形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级 Comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs.

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2 形容词和副词的 比较级和最高级 Comparative and Superlative Degrees of Adjectives and Adverbs

3 请你思考：什么是形容词和副词？ 形容词用于修饰名词，表示人或事物的属性或 特征等。 副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征, 说明时间， 地点，程度等概念。它用来修饰动词 、 形容词 、 副词 、 短语或句子。

4 形容词和副词的级别 大多数形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级 比较级 最高级

5 请你观察：形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律 long longer longest nice nicer nicest big bigger biggest early earlier earliest interesting more interesting most interesting carefully more carefully most carefully friendly more friendly most friendly friendlier friendliest good better best many/much more most 原级比较级最高级

6 请你总结：形容词和副词比较等级构成的规律 一. 规则变化： 1. 单音节和部分双音节词, 在词尾直接加 -er,-est 2. 以字母 e 结尾的, 加 -r,-st 3. 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母， 双写此字母, 再加 -er,est 4. 以 “ 辅音字母 +y ” 结尾的，把 y 变成 i ，再加 - er,est 5. 多音节词和大部分双音节词, 在词的前面加 more 或 most 6. 有些双音节词既可用 more,most 形式，又可用 - er,-est 形式 二. 不规则变化

7 请给出下列形容词或副词的比较级和最高级 tall near large able thin hot funny happy beautiful quickly quiet little taller tallest nearer nearest thinner thinnest abler ablest larger largest hotter hottest funnier funniest happier happiest more beautiful most beautiful more quickly most quickly quieter quietest more quiet most quiet less least

8 请你牢记： 一，要双写再加 -er,-est 的词有哪些？ hot big fat thin red wet sad glad … 二. 不规则变化的词有哪些？ 原级比较级最高级 good/wellbetterbest bad/ill/badlyworseworst many/muchmoremost littlelessleast old olderoldest eldereldest far fartherfarthest furtherfurthest

9 Notes: 1. 类似 slowly, quickly 这样的双音节词，虽然也是辅 音字母加 y 结尾，但这里的 -ly 是表示副词的后缀，因 此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加 more 和 most 。 2. 强调程度时，形容词和副词前可加上 too,very,so, quite 等。比较级前则要加上 much, even, a little, a lot, still, a bit 等词 ( 组 ) ，表示程度。 3. farther 常指时间、距离上的远。 further 可以代替 farther ，还常用于引伸和抽象的意义，表示 “ 进一步， 更深刻，更深入等 ” 。 4. older 表示年龄大小或年代的久远， elder 表示兄弟姐 妹之间的长幼关系。

10 1 以 -ly 结尾的是形容词而不是副词： costly 昂贵的 lonely 孤独的 deadly 死一般的 lively 活泼的 friendly 友好的 silly 傻气的 kindly 热心肠的 likely 可能的 leisurely 悠闲的 ugly 长得丑的 brotherly 兄弟般的 monthly 每月的 earthly 尘世的 2 只作以 “a” 开头的很多形容词只能做表语： afraid 害怕的 alike 相象的 awake 醒着的 alone 单独的，惟一的 alive 活着的 ashamed 羞愧的 asleep 睡着的 aware 意识到的、察觉到的 well 健康的 content 满意的 unable 无能的

11 没有比较级和最高级的词 含有绝对概念的有形容词和副词： absolute, entire, whole, total, perfect, excellent, thorough, complete, wonderful bjyq12@126.com 20080901

12 原级 as…as… You can never be too careful. 倍数； 比较级 …than…. A better start: 一个更好的开始 Can’t feel better 不可能更好了 Far; a bit; much; 最高级 表示范围的词： of. in

13 形容词和副词原级的用法： 1. 形容词用于系动词后直接描述人物或动作，形容词用 于名词前修饰名词，或表示主句伴随的状态。 副词用于修饰动词或全句。 Rabbits run fast. Perhaps he is right. Our country is beautiful and strong. The tomato tastes good and sells well. We encourage him to speak up his opinion, but he seems just too shy. After a whole day’s work, he went back home, tired and hungry. He looked behind from time to time, full of fear.

14 系动词 感官动词： look; sound; feel; taste; smell; seem; appear 下列动词既是实义动词又是系动词，注 意用做系动词时，要求形容词做表语： Remain; keep become, get, grow, go, come, turn, stay, stand, run, prove, seem, appear, look

15 形容词和副词原级的用法： 2. … as + 原级 + as … “…… 和 …… 一样 ” You are as tall as me. = You are as tall as I (am). This computer runs as fast as that one. 3. … not as(so) + 原级 + as … “…… 不如 / 没有 ……” This jacket is not as(so) cheap as that one. Henry doesn’t study as(so) hard as his elder brother. 4. as + 形容词 + a/an + 单数名词 +as He is as kind a person as his father. 5. as + many/much+ 不可数名词 / 可数名词复数 +as I can carry as much fruit as you can. 1. 形容词用于系动词后直接描述人物或动作，副词用于 修饰动词或全句。

16 1. It is generally believed that teaching is _____ it is a science 。 A. as art much as B. much an art as C. as an art much as D. as much an art as 2. He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker 。 A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than 3. John is the tallest boy in the class, _______ according to himself 。 A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as 4. A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds ____ strong as 113 miles per hour 。 A. too B. very C. so D. as 答案： 1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D

17 As long as 1 kilometre As heavy as 1000 kilograms. Twice as big as that one. Twice the size of that one. Twice bigger than that one 3 metres in height/high/tall 2 kilometres in length/ long 10 metres in width/ wide The area of Yanqing is about 26 square kilometers. Yanqing is 26 square kilometres in area. Yanqing covers an area of 26 square kilometres. I hope I can have a more comfortable classroom with more lights and brighter windows, where I can enjoy reading my favorite novels.

18 1. Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ 。 A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest 2. Mr. Smith owns ______ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met 。 A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large 3. ---Did you enjoy yourself at the party? --- Yes. I’ve never been to ____ one before 。 A. a more excited B. the most excited C. a more exciting D. the most exciting 4. Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard ____ before 。 A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one 5. Of the two sisters, Betty is ____ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quite 。 A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest

19 表达倍数的结构 1. 数词 +times+as+ 形容词原级 +as This room is twice as big as that one. 2. 数词 +times+ 形容词比较级 +than This room is twice bigger than that one. 3. 数词 +times+ 性质名词 +of （性质名词主要有： length, size, height, weight, depth 等） This room is twice the size of that one. 4. （ not ） half+as+ 形容词原级 +as This room is half as big as that one.

20 1. Our neighbor has _____ours. A. as a big house as B. as big a house as C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as 2. What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before.It is it is long. A ． half not as wide as B ． wide not as half as C ． not half as wide as D ． as wide as not half 3. I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times____. A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many

21 4. Ten years ago the population of our village was ________ that of theirs. A. as twice large as B. twice as large as C. twice as much as D. as twice much as 5. My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice ___ expensive. A. as B. so C. too D. very 6. Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost ________ his. A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as

22 7. （ 09 四川卷） My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice ___ expensive. A. as B. so C. too D. very 8. （ 09 江西卷） According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ____a woman. A. than B. such C. so D. as 9. （ 09 辽宁卷） Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost _______ his. A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as 10. （ 08 浙江卷） I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______. A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many 答案： 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A

23 形容词和副词比较级的用法： 1. … 比较级 + than … “…… 比 …… 更 ……” You are taller than me. = You are taller than I (am). I don’t think his writing is more beautiful than yours. 3. 比较级 + and + 比较级 “ 越来越 ……” The weather is getting warmer and warmer. Our school is getting more and more beautiful. 4. the + 比较级 …,the + 比较级 … “ 越 ……, 越 ……” The more exercise you do, the healthier you will become. 2. 比较级 ( 特殊疑问句 ) ， … or … ? “ 哪个更 …… ? ” Which is longer, this one or that one? 5. “ a/an+ 比较级 + 单数可数名词 ” 表示 “ 一个更 …… 的人 / 物 ” I have never seen a more moving scene.

24 形容词和副词最高级的用法： 1.… the + 最高级 + ( 名词 ) + 表示范围的短语或从句 “…… 是最 ……” He is the kindest man that I have ever met. Li Tao jumps (the) farthest of all. She is the most careful student of us three. 4. … one of the+ 最高级 ( 形 )+ 名词 ( 复 )+ 表示范围的短语 “…… 是 …… 当中最 …… 之一 ” Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 3. 最高级 ( 特殊疑问句 ) ， … ， … or … ? “ 哪个更 …… ? ” Who is the youngest, Jim, Tom or Jenny? 2. … the second(third … )+ 最高级 +( 名词 )+ 表示范围 的短语 “…… 是第二 ( 三 …… ) ……” The Chongming Island is the third biggest island in China.

25 7. （ 09 四川卷） My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice ___ expensive. A. as B. so C. too D. very 8. （ 09 江西卷） According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ____a woman. A. than B. such C. so D. as 9. （ 09 辽宁卷） Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost _______ his. A. as much twice as B. twice as much as C. much as twice as D. as twice much as 10. （ 08 浙江卷） I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______. A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many 答案： 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A

26 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的 20 个雷区

27 Correct the mistakes: 1.Mary’s hair is longer than my sister. 2.The weather in Beijing is colder than in Shanghai. 3.The apples in this basket are better than them in that basket. 4.The Changjiang River is longer than any river in China. 5.China is larger than any other country in Europe. 6.His older brother is elder than I. 7.Our country is getting more beautiful and more beautiful. 8.This classroom is three times as bigger as that one. 9.Who is tallest student in our school? 10. Which do you like better, apples, bananas or pears? _______ my sister’s __________that … ____ those ___ any other ________any ____elder____older _____________________ more and more _____big _____the tallest _____ (the) best

28 Correct the mistakes: 11. This box is more heavier than that one. 12. Tom is the youngest in the three. 13. He is taller of the two. 14. Today is our the busiest day. 15. I think math is very more difficult than Chinese. 16. There are much more people in the street than usual. 17. Mike is so tall as Jack. 18. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim jumped. 19. The Yellow River is the second longer river in China. 20. We must get farther information. ___________heavier __of ____ the taller ______our ____ much _____ many __as ______(did) _____ longest ______further

29 Let’s talk about the advantages and disadvantages of the three ways of entertainment watch TV; see a film in the cinema; see a film on the Internet character It has the biggest screens. It’s the most popular. It’s the closest to home It’s the cheapest. It has the friendliest service. It has the most comfortable seats. 质量 / 特色 screen; service; Sound system distance, seat; ticket

30 同义句转换，每空一词： 1. Mike is not so/as tall as Jack. Jack is ________ ________ Mike. 2. He is the youngest in his class. He is younger than _____ _______ _______ in his class. He is younger than ______ ______ ________ in his class. 3. The cheetah is faster than any other animal in the world. The cheetah is ____ ________ animal in the world. ( 同上 ) The ________ fastest animal is the cheetah. 4. Japanese is less useful than Chinese. Japanese _____ as/so useful _____ Chinese. 5. I am as diligent as her. I am as diligent as ____ ____. 6. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim. Li Ying jumped farther than Jim ________. taller than any other student the other students the fastest she is did world’s isn’tas

31 合并句子，每空一词： 1.Lucy is 8 years old. Lily is 8 years old, too. Lucy is ______ ______ ______ Lily. 2. Danny is 15. Jenny is 12. Jenny is ______ ______ __________ than Danny. 3. Jim jumps 2 metres high. Tom jumps 3 metres high. Tom jumps ________ _______ Jim. 4. Jenny jumps far. Brain jumps farther than Jenny. Danny jumps farther than Brain. Danny jumps ________ _______ the three. 5. A car runs 150 kilometres per hour. A bike runs 50 kilometres per hour. A car runs ______ _______ ______ ______ as a bike. A car runs _____ _______ than a bike higher than farthest of three times as fast as older as faster twice three years younger

32 用括号内形容词或副词的适当形式填空 : 1.This horse is very ________ (strong), but that horse is much _________ (strong) than this one. 2.It’s so late, so I drive the car ___________(slowly) than usual. 3. He went ______________(far) than the other explorers. 4. The ____(little) you eat, the _________(thin) you are. 5. The Beijing Library is one of __________(big) libraries in China. 6. The street is as _______(long) as that one, but it is_____ (wide) than that one. 7. His drawing isn’t so _______(good) as yours. 8. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it becomes __________(small) and __________(small). 9. This piano is ______________(expensive) than the other two. It is __________________(expensive) of the three. 10. Which is ________________(difficult), English, physics or biology? strong stronger less farther/further long smaller more expensive the most difficult more slowly good the biggest wider smaller the most expensive thinner

33 汉译英： 1.Jack 和 Mike 一样高。 2.Lily 和 Lucy 跳得同样远。 3. 他的英语不如我说得好。 4. 格林小姐的房间比布朗小姐的干净得多。 5. 北京变得越来越美丽。 Jack is as tall as Mike. Lily jumps as far as Lucy. He doesn’t speak English as/so well as me/I (do). Miss Green’s room is much cleaner than Miss Brown’s. Beijing is becoming more and more beautiful.

34 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you would make. Bob jumps (the) farthest of all. The Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. Jim came to school (the) latest in his class yesterday. Which is the most difficult, English, physics or maths? 汉译英： 6. 你越仔细，出错就会越少。 7. 在所有人当中 Bob 跳得最远。 8. 长江是世界上最长的河流之一。 9. Jim 在他班上到校最晚。 10. 哪个最难，英语，物理还是数学？

35 Make your own sentences with comparative degrees and superlative degrees.

36 原级：倍数 as (so) important a job as….; (much) too…to So that; so….that; so…as to; such as ; such…as… You can never be careful enough. You can never be too careful. 比较级 More than Any; far; much; a little; a bit better The more…the more… More and more No longer The very best I have never met a more interesting student. 最高级； One of the best ； he is the taller of the two.

37 The least + adj/ adv The least interesting Like sth most/ best This book is not as/so interesting as that one. This book is less interesting than that one. So-called: 所谓的 Country roads Be presented; make presentation Have/lose access to sth./

38 Stick to our plan 坚持 1---5 BDDDB 6---10 ADCAB 11---15 CDCDB Better and better 1.As interesting as 2.Better than/ as well as 3.Much colder…than 4.Much more ; much better 5. two years older 6.Not more interesting; less interesting 不如 I like sth least. 1.Better and better 2.More and more interested in 3.The fatter 4.The more difficult

39 So-called: 所谓的。。。 National importance: 国家级 Small country roads: 乡村路 Present: 呈现 In the order of 顺序 Set aside: 存储，

40 Blog: web-log Have access to

41 16---20 BBAC…. 21---25 DDCAB 26—30 DDBAC 31—35 CBABB 36—37 CB

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