非谓语动词的一些注意事项 1. 省去to的动词不定式 2. 在主从复合句中，从句中的主语和be动词可以同时 省略的问题。

Presentation on theme: "非谓语动词的一些注意事项 1. 省去to的动词不定式 2. 在主从复合句中，从句中的主语和be动词可以同时 省略的问题。"— Presentation transcript:

1 非谓语动词的一些注意事项 1. 省去to的动词不定式 2. 在主从复合句中，从句中的主语和be动词可以同时 省略的问题。
3. 主动形式表被动的意思或被动形式表主动的意思 4. 动名词的复合结构 5. 独立主格形式 6. With复合结构

2 1.省去to的动词不定式 感官动词和使役动词后作宾补(“一感二听三让五看半帮助”)
Will you please have Jim come over tomorrow? 以why开头的省略疑问句中 Why not join us in the game? “前有do,后省to”, but, except, besides, 等介词所在的句中 Don’t do anything silly, such marry him. 此前省略to

3 2.被动形式表主动 【典例1】________with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. A．Faced B．Face C.Facing D.To face be faced with ...(面临……)，这种结构表示一种状态，在句中作状语，故选A项。本题的题干还可以转化为： Because we were faced with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time.

4 省略问题中有这样一种题型：在主从复合句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，并且从句的谓语动词中有be动词时，那么，从句中的主语和be动词可以同时省略。这类问题应该引起重视。

5 在高考中，此类词作状语时不表被动而表主动。 具有相似用法的结构还有：
be lost in ...(陷入……中)， be dressed in ...(穿着……)， be blamed for ...(因……被责备) be seated in/on ...（坐在…… ） be lost / absorbed in （沉溺于…… ） be born in（出身于…… ） be tired of （厌烦…… ）等等。

6 3.主动结构表示被动含义  be worth（值得） , want ( 需要), need(需要), require(需要)，deserve（应该） 当它们后面所接的动词与句子的主语是动宾关 系时，用动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式。 例如:   Your hair wants/needs cutting = Your hair needs to be cut .

7 I need ________ there by bike，but something is wrong with my bike
I need ________ there by bike，but something is wrong with my bike. It needs ________. A．going；being repaired B. to go；repairing C．to go；to repair D. go；to be repaired 答案　B He deserves ________. A．promoted B．promote C．to be promoted D．to promote 答案　C

8 4.不定式主动形式表被动意义 动宾关系 I had an important lecture to attend.
“be+性质adj. + 不定式” The problem is impossible to solve. 不定式与疑问句连用时 What to do next hasn’t been decided. 某些不定式与be连用时: blame, rent, seek等。 The house is to rent.

9 句中的主语又是不定式的逻辑宾语时，通常用不定式主动形式表示被动意义 ,例如:
 　　  主语+be+形容词+不定式”句型中, 形容词easy、difficult、heavy、hard、nice、bitter、dangerous、interesting、important、expensive、 comfortable、pleasant、impossible 句中的主语又是不定式的逻辑宾语时，通常用不定式主动形式表示被动意义 ,例如: 　That question is difficult to answer. Chickens ’ legs are nice to eat.

10 The armchair is very comfortable ________.
A．to sit B．to sit in C．sitting in D．for sitting down 答案　B We found the exercise difficult ________ without the help of the English teacher. A．to be done B．to do C．to do it D．of doing

11 英语容易学。 English is easy to learn. 这本书很难理解。 The book is very hard to understand. 她不知道坐哪路公共汽车。 She doesn't know which bus to take.

12 5.动名词的复合结构 His coming made me very happy.
I don’t like young people smoking. 我的迟到让老师生气。 My being late for school made my teacher angry. 你介意我打开门吗？ Would you mind my opening the door ?

13 6.独立成分作状语 英语中有些分词或不定式作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有： generally/frankly/honestly/speaking 一般/坦白/老实地说； judging from/by ... 根据……来判断； considering ... 考虑到； to tell you the truth /to be honest compared to/with ... 与……相比 说实话

14 7.．独立主格结构。(只作状语） 分词(短语)作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子的主语一致。 当分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，也就是两者不 能构成逻辑上的一致关系时，则使用独立主格结构。 独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子主语不同，其间一般 用逗号隔开 构成形式： 名词/代词＋[分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语]。 Weather permitting, we will go for an outing next week. 如果天气许可，我们下周去郊游。 The job done, we all went home. 工作完成之后，我们就都回家去了。

15 非谓语动词的独立主格结构 Lots of homework to do, the boy had to stay at home all day.（表将来） The little girl ran away, her hand waving in the air.（表主动+正在进行） The thief sat alone, hands tied behind his back. （表被动）

16 其他词类的独立主格结构 His stomach empty, he looked for something to eat when he came back. Class over, the students rushed out of the classroom. He came out of the library, a thick dictionary under his arm.

17 9.with复合结构 “with＋宾语＋非谓语动词”是一种特殊的结构，可以在句中作定语或状语。 The living room is clean and tidy，with a dining table already ________ for a meal to be cooked A．laid B．laying C．to lay D．being laid 答案　A

18 with/without+ 复合宾语 The day was bright, with a fresh breeze blowing.
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. Don’t speak with your mouth full. The boy headed home, with his schoolbag on his back. He came out without saying a word.

19 非谓语动词解题 四大步骤

20 C ___ A （一）分析句子结构,辨别“谓语与非谓语”
______many times , but he still couldn't understand it . C ___ 注意连词 A 2. ______many times , he still couldn't understand it . A. Having been told B. Being told C. He had been told D.Though he was told

21 3.It ___ a hot day, we’d better go swimming. C
4. ____ a rainy day ; we decided not to go there. E is B. to be C. being D.It being E. It was F. been 注意标点符号

22 （二）找逻辑主语 非谓语动词虽不能作谓语，但仍具有动词特点，其逻辑上的动作执行者就叫做逻辑主语。
1.Walking along the street one day, she saw a little girl running up to her. 2.She is reading a book found on the way. 3.Most of the artists invited to the party were from South Africa. 一般来说，作状语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是句子的主语； 作宾补的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是宾语； 作定语的非谓语动词的逻辑主语是被修饰词。

23 B D 1._______ everything into consideration,
A.to take B. taking C. to be taken D. taken 1._______ everything into consideration, they ought to have another chance. B they D 2.Everything ______　into consideration, they ought to have another chance. Everything

24 （三）分析语态 Jane A. run B. running C.to run D. ran
分析语态就是在确定逻辑主语之后，分析非谓语动词 和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系。 “You can’t catch me !” Jane shouted, _______ away. A. run B. running C.to run D. ran 2. _____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police. A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing Jane the two students

25 （四）分析时态 C ____ B ________ D ________
1. The building ____now will be a restaurant . C ____ B 2. The building ____ next year will be a restaurant . ________ D 3. The building ______last year is a restaurant. ________ having been built B.to be built C.being built D. built

26 方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态
三. 非谓语动词解题步骤 一. 辨别“谓与非谓” 二. 找逻辑主语 三、分析语态 四、分析时态 方法总结： 谓非谓，找主语，析语态，定时态

27 Practice

28 1. A railway station is not a place for a child _____ alone at night.
A. leave B. leaving C. to be leaving D. to be left 2. We were warned _____ the fish which might give us a slight stomach upset. A. not to eat B. not eating C. to eat not D. eating not 3. _ themselves awake they sat on the floor and told each other stories. A. Keep B. Keeping C. To keep D. To have kept 4._____ these children _____ what you want is a science I can tell you! A. Getting; done B. Get; done C. To get; to do D. Getting; to do 5. When you're learning to drive，__ a good teacher makes a big difference. A. have B. having C. and have D. and having

29 6. A few days after the interview， I received a letter ___
me the job. A. offered B. offering C. to be offering D. having offered 7. The plane crashed，_____ all 200 people aboard. A. killed B. having killed C. killing D. had killed 8. He was always the first _____ and the last _____ the office. A. to come， to leave B. coming， leaving C. to come， left D. coming， left 9. Robert is said _____ one of my classmates the other day， but I don’t know who she is. A. to marry B. to have married C. to be marrying D. being married 10.With everything she needed____, she left the shop. A. buying B. to buy C. bought D. to be bought