already. 2.She has bought some books “主语+助动词have / has + 动词过去分词”。当主语是第三人称单数形式时，要用助动词has,其他形式主语时用助动词have 1.I have had lunch already. 2.She has bought some books 3.The building has been built for three years

二．现在完成时的用法： 1.We have already known each other. 1.表示一个动作刚刚结束或完成，但这个动作所造成的状态或影响依然存在，即表示过去的动作对现在的影响或结果，强调现在的情况，常与副词just, already, yet 连用。（注意：already多用于肯定句或疑问句中，yet常用于疑问句或否定句句尾。） 1.We have already known each other. 2. I have just washed my face. 3.  I haven’t read your novel yet.

2 .表示从过去到现在曾经发生过或经历过某事，表达一种经验或经历，常与副词ever, never, once, twice, before等连用 1. Have you ever seen him before? 2. We have ever been to Hainan many times. 3. I have never seen you before.

3.常与for或since连用。For后接一段时间；since 后接过去的点时间或表示过去时间的时间状语从句。 1. It hasn’t rained since two months ago. 2. He has been in Beijing for over ten years. 3. How many words have you learned since you came here?

They have been in this country for more than 3 years. The concert has been on for half an hour. They have been off for a long time.

三.使用现在完成时应注意的几点： 1. have (has)been to 表示“曾经去过或到过某地”，表示一种经历，现在可能还在那里，也可能不在那里了。它可以与ever, never, once, twice等连用。 1. I have been to Australia three times.  2. Has she ever been there?

2. have (has) gone to表示“某人去某地了”说明那个人不在说话处，其主语常用第三人称。 I didn’t see your father. Where is he? He has gone to Australia.

2.点（瞬间）动词或非延续性动词： for +一段时间，since引导的表示一段时间的时间状语  buy, borrow, leave, join, die, arrive, come, go, begin, start, get, become, lose等，它们不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如： for +一段时间，since引导的表示一段时间的时间状语

用延续性动词或状态动词代替非续性动词。 1.I have kept the book for a month. buy--have /  borrow---keep/ become—be  /die—bedead /marry----be married/ start(begin)---be on/ end (finish)----be over/ join------ be in/ arrive(reach, get to,)---be in/ leave---be off （away）/ 1.I have kept the book for a month.    2. She has had the bike for over a year.

 (误)He has arrived here for three days.  (正)He has been here for three days.

 使用“It is /it has been + 时间 +since +过去时态的句子 ”结构 或(时间＋have/has+passed+ since +过去时态的句子 ”结构 表示以since引导的时间状语从句中的动作自发生以来已经有一段时间了。It后面的be动词常用一般现在时，但有时也可以用一般将来时或一般现在时。

1. It is a long time since they saw each other last. 2. How long is it since you took part in the organization? 3.It has been 3 years since I lived here. 4.It will be 8 years next month since I became a teacher.

3.与ever, never,just, always等表示不确定的时间副词连用时,可用现在完成时也可用一般过去时。   Have you ever heard of such a man? （现在完成时。）   Did you ever hear of such a man? （一般过去时。） 4.终止动词的否定式可与for或since引导的表示一段时间的副词短语或状语从句连用。   I haven't seen her for five years.

现在完成时专练 ( ) 1. Neither you nor Lily ___ to the Great Wall. A. have gone B. has went C. has been D. have been ( ) 2. Where ___ you _____yesterday? A. have… been B. have …gone C. did…go D. were…gone ( ) 3. Mr Black ____ here for three years since he came to China. A. works B. worked C. has worked D. had worked C C C

D ( ) 4. ____ for two months. A. The meeting has begun B. His father has bought the car C. My brother has become a doctor D. She has worked here ( ) 5. A: ____ Jim ____ to England? B: Yes, he’ll be back next week. A. Does, go B. Has, been C. Has, gone D. did, go C

( ) 6. A: How long has he been like this? B: _______. A. For two days B. Since two days C. Two days ago D. For two days ago ( ) 7. A: “Where is Lucy?” B: “She ____ to the library just now.” A. goes B. went C. has gone D. is going A B

D ( ) 8. A: Who’s done best in the history exam this week? B: Lily _____. A. is B. does C. was D. has ( ) 9. I can’t open the door because I ____ my keys. A. lost B. have lost C. will lose D B

( )10. The meeting __for five minutes. A. has begun B. had begun C. had been on D. has been on 填空 1. The Greens __ (be) here since two year ago. 2. I won’t go to see the film tonight, because I ______ my ticket. (lose) D have been have lost

have been married They began to cook two minutes ago. (同义句) They _____ _____ for two minutes *The bookshop closed half an hour ago. The bookshop _____ ______ _______ for half an hour. 5. They ______ ______ ______ (marry) for 2 years. have cooked has been closed have been married

现在完成时专练(二) B ( )1 The man ________in 1992, he _________ for ten years. A. died, was dead B. died, has been dead C. was, head, has died D. was dead, has been died ( ) 2 They _______ in this school since they _____to this city in 2000. A. have studied, have come B. have studied, came C. studied, came D. were studying, have come B

( ) 3 –How long can I ______ this book? --Two weeks. A. borrow B. keep C. lend D. return ( )4 I have ______ a member of Greener China since three ago. A. become B. became C. been D. joined B C

C. been away from, after D. been away from, since. ( )5 --Have you finished your work ____? --Yes, I have ______ done it. A. yet, yet B. already, already C. already, just D. yet, just ( ) 6 The Greens have ________ their hometown _______ 1990. A. left, since B. left, for C. been away from, after D. been away from, since. D D

( ) 7 Where have you _______ ? I didn’t see you just now. A. been B. gone C. been to D. gone to ( ) 8 --Where’s Bob? --He _____ Paris with his sister. He’ll be back in two weeks. A. has been to B. has gone to C. comes from D. went to A B

( ) 10 How long have you _________ this bike? 9 He began his class ten minutes ago. = His class has _______ for ten minutes. ( ) 10 How long have you _________ this bike? A. bought B. had C. borrowed D. got ( )11 Li lie has ____________ Guangzhou since he was 14. come to B. gone to C. been to D. been in been on B D

( )12 The teacher isn’t here. He _________ to the office. A. went B. will go C. has gone D. is going. ( )13“_____ you ______ the film yet?” “Yes, I _______ it last Saturday.” A. Will..see/saw B. Did …see/saw C. Have…seen/ have seen D. Have…seen/ saw C D

B ( )14我爸爸已经入党十几年了。 A. My father has joined the Party for ten years. B. My father has been a Party member for ten years. C. My father joined the Party for ten years.