Learning about language

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1 Learning about language
Unit2 Learning about language Learning about language

2 Discovering useful words and expressions
《英语学习辅导报》出品 Discovering useful words and expressions (page 12) Find the word or expression for each of the following meanings from the text. 1 compete to take part in a sports event 1._____________ to allow to enter ( a course or sports competitions) admit 2._____________ someone who takes part in a sports competition athlete/competitor 3._____________ standard 4._____________ level of ability regular basis 5._____________ happening every time with the same amount of time in between 《英语学习辅导报》出品

3 short sentence or phrase expressing the beliefs of a person or group
replace 6._____________ to take the place of short sentence or phrase expressing the beliefs of a person or group motto 7._____________ responsibility duty to be in charge and get in trouble if things go wrong 8._____________ gymnasium 9._____________ special hall for physical exercise take part in 10.____________ to join in

4 someone who helps without pay
Choose the word or phrase that means almost the same as the word in italics. 2 swift nowadays stadiums volunteer stand for quick These days sports halls someone who helps without pay mean

5 Complete the passage with the words below in their proper forms.
3 Helena was a great ______ in the 5000-metre running race. She had won many prizes and wanted to ________ in the Olympic Games. So she practised hard every day in order to be ________ as a competitor. It didn’t take her long to reach the _______ for entering the Olympic Games. This made Helena eager to win a gold medal for herself and her _________. athlete compete admitted standard homeland

6 Unfortunately during the final , she was in front in her race when another competitor pushed her on purpose so that she fell down. Poor Helena lost her chance of a medal but the other woman had to take ____________ for breaking the rules. The judges felt sorry for Helena and gave her a special prize of an ___________ instead. responsibility olive wreath

7 Q: When and where will the next Olympic Games be held?
Discovering useful structures (page 13) Q: When and where will the next Olympic Games be held? ※The next Olympic Game will be held in London, 2012. 时态： 一般将来时 一般将来时的被动语态 语态： 被动语态 (will/shall be done) Can you find two more examples from Reading? Please write them down. 1_____________________________________________ And after that the 2012 Olympics will be held in London 2______________________________________________ A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built … 3____________________________________________ New medals will be designed of course and….

8 被动语态--- 一般将来时

9 被动语态顺口溜

10 动作谁做的不知道，说出谁做的不必要； 接受动作者要强调，用被动语态最为妙。
The promise has been carried out. A new library is being built near our house. Is Chinese spoken by many people outside China? The cook is liked by us all.

11 口诀二 宾变主，把“是（be）”补； 动词跟，变过（去）分（词）； 时与数，“是”随主（语）； 时态随原句，莫变要记准’
主语代词变宾格，成为by宾( 语)。 e.g. The workers will complete the stadium next year. The stadium will be completed next year (by the workers).

12 The writer writes such books for children.
Such books are written for children (by the writer). We love the Party. The Party is loved by us.

13 口诀三 被动不离“be”与“p.p.”，主谓一致莫忘记， 句中时态要留意，“进行”易漏一个“being”.
1. ---Have you moved into the new house? ---Not yet. The rooms _________. are being painted b. are painting c. are painted d. are having painted 2. They were cleaning their classrooms. Their classrooms were being cleaned by them.

14 一、一般将来时态的被动语态的基本结构的构成：
1．一般将来时态的被动语态的肯定式为：shall / will + be + done。(shall 用于第一人称；will用于各种人称) 如： We shall be punished if we break the rule. 如果我们违反规定，我们将要受到惩罚。 The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。

15 2．一般将来时态的被动语态的否定式为：shall / will + not + be + done.（可缩写成shan’t或won’t）如：
The meeting won’t be held tomorrow. 明天不再举行会议。 The exhibition won’t be put off till next week. 展览会将不会推迟到下周。

16 3．一般将来时态的被动语态的一般疑问句需将shall / will提到主语的前面。（回答用yes或no）如：
---Will the work be finished at once?  ---Yes, it will.  ---这项工作会立刻被完成吗？ ---是的，立刻就完成。

17 4．一般将来时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词 + shall / will + S + be + done。如：
When will these books be published? 这些书将在什么时候被出版？ Whom will this book be written by? 谁来写这本书？

18 二、一般将来时态的被动语态的其他结构构成：
1． 【 be going to be done】 The problem isn’t going to be discussed at the meeting tomorrow. 这个问题将不在明天的会议上被讨论。 ---Are these trees going to be cut down？ Yes，they are.  ---这些树将被砍倒吗？---是的，将被砍倒。

19 三、一般将来时态的被动语态的用法： 1．一般将来时态的被动语态的同它的主动语态一样，强调表示根据计划或安排将要发生的被动性动作。
The new film will be shown next Thursday. 这部新电影将在下周四上映。

20 2．在时间、条件状语从句中，常用一般现在时的被动语态代替一般将来时的被动语态。如：
When the dam is completed, the Changjiang River will be controlled. 当大坝竣工时，长江将得到控制。 If I am given enough time, I will go to Japan for my holiday. 如果我有足够的时间，我将去日本度假。

21 3．表示有固定性条件, 就有规律性被动结果。 如：
3．表示有固定性条件, 就有规律性被动结果。 如： Heated to 100℃, water will be turned into steam. 加热到100度时，水将会变成蒸气。

22 主动句变被动句： 1. We shall discuss the question at the next meeting. The question will be discussed at the next meeting. 2. I shall give you the book tomorrow. You will be given the book tomorrow. The book will be given to you tomorrow.

23 3. The chairman will ask us to attend the meeting
3. The chairman will ask us to attend the meeting. We shall / will be asked to attend the meeting (by the chairman). 4. He will soon decide when we shall have the meeting. When we shall have the meeting will soon be decided (by him).

24 5. If the weather permits, we will complete the works on time
5. If the weather permits, we will complete the works on time. If the weather permits, the works will be completed on time. 6. If you give me more time, I’ll work out the problem. If more time is given to me, the problem will be worked out.

25 1. Nobody _____________ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket.
Complete the rules below, using the words in brackets in the proper form. Rules for the Olympic Games 1. Nobody _____________ (allow) to enter the stadium without a ticket. 2. Children_________________ (not allow) to make a noise and upset the competitors. If they do, they will_____________ (take away) from the stadium. will be allowed will not be allowed be taken away

26 3. No animals _____________ (allow) in the stadium..
《英语学习辅导报》出品 Rules for the Olympic Games 3. No animals _____________ (allow) in the stadium.. 4. Cheating by athletes _______________ (excuse). They __________ (tell ) to leave and _______________.(punish) 5. No smoking will be _______ (allow). If you are discovered, you ___________ (fine) . will be allowed will not be excused will be told will be punished allowed will be fined 《英语学习辅导报》出品

27 单选题 1. These films ______ until tomorrow morning. A. can’t develop    B. aren’t developing    C. won’t be developed    D. won’t develop 2. Hundreds of jobs ______ if the factory closes.    A. lose         B. will be lost     C. are lost      D. will lose

28 3. —A party is going to ______ tonight. Would you like to go with me
3. —A party is going to ______ tonight. Would you like to go with me? —I’d like to, but I have to look after my sick mother. A. organize B. have been organized C. be organizing D. be organized 4. The water will be further polluted unless some measures ______. A. will be taken B. are taken C. were taken D. had been taken

29 5. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, the sports meet ______ in the playground of our school.
  A. is holding      B. will hold     C. will be held      D. is to be holding 6. The problem ______ in the coming meeting. A. is discussed    B. is discussing    C. is being discussed    D. will be discussed

30 7. The mistakes in the exercises will ______ the teacher. A. cross B
7. The mistakes in the exercises will ______ the teacher. A. cross B. be crossing C. be crossed by D. cross by 8. If city noises ______ from increasing, people ______ shout to be heard even at dinner. A. are not kept；will have to B. are not kept；have C. do not keep；will have to D. do not keep；have to

31 9. The work ______ soon. A. will be finished B. has been finished C
9. The work ______ soon. A. will be finished B. has been finished C. will finish D. finishes 10. I ______ if I finish the work within one day. A. shall be praised B. would praise C. will praise D. praise

32 Homework Review the new words in this unit. Do exercises after class.