Word Formation 12英语2班 袁承敏 王晓珏 仇丹妮 潘冬菊 吴爱婷 尹苗苗.

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1 Word Formation 12英语2班 袁承敏 王晓珏 仇丹妮 潘冬菊 吴爱婷 尹苗苗

2 Word-formation rules define the scope and methods whereby speakers of a language may create new words. Rules themselves are not fixed but undergo changes. 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 点击添加文本

3 compounding （复合法） Definition: Compounding consists of combining
点击添加文本 Definition: Compounding consists of combining two or more words into one which now expresses a single idea and functions as a separate lexical unit. 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 点击添加文本

4 ◎ Noun compounds e.g. weekend daybreak downpour 点击添加文本 ◎ Adjective compounds e.g. man-eating funny-looking ◎ Verb compounds e.g. overthrow whitewash sleepwalk 点击添加文本 ◎ Adverb compounds e.g. underfoot hotfoot outwards 点击添加文本 ◎ Preposition compounds e.g. Into upstairs without 点击添加文本

5 Affixation or Derivation （派生法或词缀法）
★It is a process of forming new words by the addition of a word element, such as a prefix, suffix, or combining form, to an already existing word. 点击添加文本 a.屈折词缀：复数-s，动词过去式-ed, 动词-ed分词和 -ing分词 ,形容词比较级和最高级-er,-est 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 b.派生词缀：1.前缀：prefix: un- in- trans- pseudo- 2.后缀：suffix: -able -less -ly -ify -ism 点击添加文本

6 Conversion(转化法） Noun—verb e.g. 1.Who chaired the meeting?
2.He pinned great hopes on us. 点击添加文本 Verb—noun e.g. 1 Let me have a try. 2 This is for winter wear. Adjective—verb e.g. 1. The result humbled him. 2. Don’t idle away your time 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 Adverb—verb e.g. 1.Truth will out workers there downed tools. 点击添加文本

7 Clipping (Shortening)
Definition: shortening a polysyllabic word by deleting one or more syllables 点击添加文本 Examples: Gasoline → Gas Hamburger → Burger delicatessen → deli laboratory → lab ■Acronyms APEC AIDS NATO 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 ■Blending words Beautility ( beauty + utility) Sitcom (situation + comedy) Medicate (medical + care) Workfare (work + welfare) ■Initialism FBI CIA p.m. HTML 点击添加文本

8 Back formation(逆生法) ■ Definition: Creative reduction due to incorrect morphological analysis. 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 ■ Examples: ■ Editor（1649) →edit(1791) ■ Television(1907) →televise(1927） ■ Paramedical(1921） →paramedic(1967) 点击添加文本 点击添加文本

9 点击添加文本 点击添加文本 Thank you 点击添加文本 点击添加文本