1. He said: “I’ve left my pen in my room.” → He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2. She said: “He will be busy.” → She said that he would be busy.

3. She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” →   She asked Tom if/whether he could help her.

复习规律 1. 陈述句的间接引语—连接词用that, 在 口语中可省略。引述动词用said, told,等。例如： He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.” → He told me that he had left his book in his room.

2. 疑问句的间接引语。一般疑问句后连接 词用if或whether，而引述选择疑问句时 只能用whether，引述动词用asked，没 有间接引语的可以加一个间接宾语me, him等。 例如： She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” → She asked Tom if /whether he could help her.

3. 特殊疑问句用原句中的疑问词作连接词，改为陈述语序。例如： The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?” → The teacher asked me how I had repaired it.

4. 如何变时态： 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般将来时 现在进行时 一般过去时 现在完成时 过去完成时 一般过去时 过去将来时 过去进行时 过去完成时 不变

如： 1) She said, “I have lost a pen.” → She said she had lost a pen. 2) She said, “We hope so.” → She said they hoped so. 3) She said, “He will go to see his friend.” → She said he would go to see his friend.

但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。

(1) 直接引语是客观真理。 “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. → The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth.

(2) 直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时, 时态不变。 Xiao Wang said. “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” → Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.

(3) 直接引语中被引述的部分是反复出现的,习惯性的动作或说话时情况仍然存在的,变间接引语时,时态保持不变。 The boy said to us, “I usually get 　　　 up at six every day.” → The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.

(4) 若直接引语中含有when, since, while等引导的表示过去的时间状语从句, 变间接引语时, 从句时态不变。如： She said, “I went there when I was six years old.” → She said she had gone there when she was six years old.

(5) 若直接引语的谓语中含有would, should, might, must, used to, ought to, had better等动词时。如： She said, “We should help each other.” → She said we should help each other.

5. 如何变状语： 直接引语变间接引语，状语变化有其内在规律，时间状语由“现在”改为“原来”例: now变为then, yesterday变为 the day before, today变为that day。 地点状语, 尤其表示方向性的, 或用指示代词修饰的状语, 由“此”改为“彼”。

(例: this 改为that), 如： He said, “These books are mine.” → He said those books were his.

指示代词、时间状语、地点状语的变化: this→ that; these→ those ; now→ then; yesterday→ the day before; today→ that day; tomorrow→ the next day; next week (month, year)→ the next week (month, year); ago→ before; here→ there．

祈使句的直接引语和间接引语 1. 如果祈使句是表示请求，间接引语的动词常用ask sb to do The teacher said to me ,"please sit down." →The teacher asked me to sit down .

→The officer ordered him not to leave his post. 2.如果是表示命令，间接引语的动词常用 tell/order/command sb to do sth等。 eg.He said to the man,"Go away!" →He ordered the man to go away. eg.The officer said to him, “Don’t leave your post.” →The officer ordered him not to leave his post.

3. 有些表示建议的祈使句，变成间接引语时一般用 suggest doing suggest that sb. (should) do ... 或advise sb. to do advise that sb. (should) do ...。如：

“Let’s go camping this weekend,” Tom said to us. → Tom suggested (to us) _____________ that weekend. → Tom suggested that _______________ _____ that weekend. going camping we (should) go camp

练习： 1. The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.” → C The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 2. The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→ R The mother asked Tom to get up early.

将下列直接引语变为间接引语。 1. “Speak English more often than just in class,” our English teacher said to us. →__________________________________________________________________ _____________. →__________________________________________________________________. Our English teacher suggested that we (should) speak English more often than just in class Our English teacher suggested speaking English more often than just in class

2. “Don’t play with fire, little boy,” his grandfather said. →________________________________ _______________. His grandfather told the little boy not to play with fire

3. Kate said, “Let’s discuss the problem tomorrow.” →__________________________________ ___________. ______________________. Kate suggested discussing the problem the next day Kate suggested that we (should) discuss the problem the next day

4. “Do be quiet, please!” Miss Helen said to the noisy boys. →__________________________________ ___________. Miss Helen asked the noisy boys to be quiet

5. My sister said, “You’d better tidy your room by yourself.” →_________________________________ ___________. My sister advised me to tidy my room by myself 6. Li Ming said to me, “Will you keep the secret for me?” →_________________________________ ________. Li Ming asked me to keep the secret for him

含感叹句 7. My teacher always said, “What an interesting and challenging job teaching is!” →_______________________________ _______________________________ _____________. My teacher always said what an interesting and challenging job teaching was

表达祝愿 8. “Happy weekend to you!” my teacher said to us last Friday. →_________________________________ __________. My teacher wished us a happy weekend last Friday