初中英语写作教学的目的与方法 温州市教育教学研究院 曹东

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1 初中英语写作教学的目的与方法 温州市教育教学研究院 曹东 Email：Caodongwzcn@gmail.com
温州市教育教学研究院 曹东 TEL: Mobile: /663986

2 写作 写作是人际交流与文化传承一个重要方式。 写作水平是人文修养水平一个重要标志。 写作在语言教学中具有重要地位。

3 《课标》初中英语写作教学目标 级别 技能 目 标 描 述 五级 写 1．能根据写作要求，收集、准备素材；
2．能独立起草短文、短信等，并在教师的指导下 进行修改； 3．能使用常见的连接词表示顺序和逻辑关系； 4．能简单描述人物或事件； 5．能根据所给图示或表格写出简单的段落或操作说明。

4 我市对初中英语写作的要求 能正确使用大小写、字母和标点符号，书写规范； 能用常见的连词表示顺序和逻辑关系； 能简单描述人物或事件；
能根据图片或表格写出简单的短文，并表达自己的观点； 能根据要求写简单的议论文、书信、日记。

5 存在问题 从学业考试成绩看： 08：0.61，09：0.45，10：0.56，11：0.56，12：0.54。
0分=2937人/4.2%，3分=13214人/18.9%，6-11.5分=15368人/21.8% =45%。 从平时教学观察：许多老师在写作教学中较少关注学生的整 体写作能力，更多关注单词拼写、语法的对错等细节。 从作业布置看：人物不明确、缺乏必要的任务前指导。 从作业批改看：关注语法错误，以拼写、语法得多少确定作 文分数的高低。 盲目以所谓的“满分作文”作为学生作文优劣的参照物。

6 初中英语教学的理想目标 学生能写长度为80/120/150的记叙文、议论文、书信/电子邮件、图表/图画的文字说明、通知、便条。
结构完整、条理清楚、逻辑严密。 词汇丰富、语法正确。 符合英语的表述习惯。

7 教学基本原则： 鼓励学生写作，让学生看到希望； 教会学生写作，让学生找到方向； 督促学生写作，让学生不断进步；
创设真实任务，让学生体验成功； 展示学生作品，让学生拥有自信。

8 教学内容确定： 词 - 句 - 段 - 篇： 句子结构的多样性； 生活中应用文段落与文学作品断落； 文体，应用型文本篇章与文学性篇章；
连词的使用； 话题。

9 七年级介绍性小段落模板选择案例： 七、八年级教材课文。
Jane Austen was one of the most well-known women writers of the world. She was born in England in Jane loved reading and writing. She wrote a number of famous novels in her life. Among them, Pride and Prejudice written in 1799 was the most popular. Victor Hugo, born in 1802 in France, was one of the best writers in the 19th century. The talent in writing and hard work brought great success to Hugo at an early age. His most popular novel, The Hunchback of Notre-Dame, was written in The book was so successful that it was quickly translated into many other languages across Europe.

10 八年级介绍性小段落模板选择案例： Frogs are animals that can live both in water and on land. There are more than 5,000 kinds of frogs on the earth. The earliest known frogs lived about 190 million years ago and the frogs today still look the same. Here are some fun things that you might not know about frogs. Enjoy! The Biggest and the Smallest Frogs Some frogs can be very big. The biggest kind of frog is the Goliath Frog in West Africa. Its body can be nearly 30cm long, about the size of a large cat. The Gold Frog and the Poison Frog are the smallest frogs in the world. They are less than 1cm long. Though the Poison Frog is very small, it is not weak at all. It is dangerous. Any animal that eats it will die very soon. The Best Jumpers Frogs are very good at jumping. They developed jumping legs so that they would not be eaten by other large animals. Using their big strong legs, most frogs can jump over 20 times their own length*. It is like a person jumping over about 30.48m. The Australian Rocket Frog can even jump over 2m, which is 50 times its body length (5.5cm). That might be the reason why frogs are called the best jumpers on the earth. The Cryogenic Animal Some frogs like the Common Wood Frog have a special ability to live in very cold places. When the temperature goes down, they become ice frogs. 2/3 of their body water freezes. Their hearts stop, and their breathing stops too. You may think they are dead, but in fact they are not. Maybe we humans can learn the way that the frogs do for medical purpose*.

11 九年级介绍性小短文模板选择案例： Canberra is the eighth largest city in Australia. It is 238 km from Sydney and 507 km from Melbourne. Melbourne was once the capital of Australia. Sydney people also wanted to make their city the capital. It was difficult for the government to make the decision. Then in 1911, the government chose a place to build the new capital. It was between Sydney and Melbourne, the two largest cities in Australia. It took more than 14 years to build the city. In 1927, the city became the capital and was named Canberra. “Canberra” means “a place for friends to get together”. Canberra is a beautiful city with trees and flowers everywhere. There’s a Flower Festival in September each year. People can enjoy all kinds of beautiful flowers and welcome the spring to arrive. A man-made lake —Lake Burley Griffin is in the center of the city. It’s about 25 km long. People like to ride bikes, walk or run around the lake. In Canberra, there’re many famous universities like the Australian National University and the University of Canberra. The National Library and the National Museum of Australia are also famous places that people like to visit.

12 教学基本方法选择： 提倡使用任务型教学方法。

13 教学小工具： 网络、报刊、杂志、（改写的）文学作品 词典 Mind-mapping, diagramming, Brian-storming
讨论 展示 评价

14 作文练习方法： 仿写， 改写， 根据主题句扩写，根据段落写主题句， 扩写， 根据主题写段落、根据标题写文章， ……

15 作文练习： 练习量：向中文教学学习，争取隔周一次专项训练。 作文作业布置要考虑：话题、学生实际英语水平、对巩固所学语言知识的意义。
作文作业教师自己应该先做，以确定作业的可做性。 作文批改：应主要关注能否达成交际目的，再关注在多大程度达成目的，最后在多大程度上让读者轻松获取要传递的信息。作业批改的质与量。 评价与反馈：以肯定为主，但要客观指出问题，提出改进建议，让学生怎样才能写的更好。

16 辅助性教学活动 作文比赛 作文展示 笔友通信 ……

17 作文水平提高的辅助条件： 大量阅读。

18 作文练习的附加意义： 可以帮助巩固所学语言知识，促进听、说、读能力的提高。

19 以上个人观点，仅供参考！ 谢谢！