副 词.

Presentation on theme: "副 词."— Presentation transcript:

1 副 词

2 副 词 副词的类型（略） 副词的构成 本身就是副词: often, rather …
副 词 副词的类型（略） 副词的构成 本身就是副词: often, rather … 由形容词加词尾-ly变化而来: rapidly, simply, easily, fully, truly, historically… 有些单音节词可以直接用作副词，而不必加-ly: far, fast, late, hard … 副词和形容词同形: early, enough…

3 以 ly 结尾的形容词 friendly, motherly, fatherly, womanly, manly, heavenly …
daily, weekly, monthly, quarterly, yearly … lovely, orderly, timely, deadly, lively, costly …

4 易混淆的(同源)副词 clean “完全地” cleanly “干净利落地” clear “完全地” (= clean) “隔开，不接触”
clearly “清楚地” 但下列结构两者均可： He spoke loud(ly) and clear(ly).

5 close “近” closely “细心地，严密地，紧密地” direct “直线地，不绕圈子地” directly “直接地” (与“间接地”相对) “立即，马上” hard “努力地” hardly “几乎不” easy 只用于某些固定搭配中 easily “容易地”

6 high / highly high: 常用在指具体意义的“高”及某些固定结构中,如： aim high 力争上游，
hold one’s head high 骄傲 search high and low 到处搜寻 highly: 通常指抽象意义的“高”，也可用来修饰形容词，表示“很，极”，如： He spoke highly of her. The book is highly interesting.

7 right / rightly right: 能作多种解释，用以修饰副词、 介词，或在句中作状语 Go right home.
That’s the book, right in front of us. Nothing seems to go right with me. rightly: 通常置于动词之前，“正确地”

8 wide “宽地”（具体） widely “广泛地”（抽象） free “免费地” freely “自由地” deep “深地”（具体） deeply “深地”（抽象）

9 特殊的副词 much She didn’t talk much. I’m not much good at singing.
That was much the best meal I’ve had for years. She is much too busy to see visitors.

10 副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法 She went farther and farther away.
The more I thought, the more extraordinary did it appear. We’d better not disturb him. You ought to know better than to go out without an overcoat on such a cold day. He was going to answer me back, but he thought better of it. I had best have your opinion first.

11 副词的用法与位置 I never have heard this song.
I’ll meet you this afternoon at three. He is enough old to understand it. 频率副词（如always, usually, often, seldom…）通常置于助动词与动词之间。 小单位副词在前，大单位副词在后 程度副词（如very, much, too, so, quite, rather, pretty…）通常置于被修饰语之前，但enough须置于被修饰语之后。

12 He is respected highly by his colleagues.
The music sounds too loudly. respected之后有修饰语by his colleagues, 所以highly不能置于过去分词之后。 连系动词（如be, seem, appear, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, become, turn…）后面需接形容词

13 – Are you happy? – I am certainly.  在省略句中，副词应放在助动词或情态动词之前。