International Business Documentations

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1 International Business Documentations
Bill of Lading Unit 11

2 ‘Title and Ownership of Goods’
What is ‘title and ownership of goods’? Title（物权）of goods? Ownership（所有权） of goods? Transaction of ownership of goods in trading 贸易过程中，货物所有权的交易 Change of title of goods in the execution of a contract 在执行贸易合同过程中，货物物权的转移

3 BEFORE THE TEXT of BL Show me a real bill of lading? Yes. Let’s look at the beautiful lady.

4 Unit 11 – Bill of Lading Page 136 To demonstrate in 7 parts + 7 summaries.

5 Bill of Lading (Page 136) – Part 1
Term: Bill of lading 海运提单 (BL Form) Lade - load cargo on board a ship / a vessel Background(首先对提单有个基本的认知) : The main shipping document in international trade is Bill of lading. Bill of lading to be issued and signed by master of a performing vessel, or by ship’s agent on behalf of the master. Bill of lading issued in THREE original, normally, but not always.

6 Front page of BL提单的正面条款
The front page contains the columns (栏目) of Shipper(托运人) Consignee(收货人) Notify address / Notify Party(被通知方) Vessel’s name(船名) Port of loading(装货港) Port of discharge(卸货港) Shipper’s description of goods(托运人对货物的描述) Gross weight or quantity(毛重或数量)

7 Front page of BL The front page contains the columns of Place and date of issue(提单签发日期) Number of original bills of lading(提单份数) Signature(提单签署) 举例： FOR AND ON BEHALF OF THE MASTER MASTER’S NAME: CAPT. RENE S. MESTIOLA MV BIWA ARROW 代表船长签发 船长姓名：CAPT. RENE S. MESTIOLA MASTER OF MV BIWA ARROW

8 Front page of BL The front page further contains: Shipped at the Port of Loading in apparent good order and condition on board the Vessel for carriage to the Port of Discharge or so near thereto as she may safely get the goods specified above. Weight, measure, quality, quantity, condition, contents and value unknown.

9 Front page of BL – Summary 1
In apparent good order and condition To the port of discharge or so near thereto Weight, measure, quality, quantity,… unknown.

10 Front page of BL – Part 2 The front page further contains: P.136 In witness whereof the Master or agent of the said vessel has signed the number of bill of lading indicated below all of this tenor and date(本提单期限和日期), any one of which being accomplished the others to stand void. Summary 2: One BL once accomplished, other Bs/L stand NULL and VOID (一份提单一旦办理了提货，其余的提单即失效）P.136 Null =价值为零的 Void = 法律上无效的

11 Front page of BL – Part 3 Freight term on front page Freight Term（运费条款）从运费条款看出交货条件： one of the three shall be put on a bill of lading: 1. freight to collect (运费到付）  FOB 2. freight prepaid （运费预付） CIF / CFR 3. freight payable as per C/P（按租船合同规定支付）  FOB or CIF / CFR (提单引入租船合同) Summary 3: 从运费条款看出贸易合同的交货条件

12 Reverse page of BL提单背面条款 – Part 4
The reverse page further contains: 1. General Paramount Clause(首要条款) (a)the Hague Rules to apply(适用海牙规则) (b)the Hague-Visby Rules to apply(适用海牙-维斯比规则)

13 Reverse page of BL提单背面条款
The reverse page further contains: General Average to adjusted and stated as per York-Antwerp Rules (共同海损理算和处理适用约克-安特卫普规则 *有关共同海损的国际公约) Cargo owner’s contribution to G.A(货方对共同海损的分摊) shall be paid to the carrier(承运人) even if the carrier has made mistakes (即使承运人有过失，仍然能从货方获得共同海损费用的分摊)

14 Reverse page of BL提单背面条款
The reverse page further contains: 4. New Jason Clause(新杰逊条款) 5. Both-to-Blame Collision Clause(船舶碰撞互有责任条款)

15 Short Form B/L (Page 140) 简式提单-背面条款
Charter Party incorporated (引入租船合同, 如CongenBill 1994) General Paramount Clause （首要条款） the Hague-Visby Rules（海牙-维斯比规则） General Average （共同海损） New Jason Clause （新杰逊条款） Both-to-Blame Collision Clause（双方有责碰撞条款）

16 提单背面条款 (Page 140) – Summary 4
Paramount Clause = the Hague-Visby Rules 提单是国际贸易的基础，海牙-维斯比规则是提单的基础 General Average Clause New Jason Clause Both-to-blame Collision Clause Charter Party incorporated in short form BL.

17 BL – The 3 functions(提单的职能 Page 138) - Part 5 **重点**
A document of title(物权凭证） An evidence of contract of carriage (双方同意的运输条件与条款的证明) A receipt of goods by a performing vessel (承运人收到货物的收据） (* Different sequences of the three concepts in text book)

18 Three Functions of Bill of Lading
1) Receipt of goods by the carrier(承运人收到货物的收据) 2) Evidence of contract of carriage(运输合同的证明) Two forms of BL have different purpose. -Public Carrier公共承运人  Liner BL (引入the Hague-Visby Rules) -Private Carrier专用承运人  tramping BL - incorporated with(引入) （1）the Hague-Visby Rules（海牙-维斯比规则） （2）Charter Party（租船合同）

19 3 functions of Bill of Lading
3) Document of title 物权凭证 - Bill of Lading Act 1855 (England) 法律上确定了提单作为物 权凭证的地位 - Creditability (提单的可信性 *提单代表了货物，见单 如见货物） - A holder of a clean BL can believe in the ‘cleanliness’ of the BL? 清洁提单持有人相信手中提单吗？

20 3 functions of BL – Summary 5
The THREE functions of B/L. A receipt of goods by the carrier of the carrying vessel; An evidence of contract of carriage between shipowner and shipper, or bearer of the bill of lading A document of title to the goods carried. Note: B/L is taken as the cornerstone of international trade. Therefore, no understanding of B/L means no awareness of international trade and cargo traffic and insurance.