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高考英语基础写作指导 Basic Writing

教学目的(Teaching aims) 教学重点 通过本节课的教学, 使学生掌握英语书面表达的一般技巧及方法。 教学重点 基础写作五个步骤 教学难点 基础写作注意事项

? How do you the Basic Writing 基础写作五步法 The suggested steps: 1. 审题: 确定文体、人称和时态 2.写出要点;整合信息:把所有内容整合成5句 How do you the Basic Writing ? 3. 扩展成句：翻译句子时考虑语法结构 4.连句成篇 5. 检查：查错改错

基础写作五步骤 例：文字提示基础写作 Task1 Pre-writing 假如你叫Jack, 你的朋友Tom生病多日，主要是因为工作太辛苦，又缺乏锻炼。请你写一封信给他，劝他每天至少要运动一个小时，并告诉他你本周日休息，将去看望他。 【写作要求】使用5个句子表达全部所给的内容，并组织成连贯的短文，可适当增加点细节。

（1）认真审题 文体结构 文体: 私人书信 主体时态: 现在时 主体人称: 第一人称 假如你叫Jack, 你的朋友Tom生病多日，主要是因为工作太辛苦，又缺乏锻炼。请你写一封信给他，劝他每天至少要运动一个小时，并告诉他你本周日休息，将去看望他。 文体结构 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that… Best wishes, Yours, Jack

（2）写出要点；整合信息 1. 生病多日 2. 工作辛苦 3. 缺乏锻炼 4. 需要运动 5. 将去看望 假如你叫Jack, 你的朋友Tom生病多日，主要是因为工作太辛苦，又缺乏锻炼。请你写一封信给他，劝他每天至少要运动一个小时，并告诉他你本周日休息，将去看望他。

（2）写出要点；整合信息 be ill for days 1. 生病多日 work so hard 2. 工作辛苦 lack sports/ be lack of sports need/need to take exercise come to see sb. 1. 生病多日 2. 工作辛苦 3. 缺乏锻炼 4. 需要运动 5. 将去看望

（3）扩展：连词成句，翻译句子 1. be ill for days（动词时态） I'm sorry to hear that you have been ill for days. 2. work so hard（动词时态:have been doing） You have been working so hard.

（3）扩展:连词成句，翻译句子 3. lack sports You lack / are lack of sports. 4. take exercise(建议每天至少要锻炼一小时) I suggest you take at least an hour’s exercise every day. 5. come to see you(这个周日将去看你) I’ll come to see you this Sunday.

可以添加必要的时间、冠词及其它一些与题有关的细节 （4）连句成篇 可以添加必要的时间、冠词及其它一些与题有关的细节 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you have been ill for days. You have been working so hard and lack sports. I suggest you take at least an hour’s exercise every day. This Sunday I'll come to see you. With best wishes, Yours, Jack

（4）适当增加细节 Dear Tom, I’m sorry to hear that you have been ill for days and hope you’ve got better now. As is often the case,you have been working so hard and lack sports, which is very harmful to your health. I suggest you take at least an hour’s exercise every day and It will surely do you good. If you keep on taking exercise , you will build up your health and work even more energetically. I’ll come to see you this Sunday, when we’ll have a good talk. Best wishes, Yours, Jack

（5）检查：查错改错 a.检查自己审题是否正确，有没有把题目要求的内容都表达清楚。 b.检查自己在文章中的时态用得是否准确，语气是否正确。 c.检查自己的文章中使用的句型是否多样，有没有恰当地使用连接词。 d.检查是否有标点与拼写错误

基础写作注意事项 1. 能写几句就写几句，不留空白 2. 主要评分要素包括内容的完整性和连贯性、句 子结果的正确性。 2. 主要评分要素包括内容的完整性和连贯性、句 子结果的正确性。 3. 多写或少写一个句子，扣一分，决不要自我发 挥。 4. 文不对题给0分，写出相关短语给0.5分。 5. 每个句子要含有表中的信息，否则该句不分。 6. 不要生搬硬套，强加关联词。

Let’s summarize how to do your basic writing.

基础写作 Conclusion 五个步骤： 连词成句，翻译句子 审题 整合信息，写出要点 连句成篇 检查

Task2 While-writing Writing Time!

费孝通是我国著名的社会学家和社会活动家。请根据下文提示，用英文写一篇短文介绍一下费孝通先生。 身份与生平 费孝通，我国著名的社会学家和社会活动家，1910年11月2日生于一个富裕家庭。2005年4月24日因病于北京逝世。 经历 1、大学时先从事于医学学习，但后来却改变主意。 2、1930－1935年于清华大学学习，之后到英国继续深造，并获得博士学位。 3、1938年后，曾任教于清华大学和北京大学。 评价 1、致力于社会科学研究，促使中国农村经济发展。 2、费孝通是一个活到老，学到老的人。 步骤一：审题 文体: 人称： 时态： 参考词汇：社会学家 sociologist 社会活动家 social activist 社会科学 sociology 促使 advance 农村经济 rural economy 从事 work on 【写作要求】使用5个句子表达全部所给的内容，并组织成连贯的短文。 人物简介 用第三人称 过去时

费孝通是我国著名的社会学家和社会活动家。请根据下文提示，用英文写一篇短文介绍一下费孝通先生。 身份与生平 费孝通，我国著名的社会学家和社会活动家，1910年11月2日生于一个富裕家庭。2005年4月24日因病于北京逝世。 经历 1、大学时先从事于医学学习，但后来却改变主意。 2、1930－1935年于清华大学学习，之后到英国继续深造，并获得博士学位。 3、1938年后，曾任教于清华大学和北京大学。 评价 1、致力于社会科学研究，促使中国农村经济发展。 2、费孝通是一个活到老，学到老的人。 ① 步骤二：整合信息,写出要点 ② ③ ④ ⑤ 参考词汇：社会学家 sociologist 社会活动家 social activist 社会科学 sociology 促使 advance 农村经济 rural economy 从事 work on 【写作要求】使用5个句子表达全部所给的内容，并组织成连贯的短文。

Group work Share your writings！ You are going to write this passage in groups of four. Each student writes one sentence. Then share with your classmates. Lastly join the sentences into a complete passage. Share your writings！

Sharing time!

sociologist and social activist 步骤三：写出要点,扩展成句 1、身份及生平（一句话） 1）费孝通是我国著名的社会学家和社会活动家。 2）1910年11月2日生于一个富裕家庭。 3）2005年4月24日因病于北京逝世。 sociologist and social activist Fei Xiaotong was a famous Chinese sociologist and social activist. He was born in a rich family on November 2, 1910. rich/wealthy He passed away due to disease in Beijing on April 24, 2005. Born into a middle class family in Stratford-on-Avon, England in 1564, Shakespeare, the greatest writer of plays in the English- speaking world, passed away in 1616. Born into a rich family on November 2, 1910, Fei Xiaotong, a famous Chinese sociologist and social activist, passed away due to disease in Beijing on April 24, 2005.

2、经历（三句话） 第一句话： 他读大学时先从事于医学学习， 但后来却改变主意。 2、经历（三句话） 第一句话： 他读大学时先从事于医学学习， 但后来却改变主意。 work on/study When he went to college, he first chose to work on medicine but then changed his mind.

Between 1930 and 1935, he studied in Tsinghua University. 第二句话： 1）1930－1935年在清华大学学习。 2） 之后到英国继续深造。 3）获得博士学位。 信息点整合成一句话： Between 1930 and 1935, he studied in Tsinghua University. (further education) After that, he went to England for further education. (get/receive one’s doctor’s degree) He received his doctor’s degree. Between 1930 and 1935, he studied in Tsinghua University and then went to England for further education，where he received his doctor’s degree.

第三句话： 1938年后，曾经任教于清华大学和北京大学。 After 1938, he once taught in Tsinghua University and Peking University.

Fei studied hard all his whole life. 3、评价（一句话） 1）致力于社会科学研究，促进中国农村经济发展。 2）费孝通是一个活到老，学到老的人。 整合成一句话： (sociology…, advance, rural economy) He devoted himself to the research on sociology and advanced the development of China’s rural economy. Fei studied hard all his whole life. Fei, who studied hard all his whole life, devoted himself to the research on sociology and advanced the development of China’s rural economy.

步骤四：连句成篇 Born into a rich family on November 2, 1910, Fei Xiaotong, a famous Chinese sociologist and social activist, passed away due to disease in Beijing on April 24, 2005. When going to college, he first chose to study medicine but then changed his mind. Between 1930 and 1935, he studied in Tsinghua University and then went to England for further education ，where he received his doctor’s degree. After 1938, he once taught in Tsinghua University and Peking University. Fei, who studied hard all his whole life, devoted himself to the research on sociology and advanced the development of China’s rural economy. 步骤五：检查

Task3 Post-writing Write another passage for consolidation.

菲尔普斯(Michael Phelps) 菲尔普斯(Michael Phelps)

请根据下面表格中的提示，写一篇介绍美国著名游泳运动员菲尔普斯(Michael Phelps) 的短文。 姓名 Michael Phelps 出生地 Maryland, USA 出生年 1985 简历 5岁开始游泳，从小就热爱游泳； 15岁成为美国奥运游泳队最年轻的选手； 自从2001年，打破200米蝶泳（butterfly stroke）世界纪录以来21次破个人纪录； 2008年北京奥运会，菲尔普斯拿下8枚游泳金牌; 评价 当今泳坛最出色的全能型 游泳选手之一。 参考词汇： 开始：take up 热爱：has a strong passion 全能：all-rounded 泳坛：in the circle of swimming 写作要求:使用5个句子表达全部所给的内容，并组织成连贯短文。

步骤一：审题 文体: 人称： 时态： 人物简介 用第三人称 过去时和现在时相结合 步骤二：写出要点；整合信息

Model essay Born in Maryland, USA in 1985, Michael Phelps has a strong passion since he took up swimming at the age of five. The 15-year-old boy became the youngest American Olympic Swimmers of all time. Then he has broken 21 individual world records since he broke the world record in 200- meter butterfly stroke in 2001. Fantastically, he won 8 Gold medals in 2008 Beijing Olympic games, which has gone down in history. For his remarkable achievements, he is considered as one of the most outstanding all-rounded swimmers in the circle of swimming.

Michael Phelps was born in Maryland, USA in 1985. He has a strong passion since he took up swimming at the age of five. He became the youngest American Olympic Swimmers when he was 15 years old. He has broken 21 individual world records He broke the world record in 200- meter butterfly stroke in 2001. He won 8 Gold medals in 2008 Beijing Olympic games. He is considered as one of the most outstanding all-rounded swimmers in the circle of swimming.

Homework: Finish your writing in your composition book.

Thank you for your attention! Goodbye!