Grammar Inversion

语法精解 倒装 Inversions 英语句子的自然顺序是主语在前,谓语在后。把谓语动词放在主语之前, 就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前, 叫全部倒装; 如果只把助动词或be 动词放在主语之前就叫部分倒装。

基本语序natural order subject 主+ predicate 谓+object 宾 I love English.

Here came the headmaster. 完全倒装 full inversion predicate + subject Here came the headmaster. 部分倒装 partial inversion 助动词auxiliary/情态动词modal verb + subject + v +… Nerve will I forgive you.

全部倒装 用于 there be 句型。 There are many students in the classroom. 主语位于谓语are there之后 原句自然顺序是：　 Many students are there in the classroom.

2. 用于“here (there, now, then) + 不及物动词 + 主语的句型中, 或以out, in, up, down, away 等副词开头的句子里面,表示强调。

Here comes the bus.

Out rushed the puppy. Away went the girl.

代词作主语时, 主谓语序不变。 注意： Here it is. In he comes.

3. 当句首状语是表示地点的介词词组时,也常引起全部倒装。 South of the city lies a big steel factory. From the valley came a frightening sound. Under the tree stands a little boy. 划线的均是表示地点状语的介词词组,并且是位于句首。

4. 表语置于句首时, 倒装结构采用“表语＋连系动词＋主语”的结构 形容词＋连系动词＋主语　 Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests.

2) 过去分词＋连系动词＋主语 Gone are the days when they could do what they liked. 3) 介词＋连系动词＋主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.

5. 为了保持句子结构平衡, 或为了强调表语或状语,或为了使上下文结构紧凑。 They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy. Inside the pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens and long passages to these rooms. 强调状语 保持句子结构平衡

部分倒装 1. 用于疑问句 Do you speak English? 2. 用于省略if 的虚拟条件句 1. 用于疑问句　 Do you speak English? 2. 用于省略if 的虚拟条件句 Had you reviewed your lessons, you might have passed the examination. 由 If you had reviewed your lessons 这样一个虚拟条件分句变过来的。

3. 用于“形容词(或名词、动词)＋ as (though)” 引导的让步状语从句。 Pretty as she is, she is not clever. Try as he would, he might fail again. Money as they had, they don’t know how to spend it.

4. 用于no sooner than, hardly when 和 not until的句型中。 No sooner had she gone out than the class began. Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.

  Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。

5. 用于 never, hardly, seldom, scarcely, little, at no time, not only, barely, rarely, little, not a bit，no 等否定词开头的句子里。 Never shall I do this again. At no time can you say “no” to the order. Little do I dream I would see you here.

Not only can mp3s provide us with fun, but also they can help us learn English well.

只有当Not only… but also连接两个分句时，才在第一个分句用倒装结构。如果置于句首的Not only… but also仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。 Not only you but also I am fond of music.

6. 用于only开头的句子(only位于句首,修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句)

Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. Only by practicing everyday can you learn English well.

7. 用于 so, nor, neither 开头的句子, 表示重复的内容。此句谓语应与前句谓语的时态形式一致。 He has been to Beijing. So have I. Jack can not answer the question. Neither can I. He has been to Beijing. So have I. So he has 我也去过。 是的，他确实去过。

8. 在 so / such that 的结构中, 若so置于句首,则句子部分倒装 So difficult a problem is it that I can’t work it out. Such a noble person is he that people all respect him.

如果直接引语后注明引语是什么人所说的, 主语是名词时, 用倒装结构。主语是代词时, 一般不用倒装结构。 “ Let’ go,” said the man / he said. 用于 某些祝愿的句子。 May you succeed.

配套练习 Ⅰ. Multiple choices. 1. ---Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother? ---I don’t know, _______. A. nor don’t I care B. nor do I care C. I don’t care neither D. I don’t care also

2. Not until all the fish died in the river ____ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realized D. didn’t the villagers realized

3. Only in this way ____ do it well. A. must we B. we could C. can we D. we can 4. Hardly ____ when it began to rain. A. had he arrived B. arrived he C. he had arrived D. did he arrive

5. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home. A 5. Only when class began ____ that he had left his book at home. A. will realize B. he did realize C. did he realize D. should he realize 6. Not a single mistake ____ in the dictation yesterday. A. did he make B. made by him C. he made D. he had made

7. No sooner ____ his talk than he ___ by the workers. A. he finished; surrounded all B. did he finish; did surround C. had he finished; was surrounded D. after he finished; was surrounded near

8. Little ___ know about verbs, Franz __ his head. A. did he; dare not lift B. he; dare not lift C. did he; dare not to lift D. doesn’t; doesn’t dare lift

9. Not only __ a promise, but also kept it. A. had he made B. he had made C. did he make D. he makes 10. I finally got the job. Never in all life___ so happy. A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt

11. In no country ___ Britain, it has been said, ____ experience four seasons in the course of a single day. A. other than; one can B. other than; can one C. rather than; one can D. rather than; can one

12. ____ a mobile phone can you ring ___ you want to talk with anywhere. A. Using; whoever B. Only on; whoever C. With; whoever D. Using; whomever

把下列句子改为倒装。 1. I have never seen him before. ________________ I seen him. 2. she had hardly gone out when a student came to see her. _____________________ when a student came to see her. Never before have Hardly had she gone out

3. I didn’t go there. he didn’t go there either. I didn’t go there, ________________. neither/ nor did he 4. A terrible Genie(妖怪) stood before the fisherman. Before the fisherman ______ _____________. stood a terrible Genie

5. In those days people seldom did experiment to test their ideas. Seldom did people do experiment 6. You can learn English well only in this way. __________________ you learn English well. Only in this way can

7. Lu Xun was not only a great writer, but also a great thinker. Not only was Lu Xun 8. It didn’t stop raining until midnight. ___________________ it stop raining. Not until midnight did