动词不定式用法123 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，具有名词、形容词和副词的句法功能，在句中可以作除了谓语以外的其他成分。

Presentation on theme: "动词不定式用法123 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，具有名词、形容词和副词的句法功能，在句中可以作除了谓语以外的其他成分。"— Presentation transcript:

1 动词不定式用法123 动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，具有名词、形容词和副词的句法功能，在句中可以作除了谓语以外的其他成分。

2 1、动词不定式在句中的功能 1）、做主语 不定式做主语时谓语动词用第三人称单数，有时为了避免句子出现“头重脚轻”现象，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在句尾。 To learn English well is not easy. It is not easy to learn English well.

3 2）、作宾语 不定式作宾语，跟在及物动词后面，这类动词有：want，wish，like，decide，help，start，begin，forget，try，hope等，有的动词要求不定式带上疑问词（who，when，how，where，which等）构成的短语作宾语。如：show，know，tell，teach，learn等。 He decided to help her. I don't know how to tell you the news. 有时不定式宾语后面还带有补足语等其他成分时，常用it作形式宾语，把不定式宾语放在宾语补足语之后。如： I found it difficult to find a new job in the city.

4 3）、作表语 My wish is to reach there on time. Our idea is to climb up the mountain from the north. 4）、作宾语补足语 宾语补足语放在宾语的后面，补充说明宾语在干什么。如： My brother asked me to clean the room with him. Would you like me to stay here with you?

5 注意:某些动词后面带不定式作宾语补足语时要省掉标志to，这些动词常见的有：let，hear，make，see，feel，watch，notice等。如：
The policeman saw a child play in the street. The boss（老板） made them work more than 12 hours a day.

6 5）、作定语 不定式作定语要放在被修饰语的后面。 I have good news to tell you. She is the first to come to school. 6）、作状语 不定式作状语表示目的时可放在句首或句尾。 To learn English well, you must study hard every day. He came here to ask for his book. 当用作程度、结果状语时常与副词enough或too连用。 He is old enough to go to school. He is too young to go to school.

7 2、不定式的复合结构 不定式的复合结构由“for\of + sb. +不定式”构成。用于当不定式动作的逻辑主语不是句子的主语时。 It's impossible for us to finish that work in a day. The car is too expensive for me to buy. It's very kind of you to help me. 此时，当句子的表语同时也是不定式逻辑主语的本质特征、特性等时，一般选择of结构。如： It's very nice of him to lend me his bike at that moment

8 3、不定式的否定结构 不定式的否定结构由“not+不定式”构成。 Please tell your child not to play in the street.

9 1. Would you please tell me next. A. how to do B. what to do C
1.Would you please tell me 　　　　　　　　　next? 　A.how to do　　　　　 B.what to do 　C.what do I do　　　 D.how I should do 2.The girl wasn't 　　　　　　　　　　to lift that bookcase. 　A.too strong　　　　　 B.enough strong 　C.strong enough　　　 D.so strong 3.For a time his grandmother found 　　　　　　accept his new idea. 　A.hard　　 B.it hard　　 C.it hard to　　 D.it is hard to 4.As she has never been there before,I'll have someone 　　　　　　　　　　her the way. 　A.show　　 B.to show　　 C.showing　 D.showed

10 5.You 　　　　　　　　　　drive slowly. The roads are wet. 　A.had rather　　　 B.would rather 　C.had better　　　 D.would better
6.Nothing can make the brave soldier 　　　　　　　　　　his country. 　A.turn against　　　 B.to turn against 　C.to turn to　　　　 D.turn to 7.In the old days it was difficult for the poor 　　　　　　　　　　a job. 　A.find　　 B.to find　　 C.look　　 D.to look for 8.When learning a foreign language, try our best 　　　　　　　　　　the spirit of it. 　A.master　　 B.hold　　 C.take hold of　　 D.to master

11 9. It was foolish his car unlocked. A. for him to leave B
9.It was foolish 　　　　　　　　　　his car unlocked. 　A.for him to leave　　　 B.of him to leave 　C.for him leave　　　　　 D.him to leave 10.Remember 　　　　　　　　　　the newspaper when you have finished it. 　A.putting back　　　 B.put back 　C.to put back　　　　D.will put back 11.Napoleon spoke so loudly as to 　　　　　　　　　　in front of his soldiers. 　A.hear　　　　　 B.be heard　 　C.listen　　　　 D.be listened to 12.Television and radio 　　　　　　to know what is going on all over the world. 　A. made it possible of us　 　B. have made us possible 　C. have made it possible for us 　D. D.have made it be possible for us

12 13. I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry. A. for leaving B
13.I have enjoyed my visit here. I'll be very sorry　　　　　　　　 . 　A.for leaving　　　　B.to leave 　C.if leaving　　　　 D.to have left 14.I don't see how I could possible manage 　　　　　　　　　the work without 　　　　. 　A.to finish； helping　　　 　B.to finish；being helped 　C.finishing；helping　　　 　D.finishing；being helped 15.We all think it most foolish 　　　　　　　　　　this mistake. 　A.for you making 　　　 B.of you to make 　C.you to make　 　　　　D.for you to make

13 16. Because of air pollution being greatly reduced,this city is still
16.Because of air pollution being greatly reduced,this city is still　　　　　　　 . 　A.a good place which to be lived in 　B.a good place to live 　C.a good place to live in 　D.a good place to live for 17.—You were lost on your way to the lake, weren't you? —Yes, we were and had to stop 　　　　　　　　　the way. 　A.asking　　 B.to ask　　 C.asked　 D.to be asked 18.She felt it a great shame 　　　　　　　　　　so severely in the presence of her boy friend. 　A.to criticize 　　　　　　B.to have criticized 　C.to be criticized 　　　 D.to have been criticized

14 19.The advertisements are trying 　　　　　　people to buy things they don't really need. 　A.persuade　　 　　　　　　 B.persuading 　C.be persuading　　 　　　 D.to persuade 20.If you were much younger, I would arrange 　　　　　　　　　as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work. 　A.for you to work 　　　 B.of you to work 　C.for you work 　　　　　 D.you work 21.On our way back home, we 　　　　　　　　　　lunch because we felt hungry. 　A.stopped to have　　　 B.stop to have 　C.stopped having　　　　D.stopped to have 22.I did nothing but 　　　　　　　　　　my lessons last Sunday. 　A.go over　　 B.to go over　　 C.went over　　 D.go on