Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express.

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express

Listening and speaking
Pronunciation and listening skills Conversations Passage

Listening for cause and effect
Listen to a passage and match each cause with its direct effect. Tips 在听涉及因果逻辑关系的听力材料时，可以通过区分表示原因和结果的表达来理解其前后文的因果关系。常用的表示原因的表达有because, for, since, because of, as a result of等。常见的表示结果的表达有so, as a result, lead to等。点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 4

Listen to a passage and match each cause with its direct effect. Cause Effect They hardly go to sleep before 11:00 p.m. They are short of sleep. They might fall asleep in class or while doing their homework. Many students cannot get enough sleep. Students have heavy workloads, poor study habits, or long commuting time. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 Many students have either a telephone or a computer in their bedroom. 5

Scripts A recent survey in Beijing shows that many middle school students suffer from a lack of sleep. Scientists suggest that junior high school students should sleep at least nine hours a day and senior high school students no less than eight hours. However, many students cannot get enough sleep. Therefore, they might fall asleep in class or while doing their homework. So it is not surprising that they get lower grades than those who get enough sleep. Many students are short of sleep because they have heavy workloads, poor study habits, or long commuting time, according to an expert. Also, many students have either a telephone or a computer in their bedroom. As a result, they hardly go to sleep before 11:00 p.m., but they have to get up early to go to school. 点击左上角的“Unit 1”的左半部和右半部可以前后翻页。点击“？”按钮可以打开更多的“tips”。展示答案请点击右下角的“钥匙”按钮，点击“扫把”按钮可以清空答案。 6

因果关系除了传统意义上的显性因果外，隐性因果同样是不可忽略的一个重要部分。
Listening for cause and effect Tips 因果关系除了传统意义上的显性因果外，隐性因果同样是不可忽略的一个重要部分。表示显性因果的词或词组：因： because, because of, for, as, since, in that, on account of, with 等果： so, so that, therefore, thereby, as a result, hence, thus, consequently, accordingly 等

Tips 表示隐性因果的词或词组：由······而来（果——因）： result from, derive from, originate from, initiate from, stem from, be attributable to 等导致（因——果）： cause, lead to, give rise to, result in, render, make, let, push, stimulate, fuel, produce 等

Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language Conversation 2 Exercises
Conversations Conversation 1 Exercises Functional language Conversation 2 Exercises Functional language

✔ ✘ ✔ ✘ ✘ To sit next to the woman. To open the window. To smoke.
Conversation 1 – Asking for/refusing/giving permission 1. Listen to a conversation and check the things the man wants to do. ✔ To sit next to the woman. ✘ To open the window. ✔ To smoke. 点击右下角的“ABC”按钮可以查看录音原文。 ✘ Word tips mind v. 介意 out of charge 没电的 To put on his coat. ✘ To use the woman’s phone.

Conversation 1 – Asking for/refusing/giving permission
2. Listen again and complete the following sentences with what you hear. Pay attention to the function of these expressions. 1. Hello, _____________ if I sit next to you? do you mind 2. Thanks. Oh, it’s a bit cold here. _____________ if I close the window? Is it all right 3. I’d rather you didn’t. I have a little headache and the fresh air helps. _________________ put on your coat if you feel cold? Could you please 4. Oh, sir, I need to make a phone call, but my phone is out of charge. _________________ if I use yours? Is it OK with you

Scripts Man: Hello, do you mind if I sit next to you? Woman: No, sir, you can sit here. Thanks. Oh, it’s a bit cold here. Is it all right if I close the window? I’d rather you didn’t. I have a little headache and the fresh air helps. Could you please put on your coat if you feel cold? All right! Well, would you mind if I smoke? I’m sorry, sir, please don’t. Smoking makes me cough. And the sign says “No Smoking.” OK. Thanks for reminding me. Oh, sir, I need to make a phone call, but my phone is out of charge. Is it OK with you if I use yours? Sure. Here you are. Thank you very much, sir. 12

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 A wants to cycle to Tibet during the summer holiday. He / She asks for his / her parents’ permission. (Sample) Situation 2 A wants to take part in a dancing show. He / She asks for his / her parents’ permission. (Sample) GUIDED CONVERSATION A: Ask for B’s permission to cycle to Tibet / take part in a dancing show. B: Ask why A wants to do it. A: Give your reasons. B: Refuse A’s request. A: Try to persuade B. B: Reject A’s ideas.

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Son: Mom, may I cycle to Tibet with my friends this summer? Mother: Go to Tibet by bike? Why do you have such a crazy idea? I’m so attracted by that place. Traveling by bike can make me fully enjoy the beautiful scenery. It is bound to do me good because I can build my character through challenging myself. I’m sorry, but you can’t. It is not as easy as what you’ve thought. It is too far from home and too dangerous. Please, Mom. I promise that I will take good care of myself. Moreover, if I find that I can’t make it, I will come back by train right away. No, please don't. I won’t let you do it.

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Daughter: Mom, is it all right if I take part in a dancing show next week? Mother: What makes you decide to take part in it? I think it may be a good way for me to demonstrate my dancing skills in front of the public. Sorry, you can’t take part in the dancing show this time. Remember, you are going to have a very important exam next month. You really need to focus on the preparation. I have been doing the preparation for quite a while. I’m sure that the dancing show won’t affect the exam. Besides, it can help me refresh my mind. I hate to let you down, honey, but it’s just not a good timing. I’d rather you didn’t.

Asking for permission Refusing
Conversation 1 – Asking for/refusing/giving permission Functional Language Asking for permission Refusing May / Can / Could I… ? Do / Would you mind if… ? Is it all right if… ? Is it OK with you if… ? Could you please… ? Sorry, you can’t. Yes, I do / would mind. No, please don’t. I’m sorry, but you can’t. No, of course not. I’d rather you didn’t. I won’t let you do it. 16

1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. Word tips logo n. 徽标；标志 infringe v. 侵犯 image rights 肖像权 track and field events 田径比赛项目

1. Listen to a conversation and choose the best way to complete each of the following sentences. 1. The conversation is likely to take place in ____. B A Bob’s dorm B Professor Smith’s office C the classroom 2. Bob needs Professor Smith’s advice on ____. B A a photo competition B a logo design contest C how to improve performance in the sports meet 3. Professor Smith suggests that Bob use ____in the logo. C A an athlete’s image B an image of a particular sporting event C an image that reflects the spirit of all the sporting events 18

T T F Conversation 2 – Asking for/refusing/giving permission
2. Listen again and decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T Bob plans to take part in the logo design contest for the coming sports meet. T Professor Smith thinks it will infringe on people’s image rights to use their images without permission. F The school sports meet only includes track and field events.

Scripts Bob: Can you spare me a few minutes, Professor Smith? Smith: Of course, Bob. I need your advice on a matter. OK. What’s the problem? Well, I’m going to take part in our school’s logo design contest, for the coming sports meet, you know. I’m wondering whether it would be all right if I took a photo of a school athlete and used it in the logo? Well, I don’t think it’s appropriate to use a person’s image to represent the whole school. What’s more, you may infringe on that person’s image rights if you use it without his or her permission. 20

Scripts Bob: OK. Then is it OK to use the image of a particular sporting event such as swimming? Smith: No, that’s the same. Our sports meet includes not only swimming events but also track and field events. So you’d better design an image that reflects the spirit of all of these events. Oh, I see. I’ll try to figure out a more suitable image. Thanks a lot, Professor Smith. You’re welcome. Good luck! 21

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. Situation 1 A’s computer broke down. He / She wants to use B’s computer to do the homework. (Sample) Situation 2 A wants to borrow the meeting room for their rehearsal of a play. He / She asks B for permission. (Sample)

3. Role-play a conversation in pairs according to one of the following situations. You may refer to the Functional Language. GUIDED CONVERSATION A: Ask B for permission to use his / her computer / meeting room. B: Refuse A’s request. A: Ask why B can’t do you a favor. B: Give your reasons. A: Suggest another time. B: Give your permission. A: Show thanks. 23

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 1 Robert: Hi, bro. My computer broke down. I wonder if I could use yours this evening. Jack: Sorry, I’m afraid that you can’t. Come on! Don’t be so mean. I have a paper due by the end of tomorrow. I really need to work on it. Why can’t you do me a favor? Sorry, I have to finish a quiz online and submit it by 8:00 p.m. today. Is it OK with you if I use your computer after 8:00 p.m. since you will have already submitted your quiz by then? All right! Thanks a lot.

Role play - Sample conversation Situation 2 Lisa: Hi, Mary. I’m about to call you. I’m wondering whether it would be all right if we borrow the meeting room for our rehearsal of a play tomorrow afternoon. Mary: I’m sorry, but you can’t. Why can’t we use it? Please do me a favor. I can’t find any better place to do our rehearsal. The English Club has already reserved the meeting room. They are going to have a meeting there tomorrow. Is the room available tomorrow evening? Is it all right if we use it from 6:00 p.m. to 8:00 p.m.? Sure. Thank you very much. I really appreciate that.

If you don’t mind, I’d like to…
Conversation 2 – Asking for/refusing/giving permission Functional Language Asking for permission Giving permission I wonder if… If you don’t mind, I’d like to… I’m wondering whether it would be all right if… OK. All right! Yes, you may / can. No, I don’t mind. You have my permission.

Doraemon 哆啦A梦（日本卡通动画形象） robotic adj. 机器人的 anime n. （日本）动画片
Passage 1. Listen to a passage and answer the following questions. Word tips Doraemon 哆啦A梦（日本卡通动画形象） robotic adj. 机器人的 anime n. （日本）动画片 ambassador n. 大使 appoint v. 任命 acceptance speech 受命演说

Japan’s foreign minister.
Passage 1. Listen to a passage and answer the following questions. 1. When did Doraemon first appear? _______________________________________ In 1969. 2. Who held a ceremony to give Doraemon a new role? _______________________________________ Japan’s foreign minister. 28

Passage 2. Listen again and check (✔) the tasks that Doraemon will do as an “anime ambassador.” ✔ 1 Travel around the world. ✔ 2 Make other countries become friends with Japan. ✘ 3 Help develop other countries’ cartoon culture. ✔ 4 Tell foreign people about what the Japanese think and how they live. ✔ 5 Make foreign people know what kind of future the Japanese hope to make.

Passage Scripts Doraemon is one of Japan’s most beloved cartoon characters. It has become popular around the world, especially in Asia, since its first appearance in Now this time-traveling robotic cat has taken on a new role as an “anime ambassador” to promote the nation’s culture. Japan’s foreign minister held a ceremony to appoint Doraemon as Japan’s first “anime ambassador” whose task is to make friends by traveling around the world. He said to the person who acted as Doraemon, “I hope you will travel around the world as an anime ambassador to deepen people’s understanding of Japan so they will become friends with Japan.” In his acceptance speech, Doraemon said that he was eager to promote Japanese culture, “I will do my best to tell people in foreign countries about what the Japanese think, how the Japanese live and what kind of future the Japanese hope to make.”

• In which film / comic book does it appear? • What is it like?
Passage 3. Work in groups to discuss your favorite cartoon character. You may discuss from the following aspects. • In which film / comic book does it appear? • What is it like? • What are its characteristics? / What makes it special? • Why do you like it?

Passage 3. Work in groups to discuss your favorite cartoon character. You may discuss from the following aspects. My favorite cartoon character is Jerry, which is a brown domestic mouse that appears in Tom and Jerry, a series of theatrical animated cartoon films centering on a rivalry between Tom, the cat and Jerry, the mouse. There are many funny stories between them. Jerry is quite clever. Instead of being a “frightened victim” of his pursuer Tom, he takes delight in winning, and often tortures Tom. What amazes me is that he can always run away from Tom. I like Jerry because it is so interesting and it makes me laugh a lot. 32

Passage A Passage B Reading My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse
Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand 33

My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse
Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse Lead-in Text study Exercises 34

Passage A – My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse
Lead-in Video appreciation Pre-reading questions 35

36

Pre-reading questions Check (✔) whether you have the following signs of cellphone addiction. ✔ 1 Reach for the cellphone as soon as you wake up. ✔ 2 Can’t leave home without the cellphone in hand. ✔ 3 Go into a panic when you can’t find your cellphone. ✔ 4 Answer phone calls or texts immediately, or respond in five minutes or less. ✔ 5 Check your with cellphone many times a day. ✔ 6 Text about 20 messages or more every day. ✔ 7 Engage in conversations and text everywhere, no matter who’s around. ✔ 8 Use a cellphone when you actually could talk to the person directly 37

Text study Text reading Organization of the text Language points 38

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse My name is Amy. I’m a 25-year-old graduate student who likes yoga, home-decorating, and eating spoonfuls of peanut butter straight from the jar. Oh yeah, and I’m an iPhone addict. I wasn’t always an addict. In fact, for many years I told myself I didn’t want a fancy cellphone. They seemed like too much work, always beeping, ringing, and demanding attention. I was perfectly content with my simple antique, and I didn’t anticipate changing my mind anytime soon. ______ __________________________________________________ 按图标S只显示需讲解的句子超链接；按图标W只显示需讲解的词汇和短语超链接；按扫帚图标清除所有超链接标记。按上箭头回到上一层。 _________________________ 39

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 3. However, about a year ago, I found myself envious of all those proud iPhone owners cradling their shiny new phones and showing them off to all their friends. I started eavesdropping on conversations about “iPhone apps,” feeling like a tourist listening to a language I couldn’t speak. 4. Eventually I couldn’t ignore my iPhone instinct any longer, and I welcomed my new iPhone into my life. I instantly fell in love with the little electronic ware of joy, and could no longer imagine a life without it. ________________________ ________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ _________________________ 40

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 5. To my surprise, I suddenly found myself with a whole new circle of friends—other iPhone owners I could go to for advice and support as I learned the various functions of my new device. They responded to my iPhone-related queries when my non-iPhone friends couldn’t, and didn’t roll their eyes when I bragged about all the things little Eloise (yes, I named her) could do. ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________ ___________________________ 41

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 6. For a couple of months I was living on iCloud nine as I built my new life with Eloise. However, I realized I had a problem when one day I found myself Google-mapping my way to my mailbox, which is just outside my front door. 7. When I reflected upon the past few months, I couldn’t believe I didn’t see this coming. All the warning signs were there. Eloise slept right beside me and was the first thing I reached for in the morning. I checked my about 20 times a day. I also experienced separation anxiety when I left poor Eloise in the locker room at the gym. What if she beeped and needed my response? Or, even worse, what if a careless gym-goer knocked her out of my bag and caused her screen to crack? __________________________________________________ _______________ __________________________________ ___________________________________________________ _____________________________ __________________________ ___________ 42

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 8. OK, so I was addicted to my iPhone. 9. Once I admitted I had a problem, things started to change. What used to feel like friendly notifications now felt like constant nagging I had to respond to. I hated that I could no longer leave the house without Eloise in my hand. Eventually, I resented Eloise so much that I wanted to throw her at the wall—and would have, too, if I weren’t worried about being reported for iPhone abuse. _________________________________________ _______________________________________________ ______________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ __________________________ 43

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 10. I decided something had to be done. But, as I quickly realized, iPhones are like cigarettes and are not easy to quit. 11. Then, while taking the bus to work one day, I was unexpectedly forced to quit—at least temporarily. When I reached into my purse to grab Eloise (to check my for only the seventh time that morning), I found her overcome by fever. She was so hot that I dropped her immediately back into my bag with barely enough time to comprehend the words “overheating” and “power-off” that flashed upon her screen. When I picked her up again, she was dead. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ _______________________________________ 44

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 12. My head was filled with panic as I attempted to revive it in vain. I couldn’t call anyone for advice. I couldn’t Google whether this had happened to any fellow iPhone parents. And when I finally arrived at work (luckily I found my office without Google maps to guide me), I learned that sick days do not apply to one’s iPhone children. ____ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ________________________________________________ ___________________ 45

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 13. The Apple Store was closed by the time I finished work, so I headed home worrying about an Eloise-less night. But, after a couple of hours without any text alerts, push notifications, or even good old-fashioned phone calls, I felt... calmer. After a few more hours I felt like a whole new woman, rising above the need for a silly... what was it called again? It had been so long I could hardly remember. ______________________________________________ ______________________________________________ _____________________________ 46

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 14. Without my electronic partner, I drifted off into the deepest slumber I’d had in months. The next morning, I read the news from a real newspaper, instead of from my iPhone. I even noticed the cherry blossoms blooming. 15. My goodness, what had I been missing? 16. But although it went against my newly redefined principles, I made my way to the Apple Store later that afternoon after admitting I’d need a phone sooner or later. 47

Passage A My rocky recovery from iPhone abuse 17. Half an hour later, I found myself yet again the proud owner of a new iPhone. When I turned it on, a wave of familiarity washed over me as it buzzed, calling me to note the missed texts and information over the past two days. As I rode home, I found myself frenziedly responding to messages of “where are u?” and “c u soon?” Suddenly, I was reminded of an old song: “I’ve got one hand in my pocket, and the other is”—death-gripping an iPhone. 18. Without finishing my text, I put my phone back into my purse and decided to just enjoy the ride for a while. ___________________________ _______________________________________________ ________________________________________ 48

Organization of the text Part I (Para. ______) 1 Self-introduction Part II (Para. ______) 2-8 Structure I became a mobile phone addict. Part III (Para. ______) 9-15 My phone broke and I enjoyed life without mobile phone. Part III (Para. ______) 16-18 I decided to enjoy life. 49

They seemed like too much work, always beeping, ringing, and demanding attention. (Line 2, Para. 2) 这些手机似乎太麻烦了，总是嘟嘟地叫，丁零零地响，让人不省心。 seem like 似乎；好像 like 是介词，后面接名词这句话的意思是：Phones cost too much effort of the users because they always beep, ring, and demand attention. 那时他的建议似乎是一个好主意。 His suggestion seemed like a good choice at the time. 50

…I found myself envious of all those proud iPhone owners cradling their shiny new phones and showing them off to all their friends. (Line 1, Para. 3) 我发觉自己开始羡慕那些拥有 iPhone 的人，他们会得意地握着闪亮的新手机向朋友们炫耀。 find oneself envious of sb. / sth.: 发觉自己羡慕某人/某事。 find oneself后接宾语补足语，含有出乎意料的意味，表示（突然）发现自己处于某种状态或来到某地方他醒来时发现自己在医院里。 He woke up and found himself in hospital. 他回到英国，发现自己竟出了名。 He returned to England to find himself famous. 51

… I found myself envious of all those proud iPhone owners cradling their shiny new phones and showing them off to all their friends. (Line 1, Para. 3) all those proud iPhone owners在句中作介词of的宾语，其后的cradling及showing一起构成宾语补足语。他就像一棵树站着一动不动。 He was like a tree standing really still. 这则新闻是有关几个想在山里找到财宝的女孩子的。 The news is about several girls hunting for treasure in the mountains. 52

I started eavesdropping on conversations about “iPhone apps,” feeling like a tourist listening to a language I couldn’t speak. (Line 3, Para. 3) 我开始偷听那些有关 iPhone 应用软件的对话，感觉自己就像一个旅行者，听着自己不会说的语言。 feel like: 感觉像。 feeling like a tourist listening to a language I couldn’t speak 为现在分词短语作状语。我喜欢和他们在一起，感觉像是他们家庭的一员。 I like being with them, feeling like one of the family. 53

To my surprise, I suddenly found myself with a whole new circle of friends—other iPhone owners I could go to for advice and support as I learned the various functions of my new device. (Line 1, Para. 5) 让我惊奇的是，突然间我发现自己有了新的朋友圈——随着我学会用新手机的各种功能，我可以向其他拥有iPhone的人寻求建议和支持。 other iPhone owners I could go to for advice and support as I learned the various functions of my new device. 作new circle of friends的同位语，其中I could go to for advice and support 作owners的定语从句，as引导状语从句。 54

For a couple of months I was living on iCloud nine as I built my new life with Eloise. (Line 1, Para. 6) 几个月以来，我开始了与艾萝依一起的新生活，iPhone让我感到兴奋不已。 on cloud nine: extremely happy 非常兴奋的；非常高兴的 iCloud: 苹果公司所提供的云端服务，使用者可以免费储存照片、音乐等内容。可提供丰富的社交体验等。这里作者巧妙地运用双关，说明作者拥有iPhone时的喜悦。 55

However, I realized I had a problem when one day I found myself Google-mapping my way to my mailbox, which is just outside my front door. (Line 2, Para. 6) 然而有一天，我发现自己用谷歌地图来导航如何到达我的信箱，而它就在我家前门的外边，此时我意识到情况不妙。 I had a problem为谓语realized的宾语从句；when引导时间状语从句。 Google-map在文中为动词，意为“用谷歌搜索引擎查找地图”。 56

(Line 6, Para. 7) What if she beeped and needed my response? 如果她嘟嘟地叫，需要我的应答怎么办？ What if: used to ask what you should do or what the result will be if sth. happens, especially sth. unpleasant 如果······怎么办；如果······将会怎样 What if your plan fails? 如果你的计划失败了怎么办？ What if it rains tomorrow? 如果明天下雨怎么办？ 57

What used to feel like friendly notifications now felt like constant nagging I had to respond to. (Line 2, Para. 9) 我曾经认为是友好的通知的，现在变成了我不得不回复的不断的唠叨。 what used to feel like friendly notifications是由what引导的主语从句。你该对你的钱所做的事情就是选择一家公司进行投资。 What you should do with your money is to choose a company to invest in. 58

Eventually, I resented Eloise so much that I wanted to throw her at the wall—and would have, too, if I weren’t worried about being reported for iPhone abuse. (Line 4, Para. 9) 到最后，我非常憎恨艾萝依，甚至想把它扔到墙上——要不是担心会因虐待 iPhone 被举报，我早就那么做了。 would have, too, if I weren’t是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气如果我是你我就告诉他事实真相。 I would have told him the truth if I were you. 59

When I reached into my purse to grab Eloise (to check my for only the seventh time that morning), I found her overcome by fever. (Line 3, Para. 11) 当我伸到包里取艾萝依时（我那天早晨才第七次去查看电子邮件），发现她很热。 be overcome by fever: 因高温受到极大影响文中采用了拟人（ personification ）的修辞手法，把手机比作人，意思是：My iPhone didn’t work because of high temperature. 60

And when I finally arrived at work (luckily I found my office without Google maps to guide me), I learned that sick days do not apply to one’s iPhone children. (Line 4, Para. 12) 当我最后到达单位的时候（幸运的是，这次没有谷歌地图的引导，我也找到了办公室），我意识到那样倒霉的情况并不适用于别人的iPhone。本句中的括号起补充说明的作用：我到达办公室没有借助谷歌地图的指引。 61

The Apple Store was closed by the time I finished work, so I headed home worrying about an Eloise-less night. (Line 1, Para. 13) 我下班的时候，苹果店已经关门了，所以我怀着晚上无法用艾萝依的担忧的心情回家了。 worrying about an Eloise-less night 为现在分词短语作伴随状语。。 The girl was left alone in the room, weeping bitterly. 女孩独自留在屋里，伤心的哭泣。 62

Suddenly, I was reminded of an old song: “I’ve got one hand in my pocket, and the other is”—death-gripping an iPhone. (Line 8, Para. 17) 突然，我想起了一首老歌：“我一只手插着兜，另一只手”——紧紧握着iPhone。文中用连字符连接作动词，意思是to hold sth. tightly（紧握；紧抓） 63

(Line 4, Para. 1) addict n. sb. who spends too much time doing sth. he / she likes对······着迷的人他已经七十岁了，仍然是一个足球迷。 He's 70 years old and still a football addict. v. to devote or give (oneself) habitually or compulsively对······着迷 be addicted to/addict oneself to: 对······着迷 She was addicted to rock music. 她痴迷于摇滚乐。 64

(Line 4, Para. 2) content a. happy or satisfied because you have what you want or need 满足的；满意的露西对自己现在的生活非常满意。 Lucy is pretty content with her life at the moment. 他对现在的工作心满意足。 He is content to stay in his present job. 65

(Line 4, Para. 2) content v. to make sb. feel happy or satisfied 使······满意或满足 Nothing would content her. 没有什么能让她满意。 content oneself with sth: accept sth, even though one would have liked more or better 满足或满意於某事物 As there's no cream, we'll have to content ourselves with black coffee. 既然没有奶油，我们只好喝清咖啡算了。 66

(Line 5, Para. 2) anticipate v. to see what might happen in the future and take action to prepare for it 期望, 预料 anticipate doing sth.: 预料到会做某事 I didn’t anticipate having to do the shopping myself! 我没有想到得自己一个人逛商店。 67

(Line 1, Para. 3) envious a. adj. wishing you had sth. that sb. else has 妒忌的；羡慕的 be envious of: 羡慕，嫉妒 She has always been envious of her sister’s long blond hair. 她一直嫉妒她姐姐的金色长发。 68

(Line 3, Para. 3) show off to show people sb. / sth. that you are proud of 炫耀；卖弄 She wants to show off her new necklace at the party. 她想在晚会上炫耀一下她的新项链。 69

(Line 4, Para. 3) eavesdrop v. to listen secretly to other people’s conversations 偷听 eavesdrop on sb./sth.: 偷听 For months the FBI had been eavesdropping on Martin’s phone conversations. 几个月来联邦调查局一直在监听马丁的电话谈话。 70

(Line 2, Para. 5) circle n. a group of people who are connected because they have the same interests, jobs, etc 圈子, 阶层, 界她交游很广。 She has a large circle of friends. 71

(Line 2, Para. 9) used to if sth. used to happen, it happened regularly or all the time in the past, but does not happen now 过去经常（一直）发生 I used to be very shy. 我过去非常害羞。 She used to come here every week. 她过去每周都来这里。 72

(Line 3, Para. 9) respond to answer or react to 对······作出反应，回应 She responded to my letter with a phone call. 她收到我的信，给我回了个电话。 The patient did not respond to treatment. 病人经治疗未见起色。 73

(Line 7, Para. 12) apply to to have an effect on or to concern a particular person, group, or situation （对······ ）适用；（对······）有效 The same rules apply to part-time workers. 相同的规则同样适用于兼职工人。 74

(Line 1, Para. 13) by the time used for saying what has already happened at the time sth. else happens 到······的时候 He had left by the time we reached home. 当我们到家的时候他已经离开了。 75

(Line 2, Para. 13) head vi. to go or travel toward a particular place, especially in a deliberate way （朝······ ）前进；（向······ ）去 head for / toward: 朝 ······ 行进 The ship was heading for Cuba. 船朝古巴方向行进。 76

(Line 1, Para. 16) go against to be opposed to sth. 违背 These strategies go against our plan. 这些策略违背我们的计划。 77

(Line 2, Para. 16) make one’s way 朝······行进；向······行走 I made my way toward the harbor. 这我朝港口走去。 78

(Line 8, Para. 17) remind sb. of sth. to make someone remember sth. that happened in the past 使某人记起某事 That song always reminds me of our first date. 这首歌总是让我想起我们第一次的约会。 79

Vocabulary & Structure
Passage A – Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary & Structure Translation 80

Passage A – Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 The writer has always been longing to have an iPhone. T 2 The writer found herself with a whole new circle of friends after she bought an iPhone. T The writer’s non-iPhone friends disliked her bragging about her new iPhone. T 4 The writer found that it was as difficult to quit iPhones as to quit cigarettes. F 5 The writer lost her iPhone on the way to work, so she had to buy a new one. 81

2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1 How did the writer realize that she was addicted to her iPhone? 2 Why did the writer drift off into the deepest slumber she’d had in months without her iPhone? Have you had similar experiences as the writer? 82

2. Work in groups to answer the following questions. 1 How did the writer realize that she was addicted to her iPhone? One day, the writer found herself Google-mapping her way to her mailbox, which is right outside her front door. At that moment, she realized she had a problem. 83

2. Work in groups to answer the following questions. 2 Why did the writer drift off into the deepest slumber she’d had in months without her iPhone? Because without any text alerts, push notifications, or good old-fashioned phone calls, she felt calmer. 84

2. Work in groups to answer the following questions. 3 Have you had similar experiences as the writer? Yes. When I don’t have my phone with me, I dare not go out; and when I leave my phone somewhere, I feel I lose my contact with the world. 85

Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
1. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. addicted frenziedly flash brag resent 1. His name was ____________ upon the screen. flashing 2. The fans were screaming ____________ as the superstar showed up. frenziedly 3. I don’t want the kids to get ____________ to TV programs. addicted 4. It’s obvious that he ____________ being dropped from the team. resents 5. I don’t mean to ____________, but my apple pie is the best. brag 86

2. Complete the following sentences with the expressions given below. Change the form if necessary. wash over reflect upon show off be content with drift off reflect upon 1. Birthdays are time to ______________ how much older you are. 2. I didn’t hear the storm. I must have ______________ by then. drifted off 3. He seems to ______________ a fairly minor role in the film be content with 4. As I read the report of the murder, a sense of fear ______________ me. washed over 5. He enjoys ______________ how well he speaks French. showing off 87

3. Add the suffix “-less” to the words given below. Then complete the following sentences with the words thus formed. home hope count meaning end 1. We’ve had enough of their ____________ complaining. endless 2. This medicine has saved my life, and the lives of ___________ people. countless 3. He had not heard her cry before in this uncontrolled, ____________ way. hopeless 4. It’s ____________ to just sit there and complain. Try to change it if you don’t like it. meaningless 5. A rescue team has been set up to help the people who became ____________ during the earthquake. homeless 88

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. There is a great person 1) _____ redefined the entire industry of computer and consumer electronics, transformed our lives, and 2)_____ a legendary success in human history. He is Steve Jobs. Everyone may be familiar 3)_____ him, especially with his products—iPhone, iTouch, and iPad. Steve Jobs was an American businessman, designer, and inventor. He is best known 4)_____ the co-founder, chairman, and Chief Executive Officer of Apple Inc. 1 A whom B who C whose ✔ ✔ 2 A achieved B wrote C finished ✔ 3 A with B to C about 4 A for B to C as ✔ 89

✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. In 1997, as Apple was floundering (深陷困境)_____, Jobs took 5)_____ of the company and was named “interim (临时的)_____ CEO,” or as he jokingly referred to it, “iCEO.” 6)_____ his leadership, Apple was saved from near bankruptcy, and became profitable by )_____ the next decade, Jobs oversaw the development of iMac, iTunes, iPod, iPhone, and iPad. The reinvigoration (重振) of the company is 8)_____ by some people as one of the greatest business turnaround stories. 5 A power B control C rights ✔ 6 A Over B Under C By ✔ ✔ 7 A Over B After C Past 8 A regarding B regard C regarded ✔ 90

✔ ✔ Passage A – Vocabulary and structure
4. Read the following passage carefully and choose the best word to fill in each blank. The Economist says: “Nobody else in the computer industry could put on a show like Steve Jobs. He spent his life packaging that magic 9)_____ elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.” In retrospect (回顾), Steve Jobs was a man 10)_____ of his time during his stint (任期) at Apple. 9 A to B into C from ✔ 10 A head B heading C ahead ✔ 91

Passage A – Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. 1. However, about a year ago, I found myself envious of all those proud iPhone owners cradling their shiny new phones and showing them off to all their friends. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 然而，大约一年前，我发觉自己开始羡慕那些拥有 iPhone 的人，他们会得意地握着闪亮的新手机向朋友们炫耀。 2. When I turned it on, a wave of familiarity washed over me as it buzzed, calling me to note the missed texts and information over the past two days. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 当我打开它，熟悉的嗡嗡声一波一波地传来，提醒我过去两天里错过的短信和消息。

Passage A – Translation
2. Translate the following sentences into English with the help of the words and expressions given in brackets. 随着网络的日益普及，沉迷于网络的人越来越多。最近的一项调查显示，大约10%的网络用户是网迷。他们每周花在网上的时间大约有30个小时。如何更加合理地利用网络，如何避免网络影响我们的正常生活，这是我们需要思考的问题。(addicted, according to, make use of, reflect upon) ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As the Internet gets increasingly popular, more and more people are becoming addicted to it. According to a recent survey, about 10 percent of Internet users are Net addicts. They spend about 30 hours on the Internet a week. How to make use of the Internet more reasonably and how to prevent the Internet from affecting our normal life are things that we need to reflect upon.

Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand
Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand Lead-in Text study Exercises 94

Passage B – Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand
Lead-in Andy Warhol Pre-reading activity 95

Andy Warhol (August 6, 1928 – February 22, 1987) was an American artist who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art. His works explore the relationship between artistic expression, celebrity culture and advertisement that flourished by the 1960s. After a successful career as a commercial illustrator, Warhol became a renowned and sometimes controversial artist. The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives. It is the largest museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist.

Warhol's art used many types of media, including hand drawing, painting, printmaking, photography, silk screening, sculpture, film, and music. He was also a pioneer in computer-generated art using Amiga computers that were introduced in 1984, two years before his death. He founded Interview Magazine and was the author of numerous books, including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol and Popism: The Warhol Sixties. He managed and produced the Velvet Underground, a rock band which had a strong influence on the evolution of punk rock music. He is also notable as a gay man who lived openly as such before the gay liberation movement. His studio, The Factory, was a famous gathering place that brought together distinguished intellectuals, drag queens, playwrights, Bohemian street people, Hollywood celebrities, and wealthy patrons. 这幅画作出自Andy Warhol创作的十副《毛泽东肖像》系列之一，整幅图案充满蓝色和绿色，在拍卖会上经过十几番叫价，最终以302,500美元成交。在1970年代初，Dennis Hopper与Andy Warhol喝酒时受到惊吓，随即向这幅《毛泽东肖像》连开两枪，一个枪孔留在画的左面背景，另一个枪是在右眼上方，之后Andy Warhol亲笔圈上弹孔，写下Warning Shot和Bullet Hole的真迹。

Warhol has been the subject of numerous retrospective exhibitions, books, and feature and documentary films. He coined the widely used expression "15 minutes of fame". Many of his creations are very collectible and highly valuable. The highest price ever paid for a Warhol painting is US$105 million for a 1963 canvas titled "Silver Car Crash (Double Disaster)". A 2009 article in The Economist described Warhol as the "bellwether of the art market". Warhol's works include some of the most expensive paintings ever sold. 这幅画作出自Andy Warhol创作的十副《毛泽东肖像》系列之一，整幅图案充满蓝色和绿色，在拍卖会上经过十几番叫价，最终以302,500美元成交。在1970年代初，Dennis Hopper与Andy Warhol喝酒时受到惊吓，随即向这幅《毛泽东肖像》连开两枪，一个枪孔留在画的左面背景，另一个枪是在右眼上方，之后Andy Warhol亲笔圈上弹孔，写下Warning Shot和Bullet Hole的真迹。

Pre-reading Work in groups to do the following activities. Look at the pictures on Page 79 and Page 80. Do you think they are works of art? Why or why not? Sample answer: I don't think they are works of art, because I fail to see any sense of art. They are just a series of similar pictures. I know they belong to Pop art, which presents a challenge to traditions of fine art by including images from popular culture such as advertising, news, etc. But as a kind of art, it’s really beyond my understanding and appreciation. I think that they are works of art. Art is what reflects our society and world and enables us to think. The two pictures choose the objects popular in daily life, making audiences easily relate to them. In this sense, the pictures are good works of art.

Pre-reading Work in groups to do the following activities. Read the title of the passage. What do you think the passage is about? Sample answer: This passage must be talking about Andy Warhol, who according to my knowledge, was an American artist, a leading figure in the visual art movement known as Pop art. 100

Text study Text reading Organization of the text Language points

Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand By the mid-1950s, Andy Warhol’s career in commercial illustration was really taking off. But what he wanted more than ever was to become a famous artist. Andy’s first illustration for the article “Success is a job in New York” now seems incredibly apt because within a couple of years he’d become one of New York City’s hottest commercial artists. His work appeared in Glamour, Vogue, Harper’s Bazaar. He also did record sleeves and book jackets and dressed windows for department stores. By the time he was 27, he was already making more than $100,000 a year, which was big money in the 1950s. But he still dreamt of being a real artist. 102

Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand For his work to be taken seriously as art rather than just illustrations, it had to be about something. It had to comment on the world around people and make them look at life differently. And the world that Andy saw was “boom-time America.” This poor kid who’d grown up during the Great Depression was obsessed by the 1950s’ consumer revolution: the glossy commercials for shiny cars, the supermarkets crammed with varieties of undreamt-of food. He loved this mass-produced world of plenty, and, with his commercial background, Andy thought he could create art that reflected it. _________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 103

Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand Andy loved Coca-Cola. He thought, “Why shouldn’t a bottle of Coke be a work of art?” And the next thing he did was so crucial in his development as an artist because he created this. And look, you can tell at once that suddenly here’s a much stronger, bolder style that’s all his own. It might not seem like much, but deciding to depict a commercial object on the canvas, and deciding to present it in this clean, graphic, and mechanical mode, was a huge deal in the art world at the time. And this turned Andy into the pioneer of a new movement called “Pop art.” ______________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 104

Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand Artists have always painted things from their everyday lives, like hay carts, vases of flowers, bowls of fruit. What “Pop art” said was that stuff from the commercial world and popular culture could also be art. And that’s how 32 cans of soup made it onto the walls of MoMA, America’s most important modern art museum. With these soup cans Andy finally managed to break into the high art world, with a landmark solo exhibition in 1962. ______________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 105

Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand When these cans were first shown, most people thought they were a joke, but they really mark Andy’s coming of age as a pop painter. The bright colors, the crisp, mechanical technique, the presentation of a series of nearly identical images, were all things that Andy would play with again and again. Like so much of his later work, these paintings were about the consumer society. And really they’re about us. Andy had begun a revolution, and what could now be classified as art would never be the same again. __________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 106

Passage B Andy Warhol: Turn high art into a brand Like it or not, we have Andy Warhol to thank for today’s artists who are obsessed with consumer culture and everyday objects. Now artists can stick anything ordinary—cola cans, designer trainers, Japanese cartoons—in a gallery and declare it art. Today, nearly 50 years after his glory days as a pop artist, his work has moved out of the gallery and into our everyday lives. It’s so strong, so reproducible, that it appears everywhere. With Andy Warhol, high art became a brand. His art about modern consumer culture has become part of it. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 107

Organization of the text Part I (Para. ______) 1 Andy Warhol wanted more than ever was to become a famous artist. Structure Part II (Para. ______) 2-9 Andy Warhol worked his way to be an artist. Part III (Para. ______) 10 With Andy Warhol, high art became a brand. 108

For his work to be taken seriously as art rather than just illustrations, it had to be about something. (Line 1, Para. 3) 为了让自己的作品被认真地看作艺术，而非仅仅是插画，作品就必须传达出一些东西。 to be taken 为不定式的被动语态，其构成形式为“to be done”。他恳求宽恕。 He begged to be forgiven. 他被邀请参加那天晚上举行的花园聚会。 She was invited to a garden party to be held that night. 109

For his work to be taken seriously as art rather than just illustrations, it had to be about something. (Line 1, Para. 3) 为了让自己的作品被认真地看作艺术，而非仅仅是插画，作品就必须传达出一些东西。 take sth. as sth.: 把······当作······；把······看作 ······ 他把对他的评论看做是对他的侮辱。 He took that comment as a personal insult. 110

This poor kid who’d grown up during the Great Depression was obsessed by the 1950s’ consumer revolution: the glossy commercials for shiny cars, the supermarkets crammed with varieties of undreamt-of food. (Line 4, Para. 3) 这个穷苦人家的孩子在大萧条时期长大，着迷于20 世纪50 年代的消费革命：为闪亮的汽车所做的浮夸的广告；有着做梦都想不到的品种繁多的食品的超市。 obsess: 使痴迷；使迷恋；使心神不宁（含贬义） be obsessed with / by sth. / sb.: 对某物或某人痴迷；因某物或某人心神不宁乔伊数月来一直痴迷于赚钱。 Joey has been obsessed with making a fortune for months. 111

This poor kid who’d grown up during the Great Depression was obsessed by the 1950s’ consumer revolution: the glossy commercials for shiny cars, the supermarkets crammed with varieties of undreamt-of food. (Line 4, Para. 3) 这个穷苦人家的孩子在大萧条时期长大，着迷于20 世纪50 年代的消费革命：为闪亮的汽车所做的浮夸的广告；有着做梦都想不到的品种繁多的食品的超市。 consumer revolution: 消费革命。20世纪50年代的美国人因为二战结束对经济前景抱着乐观主义情绪，所以消费行为更加大胆。据统计，当时各个社会阶层对多种类型的产品购买量都有明显上升。 112

It might not seem like much, but deciding to depict a commercial object on the canvas, and deciding to present it in this clean, graphic, and mechanical mode, was a huge deal in the art world at the time. (Line 4, Para. 4) 表面上看似乎没有什么大不了的，但是选择在画布上画一个商品，而且以如此整洁、图形化、机械的方式将其呈现，在当时的艺术界，这真是颠覆性的做法。 in… mode: 按照······的方式（风格）她通常穿着老式的服装。 She usually dressed in an old-fashioned mode. 113

It might not seem like much, but deciding to depict a commercial object on the canvas, and deciding to present it in this clean, graphic, and mechanical mode, was a huge deal in the art world at the time. (Line 4, Para. 4) 表面上看似乎没有什么大不了的，但是选择在画布上画一个商品，而且以如此整洁、图形化、机械的方式将其呈现，在当时的艺术界，这真是颠覆性的做法。 a big / huge deal: 至关重要的事失业问题是该地区至关重要的事。 Unemployment is a huge deal in the region. 114

And that’s how 32 cans of soup made it onto the walls of MoMA, America’s most important modern art museum. (Line 3, Para. 5) 这就是为什么 32 个浓汤罐头能够出现在美国最重要的现代艺术博物馆—纽约现代艺术博物馆墙上的原因。 make it: 获得成功我在想他们是不是能办得到。 I wonder if they can make it. America’s most important modern art museum 为 MoMA 的同位语。 115

With these soup cans Andy finally managed to break into the high art world, with a landmark solo exhibition in 1962. (Line 1, Para. 6) 凭借这些浓汤罐头，安迪最终打入了高端的艺术殿堂，1962 年的个人展览是他艺术生涯的里程碑。 manage to do sth.: 设法完成，努力完成（困难的事）她成功地用英语表达了她的意思。 She managed to make herself understood in English. 116

The bright colors, the crisp, mechanical technique, the presentation of a series of nearly identical images, were all things that Andy would play with again and again. (Line 2, Para. 7) 真正的创作者具有在他周围那些最平凡、最简单的事物中发现值得注意的东西的能力。该句的主语由三个名词并列构成：colors，technique, presentation。 that Andy would play with again and again 为定语从句，修饰先行词 all things。 117

Like it or not, we have Andy Warhol to thank for today’s artists who are obsessed with consumer culture and everyday objects . (Line 1, Para. 9) 无论你是否喜欢，今天着迷于消费文化以及日常生活用品的艺术家们都要感谢安迪·沃霍尔。 like it or not: 不管你喜欢不喜欢（强调令人讨厌的事是真的或即将发生，并且无法改变）不管你喜欢与否，你今天要开会。 Like it or not, you are going to the meeting today. 118

Like it or not, we have Andy Warhol to thank for today’s artists who are obsessed with consumer culture and everyday objects. (Line 1, Para. 9) 无论你是否喜欢，今天着迷于消费文化以及日常生活用品的艺术家们都要感谢安迪·沃霍尔。 have sb. to thank (for sth.): （某事）归功于（某人）我得感谢比尔帮我找到我的第一份工作。 I have Bill to thank for getting me my first job. 119

Now artists can stick anything ordinary—cola cans, designer trainers, Japanese cartoons—in a gallery and declare it art. (Line 2, Para. 9) 如今，艺术家们可以随便把一件司空见惯的物品，比如可乐罐、设计师设计的运动鞋、日本卡通，作为创作对象，把它们放在画廊中，并宣称这是艺术。句中破折号起举例说明的作用，说明 anything ordinary 都有哪些。 120

Today, nearly 50 years after his glory days as a pop artist, his work has moved out of the gallery and into our everyday lives. (Line 1, Para. 10) 如今，安迪作为一名波普艺术家的辉煌时期已经过去将近 50 年了。他的作品已经从画廊里搬出，走进了我们的日常生活。 glory days：辉煌岁月团队的光辉岁月是在1980年代末。 The team’s glory days are in the late 1980s. 121

(Line 2, Para. 1) take off 突然取得成功；开始走红她得了“中国之音”奖之后事业飞黄腾达。 Her career took off after she won a prize in “Voice of China.” 122

(Line 2, Para. 2) apt adj. 1. exactly right for a particular situation or purpose 适当的；恰当的在诸多方面，这个对比是恰当的。 In many ways, the comparison is apt. adj. 2. likely 易于······的；有······倾向的那天下午有下雨的倾向。 It's apt to rain that afternoon. 123

(Line 6, Para. 3) crammed adj. completely full of things or people 塞满的圣诞节期间购物中心挤满了购物的人。 The mall was crammed with shoppers during the Christmas holidays. 124

(Line 5, Para. 4) depict v. to describe or show a character, situation, or event in writing or in art 描绘；描述他被描绘成一个为信仰而死的英雄。 He was depicted as a hero who died for his beliefs. 125

(Line 5, Para. 4) present v. to show or describe sb. or sth. 描述；展现；表现艺术家决定呈现一个精准的画面。 The artist was determined to present an accurate picture. 126

(Line 1, Para. 6) break into 顺利进入，成功打入（某行业等）能成功打入电影行业一直是他的志向。 It’s always been his ambition to break into films. 127

(Line 1, Para. 8) classify v. to put people or things into particular groups according to the features that they have 把······分类鲸鱼被归类为哺乳动物，而不是鱼。 Whales are classified as mammals rather than fish. 128

(Line 3, Para. 9) stick v. 1. to put sth. somewhere quickly and without much care （随便）摆放，放置就把三明治放在我的桌子上吧。 Just stick that sandwich on my desk. v. 2. to push sth., usually a sharp object, into sth. else; to be pushed into sth. 把······刺入；插入护士把针扎进了我的胳膊。 The nurse stuck the needle into my arm. 129

(Line 4, Para. 9) declare v. to say officially and publicly that a particular situation exists or that sth. is true 宣布；声明一些国家想宣布南极为“世界公园”。 Several countries wanted to declare Antarctica a “world park”. 130

Vocabulary & structure
Passage B – Exercises Comprehension Vocabulary & structure Translation Oral work 131

Passage B – Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). F 1 By the mid-1950s, Andy had become a successful commercial illustrator. T 2 Though Andy earned a lot of money as a commercial illustrator, he always dreamt of being a real artist. F 3 Growing up during the Great Depression, Andy was resentful of the consumer revolution of the 1950s. 132

Passage B – Comprehension
1. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F). T 4 The show of the soup cans marked Andy’s coming of age as a pop painter. T 5 Nowadays, nearly 50 years after Andy’s glory days as a pop artist, his work has come into people’s everyday lives. 133

1. What do you think is Pop art about?
Passage B – Comprehension 2. Work in groups to discuss the following questions. 1. What do you think is Pop art about? Pop art is the abbreviation for popular art, a kind of art that emerged as a direct response to Abstract Expressionism. In my opinion, it was inspired by everyday objects, so everyone could appreciate and enjoy it. It used advertising images, photographs, or ordinary elements of consumerism (like soup cans, cereal boxes, etc.) to make people easily relate to them. 134

2. What characteristics can you find in Andy Warhol’s art?
Passage B – Comprehension 2. What characteristics can you find in Andy Warhol’s art? I think Andy Warhol’s artworks are characterized by simple, repeated images and strong, bright colors. 135

Passage B – Vocabulary and structure
1. Cross out (✘) the word in each group that does not belong. suitable correct proper drawing picture literature kind type brand way form method ✘ 1 apt 2 illustration ✘ 3 variety ✘ 4 mode ✘ 136

2. Complete the following sentences with the words given below. Change the form if necessary. mark identical solo depict apt 1. Her paintings ___________ the lives of ordinary people in the 20th century. depict 2. “Love at first sight” is a very ___________ description of how he felt when he saw her. apt 3. He had just completed his first ____________ album. solo 4. These two pictures are similar, although not ___________. identical 5. Her latest novel ___________ a turning point in her development as a writer and she was very proud of it. marked 137

3. Complete the following sentences with the expressions given below. Change the form if necessary. be classified as a series of break into take off be crammed with 1. There has been __________________attacks on tourists in the city this summer. a series of 2. This encyclopedia __________________ information about everything under the sun. is crammed with 3. She finally __________________ films after a successful stage career. broke into 4. Her novels __________________ serious literature rather than mere entertainment. are classified as 5. His business __________________ after World War II. took off 138

4. Combine the sentence beginnings in Column A with the endings in Column B to form complete sentences. Column A Column B By the time this letter reaches you,… … our families shape our lives and make us what we are. It might not seem like much,… … it’s hard to make plans. With all this uncertainty about the market,… … but speaking out against the authorities on such an occasion takes courage. Like it or not,… … I will have left for London. 139

Passage B – Translation
1. Translate the following sentences into Chinese. For his work to be taken seriously as art rather than just illustrations, it had to be about something. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 为了让自己的作品被认真地看作艺术，而非仅仅是插画，作品就必须传达出一些东西。 Today, nearly 50 years after his glory days as a pop artist, his work has moved out of the gallery and into our everyday lives. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ 如今，安迪作为一名波普艺术家的辉煌时期已经过去将近50年了。他的作品已经从画廊里搬出，走进了我们的日常生活。 140

Passage B – Translation
2. Translate the following sentences into English with the help of the words and expressions given in brackets. 安迪·沃霍尔被认为是“波普艺术”的先驱。从早年开始，沃霍尔就对摄影和绘画产生了浓厚的兴趣。大学毕业后，他找到了一份工作，为几家杂志做插图画家，但他真正的艺术生涯起步于 20 世纪 50 年代。（pioneer, from an early age, illustrator, take off） _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Andy Warhol is recognized as the pioneer of Pop art. From an early age, Warhol showed a strong interest in photography and drawing. After graduation from university, he found a job as an illustrator for several magazines. However, his real artistic career took off in the 1950s. 141

Words and expressions you may use
Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. Andy Warhol has a famous saying: “I want to be a machine.” He intended to eliminate craftsmanship (技艺), personality, and emotional color from his artwork, and quietly list the ordinary images. What do you think about his artistic principle? Words and expressions you may use • mass culture 大众文化 • elite culture 精英文化 • core spirit 精神核心 • avant-garde 先锋派的；前卫的 • mainstream 主流的 • pioneering 开创性的 • controversial 有争议的 142

Work in groups to discuss the following questions.
Passage B – Oral work Work in groups to discuss the following questions. I think that Andy Warhol’s artistic principle is very avant-garde (前卫的). His pioneering work was a reflection of a period when he felt that the ordinary elements of life were being overlooked because of the chaos and turmoil in the world. He knew that art could elevate the ordinary elements. He turned people’s expectations upside down by presenting commonplace objects, or repeated images as works of “fine art” simply by presenting them in a way that no one had ever thought of before. Andy Warhol was a visionary. He highlighted aspects of pop culture that are still popular in our society today. 143

Grammar Predicative clauses & appositive clauses (表语从句和同位语从句) Exercises

Grammar - Predicative clauses & appositive clauses
一、表语从句如果在句子中充当表语的是一个从句，那么这个从句就是表语从句。表语从句主要有以下三类：由连词 that和whether引导的表语从句（that有时可以省略）。 e.g. The truth is (that) I don’t get on well with my team members. The question is whether she will come or not.

The question is when they can get the ticket to the concert.
Grammar - Predicative clauses & appositive clauses 2. 由副词when，where，how，why引导的表语从句。 e.g. The question is when they can get the ticket to the concert. That’s where the accident took place. That’s why he can speak both English and Spanish so fluently. 3. 由代词who，which，what引导的表语从句。 e.g. The problem is who will stay and help us. What troubles us is which direction to go. My hometown is no longer what it used to be. 146

Grammar - Predicative clauses & appositive clauses
二、同位语从句如果在句子中充当同位语的是一个从句，那么这个从句就是同位语从句。同位语从句主要有以下三类：由连词that和whether引导的同位语从句。很多名词后可以接that引导的同位语从句以说明其内容。如：fact，news，idea，hope，report，opinion，suggestion，evidence，discovery，statement，belief，doubt，problem，conclusion，rumor等。这种用法中，that通常不省略。 147

It is based on the belief that all people are created equal.
Grammar - Predicative clauses & appositive clauses e.g. The news that he is going to take part in the play turned out to be false. It is based on the belief that all people are created equal. There’s a rumor that the exam papers have been stolen. The question whether he will be the new President is still unclear. 148

I have no idea why she left.
Grammar - Predicative clauses & appositive clauses 2. 由副词 when，where，how，why引导的同位语从句。 e.g. We haven’t settled the problem where we’re going to spend our winter vacation. I have no idea why she left. 149

The question who created that musical style is not clear.
Grammar - Predicative clauses & appositive clauses 3. 由代词 who，which，what引导的同位语从句。 e.g. The question who created that musical style is not clear. Have you any idea what time it is? 注：有时同位语从句可以和被修饰的名词分开。 e.g. An idea occurred to Mary that she could set up her own company. The story goes that Li Jie is in love with a foreigner. 150

4. What is troubling me is ____________ I can get to the hotel.
Grammar - Exercises 1. Complete the following sentences with appropriate words that introduce predicative clauses. 1. The reason why Tom was dismissed was _______ he was careless about his job. that 2. The very first question was _________ Jack would arrive for the interview. whether 3. I have no idea _______ Oscar was late for almost an hour for the game. why 4. What is troubling me is ____________ I can get to the hotel. how/when 5. What the hitchhikers (搭车者) want to know is ________ road they should take. which 6. This is just _______ I mean. what 151

Grammar - Exercises 2. Combine the two sentences in each group using an appositive clause. Sample: Our team won the game. The news is exciting. The news that our team won the game is exciting. 1. Every heavenly body (天体) has gravity. The discovery was made by Newton. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ The discovery that every heavenly body has gravity was made by Newton. 2. The meeting should be delayed. His suggestion was turned down. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ His suggestion that the meeting should be delayed was turned down.

2. Combine the two sentences in each group using an appositive clause.
Grammar - Exercises 2. Combine the two sentences in each group using an appositive clause. Sample: Our team won the game. The news is exciting. The news that our team won the game is exciting. 3. The President is going to resign. The news is untrue. _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ The news that the President is going to resign is untrue. 153

Writing Letters of thanks & letters of apology Exercises

Writing - Letters of thanks & letters of apology
感谢信是常用的一种礼仪性书信，一般在收到礼物、得到帮助或受到款待之后应写信致谢。感谢信的措辞应真挚、热情。感谢信的主要内容一般包括： 1 为某事表达感谢之情； 2 陈述感谢的具体事由，并对对方的赠予、帮助等给予贴切、诚恳的评价； 3 再次表示感谢或表达回报的愿望和美好祝愿。

Sample Dear Susan, 　　Now that I have become well enough to write, I want to express my sincere thanks not only to you, but also to your parents, for the kind treatment I received when I was down with flu at your home. 　　I am afraid that my being ill must have given you a lot of trouble, especially since you were busy preparing your graduate paper. But I know you and your parents will forgive me for being such a burden to you against my will. 　　I shall always remember your kindness with greatest gratitude, and I hope that I will be able to repay this great kindness someday. Please accept my sincerest thanks and give my best regards to your parents. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours truly, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Tina 156

第一段说明了写信的原委：身体已康复，对收信人及其父母表示感谢。第二段为信的主体，着重强调感谢的原因：在对方正忙的时候增添了麻烦，却得到了对方的善待和关爱。第三段再次表达了自己深切的谢意和回报的意愿，并表达了对收信人及其父母的美好祝愿。感谢信参考表达： Please accept my sincere appreciation for… I sincerely appreciate… I am very grateful to you for… It was nice / thoughtful of you to… I wish to express my profound appreciation for… 157

因过失、疏忽而做错事，给别人带来麻烦或损失，或因客观原因不能赴约或出席会议时，需要写信向对方道歉。致歉信的语气应诚恳。致歉信的主要内容一般包括：表示歉意，并说明道歉的原因提出补救建议；再次致歉，并请求谅解。 158

Sample Dear Prof. Patent: I am very sorry that I couldn’t manage to complete the book report you assigned last week because of a sudden illness a few days ago. For the past few days I have been in hospital with a high fever, which prevented me from any academic activity. I hereby submit the doctor’s note. I would be very much obliged if you could give me another week for the task, as my health is now getting better. I hope you can understand my situation and accept my sincere apology. Yours respectfully, Li Ming 159

第一段先就没能完成读书报告表示了歉意，并陈述了具体缘由，即生病住院。第二段提出了补救的措施：身体已经好转，如果再有一周的时间，就可以完成读书报告。第三段再次表示了歉意，并请求谅解。致歉信参考表达： I am very sorry to inform you that I did not… because of… I’m writing to apologize for… Will you kindly accept my apology for… ? I wish to offer my sincere apology for… I very much regret that… Please allow me to say sorry for… I would be very much obliged if you could… 160

Writing - Exercises 1. Write a letter of thanks in English according to the information given below. 你过生日时收到了 Lucy 送来的鲜花，写一封信向她表示感谢。信件要点包括： 1) 表达感谢之意； 2) 简要介绍你的生日聚会的情况，并说明 Lucy 送的鲜花令你的生日增色不少； 3) 再次表达谢意，并期待 Lucy 来作客。

Writing - Exercises 1. Write a letter of thanks in English according to the information given below. Dear Lucy, I am writing to express my sincere thanks for your beautiful flowers. I’d like you to know how much your flowers meant to me. You are so sweet to have selected the right gift for me. I not only enjoyed your flowers, but also the delicate vase. I invited many friends to my birthday party. Everyone at the party had a good time and they all loved the flowers. I hope to have the opportunity to do something in return for your kindness. And I will feel very happy if you have time to visit me sometime next week. How nice it would be to see you again! Would you please let me know when you will be free? I want to extend my thanks again for your lovely flowers. Please give my kind regards to your family. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Yours truly, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Huck

Writing - Exercises 2. Write a letter of apology in English according to the information given below. 你刚刚从加拿大学习回来，发现你忘了把 Bob借给你的一张CD还给他，写一封信向他表示歉意。信件要点包括： 1) 表示歉意，并说明理由； 2) 建议一种解决方式； 3) 再次致歉，并请求 Bob 谅解。

Writing - Exercises 2. Write a letter of apology in English according to the information given below. Dear Bob, I am writing to express my sincere apology to you. But before that, I’d like to take this opportunity to extend my heartfelt appreciation for the kind assistance you gave me during my stay in Canada. I really appreciate your generosity in sharing your treasured music CDs with me. Unfortunately, when I returned home, I found, to my surprise, there was one CD in my suitcase which I forgot to return to you due to my carelessness. To solve this problem, I would like to ask my friend Han Meimei to deliver this CD to you for me. She is going to your university next month and I have given your address to her. Once again, please accept my sincere apology for any inconvenience that I may have caused. I hope the settlement of the matter will meet your wishes. Yours sincerely, Li Ming

Culture express Video appreciation An ancient painting revived by high technology Questions

Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival (animated)
Culture express – Video appreciation Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival (animated) 166

Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival
Culture express – Video appreciation Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival (on World Expo 2010) 167

An ancient painting revived by high technology
Culture express - An ancient painting An ancient painting revived by high technology At the Shanghai World Expo in 2010, the animated (动画的) scroll (画卷) of the ancient painting “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival,” created by modern multimedia technology, was regarded as the star exhibit of the China Pavilion (中国馆).

Culture express - An ancient painting
The original “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival” was created by Zhang Zeduan of the Northern Song Dynasty. It is regarded as the most representative work of urban life in ancient China. The scroll painting is over five meters long and gives a full and vivid portrayal of the daily life of common folks back then. There are more than 1,000 people in the painting and every single person is unique.

Culture express - An ancient painting
The animated scroll is almost 30 times the size of the original painting. The elaborate computer animation tries to give life to all the characters and objects in the painting. Projected onto a giant screen of 130 meters long and 6.3 meters high, the animated scroll shows various details of the original painting with animation, such as the walking people and running water. You can also see vendors selling products on the streets, boatmen sailing along the rivers, and imperial officials being carried around in sedan chairs (轿子). If you get closer, you can even hear their conversations and the noise on the streets. All of these offer the viewers a stunning experience and the illusion of visiting Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, about 1,000 years ago. 170

Culture express - Exercises
Work in groups to discuss the following questions. In what way do you think high technology revives the ancient painting “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival”? Have you ever seen or experienced similar examples of high technology reviving ancient artwork?

Work in groups to discuss the following questions. In what way do you think high technology revives the ancient painting “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival”? The people in the original painting “Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival” are tiny. And they were painted on silk fabric, which is delicate, thus their image becomes obscure as time goes by. Undoubtedly, it’s very difficult for visitors to recognize the facial expressions of the characters. With the help of high technology, visitors now can see the characters clearly, and even hear the voice from the digital version of the painting. Thus, visitors can see a prosperous ancient city and feel the day-to-day life of its citizens in a different way, which is a completely fresh experience for modern people. In short, it is not a simple copy but the recreation of the ancient painting. 172

Work in groups to discuss the following questions. Have you ever seen or experienced similar examples of high technology reviving ancient artwork? The website of China’s Forbidden City has been updated in early October It aimed to offer visitors easier access to the imperial city and the ancient building complex. Through the website, visitors can have a virtual tour online as if they were in the museum. With just a click of the mouse, the viewer can take a three-dimensional tour of the museum. 173

Notation type here NoteBook 174

Content Listening and speaking Reading Grammar Writing Culture express.

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