话题 1.Ancient and modern Olympic Games(古今奥林匹克运动会)　 2.Olympic spirit(奥运精神) 功能 Talking about interests and hobbies(谈论兴趣与爱好) 语法 The Future Passive Voice(一般将来时的被动语态)

Presentation on theme: "话题 1.Ancient and modern Olympic Games(古今奥林匹克运动会)　 2.Olympic spirit(奥运精神) 功能 Talking about interests and hobbies(谈论兴趣与爱好) 语法 The Future Passive Voice(一般将来时的被动语态)"— Presentation transcript:

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2 话题 1.Ancient and modern Olympic Games(古今奥林匹克运动会)　 2.Olympic spirit(奥运精神) 功能 Talking about interests and hobbies(谈论兴趣与爱好) 语法 The Future Passive Voice(一般将来时的被动语态) 重点 单词 compete，competitor，ancient, basis，volunteer，voluntary，regular，host，athlete，admit，motto，stadium，responsibility，replace，charge，physical，bargain，advertise, swift，magical，deserve，hopeless

3 重点 短语 take part in，as well，one after another，pick up，stand for，every four years，play a role in，in charge，change one's mind，work out 句型 1.No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women! 2．Women are not only allowed，but play a very important role in gymnastics，athletics，team sports and... 3．There's as much as competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.

4 1．compete vi.比赛，竞争 归纳拓展 (1)compete 为不及物动词，若跟名词，则其后常用介词。 compete in...参加……的比赛/竞赛 compete with sb./sth.与……媲美，比得上 compete against/with sb.for sth.为争取某物和某人竞争/比赛 (2)competition n．比赛，竞赛 competitor n．竞赛者，对手 competitive adj.有竞争力的

5 After careful inspection，the doctor has confirmed that Liu Xiang's foot injury has healed enough for him to compete in the race. 经过认真检查后，医生确认刘翔的脚伤已痊愈，能够参加比赛了。 The player in our team will compete against the player from another team for the gold medal. 我们队的运动员将与另外一个队的运动员争夺金牌。 He won the first prize in the poetry competition. 他在诗歌比赛中获得第一名。 Nobody can entirely keep away from this competitive world.没有人能够完全远离这个竞争的社会。

6 【链接训练】 ①He's going to ________ his old rival(对手)in the second round. A．compete　　　　 B．compete for C．compete with D．be competitor 【解析】　compete 是不及物动词，“与对手竞争”应用介词 with 或 against；用 for 表示“为获取……而竞争”。 【答案】　C

7 ②We can't ________ other countries in trade if we don't develop our national economy.
A．compete for B．compete against C．catch up D．catch with 【解析】　compete against意为“与……竞争”。compete for“为……而竞争”。C、D两项用法错误。句意为：如果我们不发展自己国家的经济，我们就不能在贸易上与其他国家竞争。 【答案】　B

8 2．admit vi.& vt. 让……进入；接纳，容纳；承认；容许有
归纳拓展 (1)admit n．/v.­ing(having done)承认(已经做了)某事 admit that...承认…… admit...to be...承认……是…… admit...into/to...允许……进入，让……进入 admit to sth./to doing sth.承认…… admit of 容许有

9 (2)It is/was admitted that...人们普遍认为……
be admitted to...被……接受 (3)admission n. 准许加入，承认，招认 Provincial governments should appoint qualified hospitals to admit A(H1N1) flu patients. 省政府应该安排有资格的医院来接纳甲型H1N1流感病人。 I admitted my fault and made an apology to him. 我承认了过错并且向他道歉。 She admitted having read the letter before. 她承认以前看过这封信。

10 I admitted that it was difficult to persuade him.
我承认很难说服他。 The matter admits of no delay.此事不容耽误。 He was admitted to the famous university this year. 他今年被这所名校录取了。

11 【链接训练】 In the end，he had to admit ________ my electronic dictionary by mistake. A．taking B．to take C．take D．took 【解析】　admit doing sth.意为“承认做了某事”。句意为：最后，他不得不承认错拿了我的电子辞典。 【答案】　A

12 3．replace vt. (1)把……放回原处 (2)代替，取代；更换，替换 归纳拓展 (1)replace sb./sth.with/by sb./sth.用……替换…… replace sb./sth.取代某人/某物 (2)in place of＝in one's place代替 take one's place＝take the place of代替 instead of代替，而不是 She carefully replaced the china plate on the shelf. 她小心翼翼地把瓷盘放回到架子上。

13 I replaced the old tyres with new ones.
我用新轮胎替换了旧轮胎。 Have you found anyone to replace me yet? 你已找到人来代替我了吗？ Nothing could take the place of the family he had lost. 他失去了家庭，这种损失是无法弥补的。

14 【链接训练】 ①When you have finished the book，please ________ it on the shelf. A．replace B．take place C．take place the of D．in place of 【解析】　四个选项中只有replace有“放回原处”之意。take place“发生”，take the place of和in place of“代替”。 【答案】　A

15 ②A new material of which water pipes are made has already ________ steel or iron in industry.
A．controlled B．rebuilt C．repaired D．replaced 【解析】　replace“代替”，符合题意。control“控制”；rebuild“重建”；repair“修理”。句意为：一种用来制成水管的新材料已经取代了工业上的钢铁。 【答案】　D

16 4．charge vt.&vi.收费；要价；控诉；充电　n．费用；主管
归纳拓展 (1)charge (sb.) some money for sth.为某事或某物(向某人)要价…… charge sb.with...指控起诉某人…… (2)be in charge of负责，主管(人作主语，含主动意义) be in the charge of由……负责，被……掌管(物作主语，含被动意义)

17 take charge (of)负责，掌管 free of charge免费 How much do you charge for mending a pair of shoes? 你补一双鞋要多少钱？ The police charged him with murder. 警方指控他犯了谋杀罪。 The project is in the charge of an experienced engineer. 这项工程在一位有经验的工程师的掌管之下。 When the teacher is away，the oldest pupil takes charge of the class. 老师不在时，年龄最大的学生负责班级的工作。

18 同类辨析 accuse与charge 两个动词都有“控诉，指控”之意，但其后搭配的介词不同。 (1)accuse“指控，控诉”，与介词of连用。 (2)charge可以指因为小错而受到责备，也可指因违法而受到控告，与介词with连用。 The police accused him of theft. 警方指控他犯有盗窃罪。

19 【链接训练】 ①She was complaining that the doctor was ________ too much for the treatment he was giving her. A．expending　B．offering　C．costing　D．charging 【解析】　charge...for sth.“因为某事而向(某人)要价，索价”。句意为：她总是在抱怨医生对给她的治疗收费太高。 【答案】　D

20 ②Not all persons arrested and ________ with a crime are guilty，and the main function of criminal courts is to determine who is guilty under the law. A．sentenced B．accused C．persecuted D．charged

21 【解析】　句意为：并不是所有被逮捕和被指控犯罪的人都是有罪的，法庭的主要功能是依照法律决定谁有罪。arrested 与 charged 一起作并列定语，意为“被逮捕的人”和“被指控的人”。accuse 也有“指控”的意思，但用于 accuse sb.of sth.短语，不与 with 连用。sentence “判决，判刑”；persecute “迫害，惩罚”，与句意不符。 【答案】　D

22 5．bargain n．协议；交易，便宜货　vi.讨价还价；讲条件
归纳拓展 (1)strike/make a bargain with sb.和某人达成协议 a good/bad bargain买得(不)合算 (2)bargain with sb.about/over/for sth.就某事和某人讨价还价，商讨条件 bargain for/on指望；期望；预期(常用于否定句)

23 The car was a bargain at that price.
那辆车的价格真便宜。 We have just made/struck a bargain with them. 我们刚刚与他们做成了一笔交易。 This woman bargained with the storekeeper about/over the table.这个妇女和店主讲桌子的价钱。 That's more than I bargained for. 那个我可没料到。

24 【链接训练】 They sold their house for only 12,000 dollars，so the buyer got a wonderful ________. A．cost B． bargain C．amount D．value

25 【解析】　主句中的for only 12,000 dollars可以看出“房子卖得便宜”。英语中表达买得便宜常用a wonderful/good bargain。cost意为“花费”；amount意为“总数，数量”；value意为“价值”。句意为：他们仅以12 000美元卖掉了房子，因此买房者买得很便宜。 【答案】　B

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27 (2)deserve to do sth.应/值得做……
deserve to be done＝deserve＋相应名词　值/应得…… deserve doing＝deserve to be done应/值得…… You've been working all morning—I think you deserve a rest.你已经工作了一个早上——我想你该歇歇了。 Your team deserves to win.你们队该赢。 Your deeds deserve to be praised. ＝Your deeds deserve praising.你的事迹值得表扬。

28 诱导展望 deserve不用于进行时，其后跟动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，等于接动词不定式的被动语态。除deserve外，类似用法的词还有need，want，require等。

29 【链接训练】 Considering his contribution to our company，Mr.White ________ better treatment than this. A．Observes B．Preserves C．pretends　D．deserves 【解析】　句意为：考虑到怀特先生对我们公司的贡献，他应得到比这更好的待遇。A项意为“观察”；B项意为“保护，保存”；C项意为“假装”；D项意为“值得，应得”。根据句意应选D。 【答案】　D

30 1．take part in 参加 诱导展望 take part in是惯用词组，part前一般不用冠词，但当part前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。其后不跟宾语时，不用介词in。 take an active part in 积极参加……

31 Zhou Yang took part in the 2010 Winter Olympic Games and won a medal.
周洋参加了2010年冬奥会并获得金牌。 Women are now taking an active part in social activities. 女性现在正积极参加社会活动。

32 【链接训练】 We invited her to join us in the discussion, but she would not ________. A. take action B. take notice C. take part D. take notes 【解析】　考查关于take的短语。take action“采取行动、措施”；take notice“注意”；take part“参加”；take note“做笔记”，根据句意，“我们邀请她来参与到我们的讨论中来，但她不参加”可知答案为C。 【答案】　C

33 2．stand for代表；主张；支持；容忍；接受
归纳拓展 stand back靠后站；置身事外；不干预 stand by 严阵以待；袖手旁观；支持，坚持 stand out 显眼，引人注目；突出 stand up 起立；站得住脚 stand up for支持；维护 GNP stands for gross national product. GNP表示国民生产总值。

34 We stand for equality among all nations，big or small.
我们主张大小国家一律平等。 Don't just stand by.Can't you lend a hand? 别只站在一边旁观，你不能帮一下忙吗？ Tom was very tall and stood out in the crowd. 汤姆个子很高，在人群中很显眼。 诱导展望 stand for 在作“容忍，接受”讲时，没有被动语态，通常用于否定句、疑问句中。 I won't stand for being treated like a child. 我将不能容忍别人把我当小孩看待。

35 【链接训练】 ①—What does NASA stand ________ ? —It means “National Aeronautics and Space Administration”． A．by B．on C．for D．out 【解析】　stand for “代表”，符合句意。stand by “支持；袖手旁观”；stand on/upon“依靠，视……而定”；stand out “突出，显眼”。 【答案】　C

36 ②Before we elect her to Parliament，we want to know what she ________.
A．stands in B．stands out C．stands for D．stands up to 【解析】　句意为：我们选她进入议会之前，我们想知道她主张/支持什么。此处 stand for 意为“拥护；支持；主张”。stand in “代替，顶替”；stand out “显眼，突出”；stand up to “经得起”。 【答案】　C

37 as well，also，too与either
同类辨析 as well，also，too与either 这几个词都表示“也”，但用法不同。 (1)as well多用于口语，多用在句末，一般不用标点符号与句子隔开。 (2)also比较正式，位置通常在行为动词前面或系动词be后面，不放在句末。 (3)too多用于口语，位置通常在句末，前面常有逗号；也可用在句中，前后都有逗号。 (4)as well，too，also这三个词都不用于否定句，否定句中用either。

38 Why don't you come along as well?
你为什么不一起来呢？ He also enjoys playing football after school. 他也喜欢放学后踢足球。 After a long walk，we were hungry and thirsty，too. 走了很长一段路之后，我们饿了也渴了。 He wasn't interested in maths either. 他对数学也不感兴趣。

39 【链接训练】 Yao Ming is good at playing basketball and he does well in learning foreign languages ________. A．as well　 B．as well as　 C．also　 D．either 【解析】　as well表示“也”时，常用于句末；also常紧跟系动词或置于行为动词前面；either用于否定句中，表示“也(不)”。 【答案】　A

40 4．work out 解决；计算出；设计出，制定出；结果；锻炼
I wonder how their ideas worked out in practice. 我很想知道他们的想法在实践中取得了什么结果。 I've drawn up the main outlines, and we'll work out the details later. 我已经把主要提纲拟好了，稍后我们再把细节制定出来。 诱导展望 work out表示“结果”时，其后用副词修饰；turn out 表示“结果”时，其后则接名词或形容词。

41 归纳拓展 work at 从事 work as 以……身份工作 work for为……工作；受雇于 work on 从事；继续 work against努力反对 Sometimes the policies work against each other. 有时候，这些政策又会起相互抵消的作用。 He is working on a new novel. 他正在写一部新小说。

42 【链接训练】 In order to lose weight, the young lady prefers to________regularly rather than take expensive weight­losing pills. A．hang out B．work out C．turn out D．figure out 【解析】　句意为：为了减肥这位少妇更喜欢有规律的锻炼，而不是服用昂贵的减肥药。work out在此意为“锻炼”；hang out“走动，溜达”；turn out“结果是”；figure out“理解，计算出”。故答案为B项。 【答案】　B

43 5．No other countries could join in，nor could slaves or women!
别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！ 归纳拓展 (1)句型“nor/neither＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于否定陈述句之后，表示“也不”，相当于either用于否定句。当两个主语不是同一个人或物时，nor和neither可以互换；当两个主语是同一个人或物时，只能用nor。 She isn't a student；neither/nor is he(＝he isn't a student，either)．她不是学生，他也不是。

44 I don't know；nor do I care.(nor不能用neither替换)我不知道，也不关心。
(2)句型“so＋系动词/助动词/情态动词＋另一个主语”用于肯定陈述句之后，表示前句所说的情况也适合于另一个人或物。 You can answer the question.So can anybody else. 你能回答这个问题，其他任何人也能回答。

45 3)句型“So it is (was) with＋另一主语”既能表示肯定意义，又能表示否定意义，其主要用于以下情况：
①上下文有两个分句；②上下文有两个(或两个以上)不同谓语；③上下文既有肯定也有否定。 Tom studies very hard and is never late for school.So it is the same with Dick. 汤姆学习非常努力，上学从不迟到，迪克也是如此。

46 归纳拓展 (4)句型“so＋主语＋系动词/助动词/情态动词”中的主语与前一句的主语通常是指同一个“人”或“物”，主语、谓语不需要倒装。这种句型表示说话者赞同前句所提到的情况或事实，其中的so作“不错；确实如此”讲。 —He will go to England for his holiday tomorrow. 他明天要去英国度假。 —So he will.的确如此。 (5)句型“主语＋do＋so”中so和动词do连用，替代上文中出现过的动宾结构或动状结构，以避免重复。 Mary is always ready to help others and I should do so.玛丽总是乐于助人，我也应该这样做。

47 【链接训练】 —The old man wouldn't stay at home for a rest even if it rained. — ________.He would feel sick if he stayed at home for one day. A．So would my grandpa B．So wouldn't my grandpa C．Neither would my grandpa D．Nor wouldn't my grandpa 【解析】　由于第一句表示否定，故第二句应用neither引导表示我爷爷也和那老人一样，且neither置于句首，句子应倒装。A项用于肯定句，D项若把wouldn't改为would也对。 【答案】　C

48 6．There's as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals.
国与国之间争取奥运会主办权的竞争，就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。 归纳拓展 as...as 结构同级比较的形式有： (1)as＋adj./adv.原级＋as (2)as＋adj.＋可数名词复数或不可数名词＋as (3)as＋adj.＋a/an＋可数名词单数形式＋as

49 注意： (1)同级比较的否定式为 not as/so...as...。 (2)同级比较前可用倍数、百分数、分数等来修饰。 (3)此结构中第二个 as 可为连词也可为介词，作连词可引导一个比较状语从句，从句常用省略；作介词时，后接名词，也可接数量词表示某性质达到了什么程度。 Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。

50 We walked as far as the lake last night.
昨晚我们散步远到湖边。 You must give flowers as much water as they need. 你必须给花浇足够多的水。 Teaching is as much an art as it is a science. 教育如同一门科学一样，它同样是一门艺术。 He owed as many thanks to his parents as (he owed) to his teachers.他同样地感谢他的父母和老师。 He is not so friendly to me as (I am) to him. 他对我不像我对他那样友好。

51 【链接训练】 ①Scientists generally agree that Earth's climate will warm up over the next 50 to 100 years ________ it has warmed in the 20,000 years since Ice Age. A．so long as B．as much as C．as long as D．as well as 【解析】　这是一个表示同级比较的比较状语从句，比较的对象是上升的温度。句意为：科学家普遍认为，在未来的50年到100年间，气候将要变暖，其幅度相当于自冰川期至现在两万年间的气候变化。 【答案】　B

52 ②As is reported，Russia uses ________ energy as the whole of South America.
A．as twice B．twice much C．twice much as D．twice as much 【解析】　倍数的表达方式可以用“倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级＋不可数名词＋as”来表示。句意为：据报道，俄罗斯使用的能源是整个南美的两倍多。 【答案】　D

53 一、一般将来时的被动语态由“shall(will)＋be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。该句型是常见的一般将来时的被动式，表示单纯的将来事实，常与表示将来的时间状语如tomorrow，next week，in a few years等连用。使用时应注意下面句型由主动语态变为被动语态的方法： 1．主语＋谓语＋宾语 主动：We'll build a new house next year. 被动：A new house will be built (by us) next year.

54 2．主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 含有双宾语的主动语态，在变为被动语态时可将其中一个宾语改为主语，另一个不变，习惯上把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语。 主动：My mother will give me a shirt. 被动：I will be given a shirt (by my mother)． 注意：如果把直接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语前加 to 或 for。 A shirt will be given to me (by my mother)．

55 3．主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾补 主动：We'll ask him to help you tomorrow. 被动：He will be asked to help you (by us) tomorrow. 注意：含有复合宾语的主动句变成被动句时，将其中的宾语变为被动句的主语，宾补不变。但如果主动句的宾补是不带to的不定式，在变成被动句时，需加上to。 主动：I heard her sing a song just now. 被动：She was heard to sing a song just now.

56 二、一般将来时的被动语态的否定式及疑问式：
否定式：won't/shan't＋be＋及物动词的过去分词 疑问式：will/shall＋主语＋be＋及物动词的过去分词 三、注意一般将来时的其他几种被动语态形式： 1．be going to be done常用来表示按计划或安排将要发生的被动动作。 The new park is going to be opened to the public on National Day.新公园将于国庆节向公众开放。 2．be to be done表示按计划或安排将要发生的被动动作；表示“必须”，意思上相当于must或have to；表示“应该”，用来征求对方意见，意思上相当于should。

57 主动：We are to repair the machine tomorrow.
被动：The machine is to be repaired (by us) tomorrow. Your homework is to be handed in before Friday. 你的家庭作业要在星期五前上交。 What is to be done next? 下一步该怎么办？ 3．shall (will) ＋get＋过去分词(多用于非正式场合) 表示一种动作，有时用来表示意想不到的、突然发生的情况。 主动：I'll get the work done. 被动：The work will get done by me.

58 4．will＋become＋过去分词 The truth will become known. 四、将来时的被动语态也有时态变化： would/should be p．p. (过去将来时的被动式) Tom said the child would be sent to school. 汤姆说这孩子要被送去上学。 shall/will/would/should have been done (将来完成时的被动式) The building will have been set up completely in three years.这幢建筑物三年后将会竣工。

59 【链接训练】 ①A great number of reporters ________ London to report the 30th Olympic Games. A．is invited B．are invited C．will be inviting D．will be invited 【解析】　句意为：许多记者将要被邀请到伦敦报道第30届奥运会。由第30届奥运会可知，动作发生在将来，reporters与invite之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态，所以选D项。 【答案】　D

60 ②Mr.Li ________ certainly ________ a new house if more new houses ________.
A．will；be given；are built B．will；be given；will be built C．is；given；are going to be built D．will；given；are built 【解析】　分析句子的结构，这是一个复合句，从句是一个由if引导的条件状语从句，应用一般时表示将来，而主句应用一般将来时，另外，主从句的主语与谓语之间均为被动关系，故正确答案为A项。 【答案】　A

61 ③Her television is out of order and ________ tomorrow.
A．is repaired B．is to be repaired C．has been repaired D．will repair 【解析】　由时间状语tomorrow可知，应用将来时，因为television与repair之间存在动宾关系，故用被动语态，选B。 【答案】　B