状语从句导学 状语从句导学 状语从句导学

Teaching aims： Unit 3 本节课复习并总结状语从句：帮助学生梳理状语从句的知识，复习不同种类的状语从句。 Book 10_课件_U1_Reading2-8 Teaching aims： 本节课复习并总结状语从句：帮助学生梳理状语从句的知识，复习不同种类的状语从句。 2

状语从句概说 、状语从句概说 1、在句中作状语用的从句叫状语从句。 2、引导状语从句的一般为连词，也可有词组。 3、状语从句可以在句首，也可以在句中或句末。 4、状语从句按其用途可分为时间、地点、 原因、结果、条件、目的、让步、方式、 比较等九类状语从句。 5、时间状语从句和条件状语从句中的将来时， 通常用一般现在时来表示。

Adverbial Clause Time 时间状语从句 Place 地点状语从句 Reason 原因状语从句 Condition 条件状语从句 Adverbial Clause Purpose 目的从句 Result 结果从句 Manner 方式状语从句 Concession 让步状语从句 Contrast 比较状语从句

1、时间状语从句 引导时间状语从句的从属连词 1.基本类：before、after、when、while、as、since、till、until、as soon as, etc. ①I will tell him the news as soon as I see him. ②When I was young, I liked swimming. ③I finished my homework before my mother came back. ④It has been 12 years since I left my hometown.

2. 名词类（由名词词组充当引导词）： the moment ,the minute, the second, the instant (一…就…); every time, each time, next time, the first time, any time etc. 如： ①The children ran away from the farm the moment they saw the guard. ②I gave him the money the minute I saw him. ③ Every time I listen to your advice, I will get into trouble.

(e.g. ) I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work. 3.副词类（由副词充当引导词）： immediately, directly, instantly, etc. (一…就…） (e.g. ) I will give you an answer immediately I finish my work. 4.句型类： no sooner…than…, hardly/scarcely…when…, etc. (一…就…) (e.g. ) Hardly had he gone when she appeared. 注意: 以上句型否定副词位于句首，主句应部分倒装, 且主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。

2、地点状语从句 ①Where there is a will , there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。 引导地点状语从句的连词有where, wherever 等， ①Where there is a will , there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。 ②Bamboo grows well where it is warm and wet.   ③Tom and Jack went wherever they could find work .

2、地点状语从句 有时-where构成的复合词也可引导地点状语从句， 如： ①Everywhere they went, they were warmly welcomed. ②We’ll go anywhere the Party needs us.

where 引导状语从句和定语从句的区别: ⑴. where 引导状语从句时,前面无名词或代 词,where也不能换成 介词+which ⑵. where 引导定语从句时, 前面有先行词 ,where 可以换成 介词+which Make marks where you have any question . （状语从句） Go back to the place where you were born. （定语从句 ） (where = in which)

3、原因状语从句 常用引导词：because, since, as (语气由强到弱) 特殊引导词：considering that(考虑到）, now (that) ，seeing (that)因为，鉴于 ①My friend was fat because he dislikes doing exercise. ②Now (that) everybody has come, let’s begin our meeting. ③Considering that he is 70 years old, he has done a good job.

because, since, as, for 用法比较： ㈠、because: 语气最强 ①回答why问句时用because,但是表示因果关系时，不能与so连用。 ②用来引导表语从句 He didn’t speak to you. It was because he didn’t recognize you. ③用在对原因状语强调的强调句中 It was because he was ill that he was absent from the meeting.

㈡、since: 译为“既然…” 表对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首。 Since you have got a good chance now, you had better make full use of it. ㈢、as: 译为“由于…”语气较弱，较口语化，表明显的原因或已知的事实，常放在句首。 As he had been ready for the worst, he was not disappointed at the result. ㈣、for：连接两个并列分句，不能放在句首。 It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

4、结果状语从句 so that, so… that, such … that, 如： 常用引导词： so that, so… that, such … that, 如： ①He always studied so hard that he made great progress. ②It was very cold, so that the river froze. ③It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.

注意比较：so 和 such 的用法 (1)such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，且such 后既可以加可数名词也可以加不可数名词。 如： such a nice flower/ such nice flowers such rapid progress　　　 　 (2)so是副词,只能修饰形容词或副词。如： so young /so fast

(3) so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little （少）连用，形成固定搭配。如： so many people /so few flowers so little money （4） such + a/an (+ adj.)+ 可数n单数 =so + adj. +a /an+可数n单数 It was such a hot day that we couldn’t sleep. → It was so hot a day that we couldn’t sleep.

5、条件状语从句 ① If you ask him, he will help you. 引导条件状语从句的连词有：if, unless (if …not) , on condition that （如果）, as long as（只要）,in case(如果）等 ① If you ask him, he will help you. ② If it doesn’t rain , I will go out tomorrow. ③You will fail in French unless you work harder . →You will fail in French if you don’t work harder.

④In case he comes, please let me know. ⑤I shall give you my dictionary on condition that you return it tomorrow. ⑥You may use the book as long as you return it on time.

6、目的状语从句 目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could)， should, will等情态动词 通常由that, so that, in order that, lest（免得，以免）, in case（以防、免得）等引导： 目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could)， should, will等情态动词 ①He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus. ②She raised her voice so that the students could hear her clearly. ③I explained again and again in case that she should misunderstand me.

7、让步状语从句 一、常用引导词： though, although, even if, even though ① Even if I worked so hard, I still didn’t pass the exam. ② Though /Although he was tired, yet /still he went on working. 注意：though与although同义，后者多放在句首，都不能与but连用，但可以与yet, still等连用，用来加强语气

二、 特殊引导词： as，while ( 一般用在句首 ), in spite of the fact that, no matter …，whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever 等 ① Whenever (=no matter when) you call on me, you are always welcome. ② Wherever (no matter where) you work, you can always find time to study.

三、whoever, whatever, whichever引导状语从句时可替换成no matter who/ what/ which，但引导名词性从句时不可以替换。 ①He didn’t want to be disturbed, whoever（=no matter who ）wanted to see him. ②I’ll give the books to whoever needs them. 状语从句 名词性从句

四、 由as引导的让步状语从句, 须将作表语的形容词或者名词(前面无冠词),表示程度的副词(如much),动词原形放在句首构成部分倒装. ①Young as he is(=Though he is young), he can read and write in several foreign languages. ②Child as he is(Though he is a child), he knows much about history. ③Much as he likes the bike, he doesn’t want to buy it.

8、方式状语从句 一、方式状语从句通常由 as, as if, as though 来引导，如： ①Please do exactly as your doctor says. ②He acted as though nothing had happened. ③He walked as if he were drunk. 二、在非正式文体或口语中，也可用 the way (that/in which)， how等来引导，如： ①I don’t like the way (that) you talk to me. ②You can do the job how you like.

9、比较状语从句 as + adj./ adv. +as…； not so +adj./adv.+ as… ; 比较级+ than 常用引导词: as + adj./ adv. +as…； not so +adj./adv.+ as… ; 比较级+ than 特殊引导词： the+比较级… the+比较级（越… 越…); no more than 仅仅； not more than 不多于

①He can’t run so fast as she. ②He is taller than I/ me. 例如： ①He can’t run so fast as she. ②He is taller than I/ me. . ③His education added up to no more than one year. ④The more you exercise, the healthier you will be. 在比较状语从句中，两者间的比较出现的差异，应放在比较级前。 ⑤The room is twice bigger than that one. ⑥I am three years older than you.

★状语从句重点和难点 一、as, when, while 的用法比较： When的用法: (1)引导时间状语从句，表示主句、从句的动作同时发生、或者动作的发生有先后关系。 ①When they arrived, it was already midnight ②When he ran to the stop, the bus had gone.

(2)when = and then,作并列连词，连接两个分句,when前通常有逗号。译为“这时…”“就在这时…” ①I was wandering in the street, when I caught sight of one of my old friends. ②I was about to go out，when the door bell rang.

（1）while指在一段时间里，所引导的从句中的动词是延续性的，可译为“在…期间， 在…之时” She visited a lot of places while she stayed in America. He felt asleep while he was watching TV. （2）while可用作并列连词，连接两个分句，可译为“而…” My son likes watching TV while I like reading.

as的用法 （1）表 “正当…之时” I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday. （2）表“一边…一边…”或“随着…” He sang as he walked. As time went on, he became less active. （3）as表 “由于….” 引导原因状语从句 I’m not going out as I have a lot to do. （4）表“虽然”引导让步状语从句，从句要 部分倒装 Child as he is, he knows a lot.

二、since的用法比较： Since译为“自…以 来” ①引导状语从句时，主句用现在完成时（或现在完成进行时）时，从句用一般过去时。 I’ve been living here since I came to Beijing. ②常用句型： It is /has been+…+ since …(一般过去时) It is five years since I began to learn English. .

三、until与till的用法与区别： ①until/ till 修饰的谓语动词为延续性动词。在句首时多用until. Let’s wait till / until the rain stops Until then, I knew nothing at all about it. ②主句谓语动词为非延续性动词时，应用 not…until… She didn’t come back until this morning.

③not …until…的倒装句和强调句。 He didn’t stop until he had finished all his work → 倒装句: Not until he had finished all his work did he stop. 强调句: It was not until he had finished all his work that he stopped.

Tell the function of the following adverbial clauses: 条件 If you give me some money, I’ll help you escape. I have to get my car fixed no matter how much it costs. They are generous although they are poor. While you are in the kitchen, bring me a glass of water. He travelled a great deal before he eventually settled down. Since all the tickets have been sold out, we had to leave. She must have gone out early, for she had not shown up for breakfast. Although it was very noisy, I managed to get some sleep. Where there is a will, there is a way. Daddy is upset that little Tom lied to him. Do as I tell you to. Should he be interested, I’ll phone him. Turn up the music so that everyone can enjoy it. 让步 让步 时间 时间 原因 原因 让步 地点 原因 方式 条件 目的

A. as B. if C . though D . unless ★链接高考 ——状语从句考题 （09全国2 ）1. All the dishes in this menu, unless otherwise stated, will serve two to three people. A. as B. if C . though D . unless            (09江苏) 2. Where unemployment and crime are high , it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former. A. Before B. Where C. Unless D. Until

（09陕西)3. My parents don’t mind what job I do as long as I am happy. A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though （09上海） 4. You can’t borrow books from the school library before you get your student card. A. before B. if C. while D. as (09四川)5. Peter was so excited when he received an invitation from his friend to  visit Chongqing. A . where B. that C . why D. when

Practise: Choose the best answer.

C The earth revolves a little more rapidly ___ it is closer to the sun. A. than B. or C. when D. wherever I would prefer to go on Friday, ___ it is all the same to you. A. unless B. if C. while D. as long as The old man was knocked down by a motorcar ____ he saw it. A. before B. after C. when D. till B A

D C B It won’t be long ___ man can explore the Mars. A. since B. until C. when D. before Mr. Lee was firm ___ he felt himself to be right. A. what B. that C. where D. how ___ human beings live in large numbers, the waters are likely to be polluted. A. That B. Where C. Once D. As C B

A Human behavior is mostly a product of learning, ___ the behavior of animals depends mainly on instinct. A. while B. as C. and D. or ___ the plan has been made, let’s get down to carrying it out. A. After B. As soon as C. For D. Now that Someone must have left the tap on, ___ the water is running all over. A. therefore B. because C. for D. besides D C

D D A ___ you can see the moon or not, it is always round. A. If B. Which C. What D. Whether Don’t walk in the road, ___ you get run over. A. if B. so C. so that D. lest ___ the problem is, he faces it with patience. A. Whatever B. However C. Despite D. Although D A

C A C They did not get married for a month ___ they quarreled. A. until B. unless C. before D. although Please tell my classmates your interesting experience exactly ___ you have told it to me. A. as B. that C. and D. what It is ___ he is too frightened that he doesn’t know how to deal with the situation. A. since B. as C. because D. that A C

C D C I couldn’t move my legs ___ they were stuck to the floor. A. because B. as C. as though D. even though ___ the plan has been made, let’s get down to carrying it out. A. After B. For C. As soon as D. Now that It was found out that although the girl could recognize things with her fingers, this ability stopped ___ her hands got wet. A. while B. for the last time C. the moment D. until D C

A C D We had not gone far ___ we saw a great crowd of people. A. before B. after C. as soon as D. while It is four months ___ she left for the US. A. when B. after C. since D. that We must leave the party at exactly 9:00 ___ we can go to work on time. A. but B. so C. in order to D. so that A C D

Thank you！