Unit 7- Unit 12 重点.

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1 Unit 7- Unit 12 重点

2 therefore, although和however的用法
现在完成进行时 虚拟条件句 进行时的被动语态 间接引语 我们先来看看therefore, although, 和however的用法。 therefore表结果,比so显得更正式一些，在句中常与and连用； 如：He worked day and night, and therefore he was able to buy a new sports car. although表示“虽然……，但是……”所引导的从句可以放在主句前面，也可以放在主句的后面。在主句前面时，要用逗号与主句隔开；

3 如: Although they were 75 years old, they still played tennis every day
由于although的中文意思是“虽然……，但是……”，很多学员容易犯的一个错误是用了although后，又用but，这在英语里是错误的。 however表示转折，与but意思相同，但是较正式的说法。However在句中位置较灵活，在句首时，后面常用逗号。 如：He was wealthy. However, he was very mean(吝啬的).

4 现在完成进行时。现在完成进行时强调动作从过去某个时间一直持续到现在，而且还要继续下去。其基本构成是：have / has + been doing… （基本结构）
have / has not + been doing… （否定形式） Have / has + 主语 + been doing… （一般疑问句形式） 特殊疑问句形式将疑问词置于句首我们来看一个例子： I’ve been working here for three years.

5 I haven’t been working here for three years.
Have you been working here for three years? How many years have you been working here? Who have been working here for three years?

6 这几个单元中的一个难点是虚拟条件句。 虚拟条件句表示与事实相反的愿望、假想。同学们先掌握与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句。其结构是： If + 从句主语 + 动词过去式，主句主语+ would (‘d) +动词原形。 例如： If I had the time, I’d make something better. 在这种与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句中，需要注意的是，不论主语是什么人称，be动词都常用were， 如： If I were you, I’d ask her.

7 现在我们看看进行时的被动态形式。进行时被动语态分为现在进行时被动语态和过去进行时被动语态。这两种被动语态的时态是通过be动词来体现的。我们分别来看它们的基本结构：
现在进行时被动语态： be ( am / is / are) + being + 动词过去分词 过去进行时被动语态： be (was / were ) + being + 动词过去分词 这两种被动语态的否定形式和疑问句形式都是在be动词上发生变化。例如： His behaviour is not being blamed by the public. Were 200 people being treated? Where were 200 people being treated?

8 间接引语也学习过。要注意的是间接引语中主句时态和从句时态的一致性原则。一般来说，如果主句谓语动词为过去时，在将直接引语变为间接引语时，要将直接引语中的谓语动词时态往前推一个时间档，即一般现在时变为一般过去时，一般过去时则变为过去完成时，看下面的例子： “ My parents live in Beijing,” She said. She said her parents lived in Beijing. “I was ill on the flight,” he said. He said he had been ill on the flight.