Grammar 定语从句 厦大附中 朱丽影

Discovering useful structures 1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. 2. It was heard in Beijing, which is one hundred kilometer away. 3. A huge crack that was eight kilometer long and thirty meter wide cut across houses, roads and canals. 4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. 5. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 6. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.

定语从句 由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句。 引导定语从句的关联词有：

定语从句的种类 限定性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的一部分，去掉后句子含义不明确。 非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常是引导词和先行词之间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立。

x x 定语从句的要素 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which， that, as what 先行词 ：被定语从句所修饰的名词、代词、或整个句子 关系词：出现在先行词后 关系代词：who, whom, whose, which， that, as x what ` x 关系副词：when, where, why how

关系词的作用 ①连接作用，引导定语从句。 ②代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 ③在定语从句中充当一句子成分。

apple the red the green the small the big The apple which is red is mine. The apple which is green is yours. The apple which is red is small. The apple which is green is big.

I have read the newspaper which carries the important news. The newspaper carries the important news. I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.

I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning. I received the letter this morning I showed him the letter (which) I received this morning.

Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe. The book was written by Laoshe. Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.

* whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语。 e.g. That’s the man whose house was burned down. The girl got first. Her father had given us a report. The girl whose father had given us a report got first.

That is the new machine. The parts of it are too small to see. That’s the machine whose parts are too small to see.

Choose the best answers: 1. This is all ____ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether 2. Is there anything else _____ you want? A. which B. that C. who D. what 3. The last place _____ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. it

4. Please take the second chair_______ is over there. A. where B. which C. who D. that 5. Is oxygen the only gas __ helps fire burn? A. that B./ C.which D.it 6. Finally, the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police. (NMET98’) A. which B. what C. whatever D. that

7. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those ____ in the forest. A. once the grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew. 8. I don’t like ____ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

9. The weather turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows; most of ____ hadn’t been cleaned for ten years. A. these B. those C. that D. which

Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that. 1. The man ____ I saw told me to wait. 2. The man to _____ I spoke was a foreigner. 3. I know a boy ______ father is an acrobat. (杂技演员) 4. He saw a house _____ windows were all broken. who whom whose whose

5. All the apples ____ fall are eaten by wild boars. 6. Can you think of anyone ____ could look after him? 7. This is the best hotel ____ I know. 8. He showed a machine _____ parts are too small to be seen. that that that which

基础练习 1. Is that the house ____ you bought last year? A. where B. which 2. Is that the picture ___ you are laughing at? A. which B.where 3. It is the most interesting book ___ I’ll ever read. A. which B. that B A B

4. The street ______ is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which 5. The person ___ finds my watch will get a reward. A. who B. when 6. This is the room __ we listened to the lecture. A. which B. where B A B

7. The boy ___ mother is ill can not come to the party. A. who B. whose 8. Tell me the reason ___ you are late. A. which B. why B B

填空： 1. Look at that lady ______ name is Pochi. 2. He is a teacher _________ I like very much. 3. Those pictures _________ were drawn by Tom are nice. 4. Those _____ will go to the park stay here. 5. That was all the money ______ I had. whose whom/that which/that who that

6. Tom is the first boy _____ left the room. 7. Look at the boy and his dog _____ are coming this way. 8. You can read any book _____ I have. 9. That was the year _____ I went to America. 10. we came to the town, ______ we stayed for 2 hours. that that that when where

翻译 1. 他指给我看他丢钱包的地方。 He showed me the place where he lost his wallet. 2. 我不认识那个和你说话的女孩。 I don’t know the girl whom/that you speak to. 3. 她是一个叫玛丽的女孩。 She is a girl who is called Mary.

4. 那些正在打网球的男孩是我的朋友。 Those boys who are playing tennis are my friends. 5. 你记不记得我们到这儿的那一天? Do you remember the day when we arrived here?