语篇型语法填空题 解读 福州一中 李景明

1999 年高考全国卷 Ⅳ. 单词拼写（共 10 小题, 每小题 1 分） 根据下列句子及所给汉语注释，在句子右边的横线上，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式. （每空只写一词） 76. Don‘t ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 浪费 ) your money on silly things. 77. The wind turned my ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 伞 ) inside out. 78. I ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 认出 ) Mike the moment I saw him ． 79. Do you know the ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 平均 ) monthly rainfall in this area? 80. Sleep is ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 必要 ) to health. 81. This bus can carry 60 ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 乘客 ). 82. Fifty years ago, Chairman Mao ＿＿＿＿ ( 宣告 ) the founding of the People’s Republic of China. 83. She looks ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 面熟 ) to me, but I don’t remember her name. 84. What is the best-known chain of fast-food ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 餐馆 ) in the world? 85. They lived in London until quite ＿＿＿＿＿ ( 最近 ).

2015 年高考新课标全国卷 I 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（ 1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo,China It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn’t care. A few hours __2__, I’d been at home in Hong Kong, with __3__(it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain. I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__(painting). Instead, I’d head straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it’s only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo __7__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers __8__(conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it __9__(regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__(live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.

语篇型语法填空题的特点： 1. 在一篇 200 词左右的语言材料中留出 10 个空 白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式，根 据上下文填写空白处所需内容或提供单词的正 确形式。 2. 纯空格题填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。

Topic for today → Ashrita Furman’s story Tasks: 1. Read and complete a story about Ashrita Furman and his records. 2. Remember to find out some clues to help you fill in the blanks. 3. Solve problems according to the context.

Breaking records Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. Over the last 25 years, he _________ (break) nearly 93 Guinness records. More than twenty of these he still ______ (hold), including the record for having the most records. Ashrita Furman

He was born to break records. fastest mile on a kangaroo ball balancing on a Swiss ball underwater cycling

I. Achievements Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. Over the last 25 years, he _____ (break) nearly 93 Guinness records. More than twenty of these he still ______ (hold), including the record for having the most records. → 动词形式变化 ——1. 谓语的变化（时态、语态、 语气）

I. Achievements Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. Over the last 25 years, he _________ (break) nearly 93 Guinness records. ( he still ______ (hold) more than twenty of these ), including the record for having the most records. → 括号中的句子为倒装句，建议还原成陈述句, 有助于分析题目。 clue ↗

I. Achievements Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. Over the last 25 years, he _________ (break) nearly 93 Guinness records. More than twenty of these he still ______ (hold), including the record for having the most records. → 时态题需关注句子的时间信息，乃至语段 的时间信息。 has broken holds

II. His childhood Yet this talented sportsman is not a natural athlete. As a child he _____ (be) very unfit and not at all interested in sports. However, he __________ (attract) by the Guinness Book of World Records.

II. His childhood Yet this talented sportsman is not a natural athlete. As a child he _____ (be) very unfit and not at all interested in sports. However, he _____________ (attract) by the Guinness Book of World Records. → 注意根据时间拐点信息对时态做相应变动！ was was attracted

III. Various records ___________ (inspire) by the book, Ashrita began his amazing record- breaking journey. Recently, Ashrita achieved his dream of breaking a record in all seven continents, including hula hooping in Australia, pogo stick jumping under water in South America, and ______ (perform) deep knee bends in a hot air balloon in North America. → 动词形式变化 ——2. 非谓语动词（不定式、 动词的 ing 形式、过去分词）

III. Various records __________ (inspire) by the book, Ashrita began his amazing record- breaking journey. Recently, Ashrita achieved his dream of breaking a record in all seven continents, including hula hooping in Australia, pogo stick jumping under water in South America, and _________ (perform) deep knee bends in a hot air balloon in North America. → 判断为非谓语动词考点后同样要注意分析主被动关系。 performing Inspired

While Ashrita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not. It takes a lot of concentration and a great sense of balance _______ (stay) on it. III. Various records

While Ashrita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not. It takes a lot of concentration and a great sense of balance _______ (stay) on it. III. Various records → 针对非谓语动词题，还应注意积累固定句 式，尤其是 it 做形式主语和形式宾语的句型。 to stay → 考查固定句型： It takes sb … to do …

______ (cover) a mile in the fastest time while doing correct lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. III. Various records

( ______ (cover) a mile in the fastest time while doing correct lunges ) is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. III. Various records → 括号部分为本句的主语

_______ (cover) a mile in the fastest time while doing correct lunges is yet another event in which Ashrita is outstanding. III. Various records → 解答非谓语动词题不仅要注意搭配和句型， 往往还要分析句子成分。 Covering

IV. Requirements While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and _______ (fit) as well as determination.

While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and ______ (fit) as well as determination. → 词形变换题常可根据前后词的词性做出判断。 fitness IV. Requirements

While these activities might seem childish and cause laughter rather than respect, _______(actual) they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. → 有的词形变换题前后并无明显的提示词，这 时往往需要把形容词转化成副词来修饰后面 整个句子。 actually IV. Requirements

V. His teacher Aged 16, Ashrita discovered an Indian teacher called Sri Chinmoy who lived in his neighbourhood. His teacher says that it is just as important for people to develop their bodies _____ it is to develop their minds.

→ 解题一定要瞻前顾后寻找突破口，尤其是固定句式！ as V. His teacher

With the help of his teacher, he came to ______ understanding that his body was just an instrument of the spirit and that he seemed to be able to use his spirit to accomplish anything. V. His teacher

With the help of his teacher, he came to ______ understanding that his body was just an instrument of the spirit and that he seemed to be able to use his spirit to accomplish anything. → 像冠词、介词这样的细节考点同样值得认真把握！ 通过这种题型能提高自己思维的细致和严谨性。 the V. His teacher

Every time Ashrita tries to break a record, he reaches a point ______ he feels he cannot physically do any more. At that moment, he goes deep within himself and connects with his soul and his teacher. V. His teacher

Every time Ashrita tries to break a record, he reaches a point ______ he feels he cannot physically do any more. At that moment, he goes deep within himself and connects with his soul and his teacher. → 涉及定语从句引导词的题目，一定要遵循还原法！ where V. His teacher

逻辑关系题 Ashirita has broken so many Guinness records. _______, this talented sportsman is not a natural athlete. As a child he was very unfit and not at all interested in sports. _______ Ashirita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not. It takes a lot of concentration and a great sense of balance to stay on it. → 考查上下文逻辑关系的题目，往往是难点和易错点， 一定要细看文章，从上下文联系中理顺作者的观点和态度！

逻辑关系题 Ashirita Furman has broken so many Guinness records. ___________, this talented sportsman is not a natural athlete. As a child he was very unfit and not at all interested in sports. _______________________ Ashirita makes standing on top of a 75 cm Swiss ball look easy, it is not. It takes a lot of concentration and a great sense of balance to stay on it. However Though / Although / While

Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. He __1__ (break) more than 300 Guinness records so far, more than twenty of __2__ he still holds. While these activities might seem childish, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. Think about the fine neck adjustments __3__(need) to keep a full bottle of milk on your head while you are walking. Yet this talented sportsman is not a natural athlete. As a child he was very __4__ (fit) and was not at all interested in sports. __5__, he was attracted by the Guinness Book of World Records. __6__ (lucky), he met an Indian teacher called Sri Chinmoy who believes that there is no limit to people’s physical __7__ (ability). The motivation to keep trying to break records comes through his devotion __8__ Sri Chinmoy. Every time Ashrita tries to break a record, he reaches a point where he cannot physically do any more. At that moment, he goes deep within __9__ (he) and connects with his soul and his teacher. Ashrita always keeps his teacher’s words in mind: “ __10__ is only one perfect road. It is ahead of you, always ahead of you.” 语法填空

Ashrita Furman is a sportsman who likes the challenge of breaking Guinness records. He __________ (break) more than 300 Guinness records so far, more than twenty of ________ he still holds. While these activities might seem childish, in reality they require an enormous amount of strength and fitness as well as determination. Think about the fine neck adjustments ________ (need) to keep a full bottle of milk on your head while you are walking. Yet this talented sportsman is not a natural athlete. As a child he was very _______ (fit) and was not at all interested in sports. __________, he was attracted by the Guinness Book of World Records. _________ (lucky), he met an Indian teacher called Sri Chinmoy who believes that there is no limit to people’s physical _________ (ability). The motivation to keep trying to break records comes through his devotion _____ Sri Chinmoy. Every time Ashrita tries to break a record, he reaches a point where he cannot physically do any more. At that moment, he goes deep within __________ (he) and connects with his soul and his teacher. Ashrita always keeps his teacher’s words in mind: “ ________ is only one perfect road. It is ahead of you, always ahead of you.” has broken which needed unfit However Luckily abilities to himself There

语篇型语法填空题解题策略： 1. 牢记语篇意识，切不可生搬硬套语法规则。 2. 通篇考虑，掌握文章的主题；合理运用已学 的语法知识得出正确的结论。 3. 养成做题找线索，依据线索推断词性、词形 和词义的做题习惯。 4. 填好各空后，再将文章复读一遍，把答案放 到全文中来检查，如果发现前后矛盾或句子 不通顺，证明有可能出现错误，这时候就要 重新予以考虑。

语篇型语法填空题的几个训练来源： 1. 历年高考和省质检真题 2. 教材中的语篇和练习 3. 各种媒介（报刊、广播、网站等）的 地道短文

Book 5 Unit 1 Reading 设计： John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, __1__ he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became __2__ (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people __3__ (expose) to cholera. This was the __4__(dead) disease of its day. __5__ its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every __6__ there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled __7__ its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that __8__ (possible) explained how cholera killed people. Finally, he found that the water was __9__ (blame). He suggested that __10__ source of all the water supplies be examined.

历年高考和省质检真题 设计： 34. It was a real race _______ time to get the project done. Luckily, we made it. (2013 年全国 新课标 I 卷 ) A. over B. by C. for D. against 28. Life is always full of hardships. ________ a better life, we need positive energy. (2015 年 福建省质检卷 ) A. Live B. To live C. Living D. Lived

BBC 设计： Two British holidaymakers have told of the moment they _________ (narrow) escaped death when a 40-ton humpback whale crash- landed on their kayak. Tom and Charlotte from London ________ (paddle) off Monterey Bay in California when the whale suddenly breached and ________ (drag) them under water. Onlookers feared the ________ (bad) as the pair disappeared from view. Yet, remarkably, they ___________ (leave) without a scratch and the only damage was a small dent to the kayak’s bow.

BBC Two British holidaymakers have told of the moment they narrowly escaped death when a 40-ton humpback whale crash-landed on their kayak. Tom and Charlotte from London were paddling off Monterey Bay in California when the whale suddenly breached and dragged them under water. Onlookers feared the worst as the pair disappeared from view. Yet, remarkably, they were left without a scratch and the only damage was a small dent to the kayak’s bow.