The Attributive Clause

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1 The Attributive Clause
定语从句

2 概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary.
定语从句相关概念 概念：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 The girl who is standing there is Mary. 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词。

3 关系词的3个作用： 1. 连接主从句。 2.指代先行词。 3.在定语从句中充当句子成分。

4 关系词 先行词所指 关系词在句中作用 关系 代词 that 人/物 主、宾 which 物 who 人 whom 宾 whose 定 副词 when 时间 时间状语 where 地点 地点状语 why 原因 原因状语

5 4、定语从句的分类： （1）限制性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，去掉它则主句含糊不清，不完整；限制性定语从句与先行词之间无逗号。作宾语的关系词常可省略。 （2）非限制性定语从句：是对先行词的补充说明，如果删掉它，主句的意义仍然是完整的；非限制性定语从句与先行词之间通常用逗号隔开，一般不用that引导。关系词不可省略。 如： The man who/that came first is Mike. I’ll never forget the day when we first met each other. His mother does morning exercises every day, which is good for her health.

6 定语从句的组成部分 She is an English teacher who likes singing songs. 修饰（定语从句）
被修饰:先行词 引导连接: 关系词 关系词: who，whom，whose, which, that, where, when, why

7 The man who I talked with is our teacher.
关系代词: 1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） The man who I talked with is our teacher. A person who steals things is called a thief. 2. whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略, 如介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who) I nodded to is Mr. Li. The man to whom I nodded is Professor Li. 3. whose是先行词的所有格，即可指人，又可代物，在从句中作定语，不可省略。 I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book whose cover is red.

8 These are the trees which were planted last year.
如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from? Is this the library from which you borrow books?

9 A plane is a machine. It can fly.
 that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略） A plane is a machine. It can fly. A plane is a machine that can fly. He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man (that) I told you about.

10 注意：介词提前时只能用which 而 不能用that 。
Is this the library from which you borrow books? from that

11 All that must be done has been done.
 that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。 先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, few, much, little等或由all, little, much, few, any 等不定代词修饰时 All that must be done has been done. I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (2)先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。 This is the first book (that) he has read. (3)先行词被the only, the very, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him.

12 (4)先行词既有人, 又有物时. They talked about the people and the things that they remembered in the school. (5) 当主句是以who或which 开头时,定语从句用that ,避免重复. Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk?

13 注意事项：1、 在非限定性定语从句中，只用which，不用that.
This is the hotel in which you will stay. b.如果有两个定语从句，其中一句的关系词是that，另一句用which. Let me show you the book that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.

14 a. 当介词放在关系代词前时，介词宾语只能用which代物，whom代人。且关系代词一律不能省略。
3、关系代词与介词 a. 当介词放在关系代词前时，介词宾语只能用which代物，whom代人。且关系代词一律不能省略。 例如：I want to find the pen with which I wrote that letter. b.介词在末尾时，可用that/which（代物），that/whom/who（代人）做介词的宾语，且这个介词宾语的关系代词可省略。 例如：The man whom/who/that/可省 he wants to see is in Shanghai.

15 Rules: Divide the class into two groups---boys and girls
Rules: Divide the class into two groups---boys and girls. Do the following exercises in turn to have a competition, add up scores in the end to get the Winner! vs

16 Exercises 1: 1.The man_______talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. which D. what 2. Can you tell me the name of the factory_____ you visited last week? A. what B. in where C. which D. when

17 3. The most important thing____ we should pay attention to is the first thing______I have said.
A. which; that B. that; which C. which; which D. that; that 4. She spent the whole evening talking about the things and persons____ none of us has ever heard of. A. which B. who C. whom D. that 5. Who is the person________ is talking about the accident ______ happened on Highway 104? A. which; which B. who; what C. that; which D. what; what

18 6.This is all____I know about the matter.
A.that B.what C.who D.whether 7.Is there anything else_____you want? A.which B.that C.who D.what 8.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall. A.which B.that C.where D.it

19 9. Please take the second chair_______is over there.
A. where B. which C. who D. that 10. Is oxygen the only gas_____helps fire burn? A.that B./ C.which D.it 11. Finally, the thief handed everything _____ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that

20 12. the weather turned out to be very good, ____
was more than we expected. A. what B. which C. that D. it

21 Exercises 2: Fill in the blanks with who, whom, whose, which and that. 1. The man ____ I saw told me to wait. who whom 2.  The man to _____ I spoke was a foreigner. whose 3. I know a boy ______ father is an acrobat.( 杂技演员 ) whose 4. He saw a house _____ windows were all broken. that 5. All the apples ____ fall are eaten by wild boars. that 6. Can you think of anyone ____ could look after him? 7. This is the best hotel ____ I know. that 8. He showed a machine ____ parts are too small to be seen. which

22 B A B B Exercises 3: 1. Is that the house ____ you bought last year?
A. where B. Which 2. Is that the picture ____you are laughing at? A. Which B. where 3. It is the most interesting book ____I’ll ever read. A. which B. that 4.The street ______is to the park is very narrow. A. where B. which B A B B

23 A B B B 5.The person __finds my watch will get a reward. A.who B. when
6.This is the room__we listened to the lecture. A.which B. where 7.The boy __mother is ill can not come to the party. A. Who B. Whose 8.Tell me the reason__you are late. A.which B. why B B B

24 whose whom/that which/that who that Exercises 4:
1. Look at that lady__________name is Pochi. 2. He is a teacher___________I like very much. 3. Those pictures____________were drawn by Tom are nice. 4. Those _____will go to the park stay here. 5. That was all the money ______I had. whose whom/that which/that who that

25 that that that when where 6. Tom is the first boy _____left the room.
7. Look at the boy and his dog _____are coming this way. 8. You can read any book _____I have. 9. That was the year _____I went to America. 10. we came to the town, _____we stayed for 2 hours. that that when where

26 Correction: Exercises 5:
1.The students who cleans the blackboard should be praised. 2.The radio set I bought it last week has gone wrong. 3.The only language which is easy to learn is the mother tongue. 4.The man spoke to me just now was our English teacher. 5.The reason why he told me is that his bike was broken. ____ clean 去掉it that man后加that\who that

27 Award Girl Boy To choose the winner

28 THE END