八種基本句型結構 (簡單句)

1.S+Vi 主詞(名詞或代名詞)+不及物動詞Subject(Noun/Pronoun)+Intransitive Verb 注意:主詞放名詞或代名詞，動詞要隨主詞單複數 變化 例: (1) The sun shines. (現在式) (2) Flowers bloom. (現在式) (3) They left. (過去式) (4) The child is crying. (現在進行式) (5) The children are crying. (現在進行式)

2.S+Vi +Adv. Or Adv. Ph. 主詞+不及物動詞+副詞或副詞片語 例: (1) She laughed loudly. (2) He ran fast. (3) They left yesterday. (4) Tom will come next Monday. (5) My mother is sitting on the sofa.

3.S+LV +S.C. (N/Adj) 主詞+連綴動詞+主詞補語(名詞/形容詞) 注意:(1)聯綴動詞主要是be動詞(be動詞中文只有三 個意思：是、在、到)和感官動詞(feel, look, sound, taste, smell 及 become, seem, turn, get, grow, keep) (2)若為be動詞，則後面可接地方副詞為補語。 (3)主補(S.C.)如果是名詞時，照中文順序直接翻 譯，但是如果形容詞時，要注意中文的be動詞 (是)會省略，英文要補上一個be動詞。

例：S+LV+S.C. (N) (1) I am a boy. (2) He is a sales manager. (3) This was our house. (4) Tom became a movie star. (5) We are from Taiwan. 例：S+LV+S.C. (adj) (1) Rachel was tired. (2) They looked happy. (3) Tom felt sorry. (4) His face turned pale.

(4)聯綴動詞(LV)沒有動作，只有連結主詞(S)和主 補(S.C.)的關係，所以主詞(S)和主補(S.C.)必須 是同樣的事，可以互換位置，倒過來寫。 例: (1) Tom is my brother. = My brother is Tom. (2) My name is Mary. = Mary is my name.

4.S+ Vt + O Subject+Transitive Verb+Object 主詞+及物動詞+受詞(名詞/代名詞) 注意: (1)句中如有副詞(時間/地點)，要搬到句尾。 (2)動詞片語 (不及物動詞+介系詞)如turn on, care about, talk to, listen to等也可當作及物動 詞使用。 例: (1) I have two brothers. (2) We have no bananas in our fridge. (3) I ate an egg yesterday. (4) Please confirm your order. (5) He turned on the lights. (6) We care about him.

5-1.S+ Vt + I.O. +D.O. 主詞+授與動詞+間接受詞(人)+直接受詞(物) 例: (1) My boyfriend gave me a present. (2)Please send us your sample. (3) She didn’t tell him the truth. (4) We can give you 5% commission. (5) Tom bought me a house. (6) She made me a card.

5-2.S+ Vt +D.O.+ Prep.+ I.O. 主詞+授與動詞+直接受詞(物)+介系詞 + 間接受詞(人) 注意：間接受詞(人)放在直接受詞(物)後面，要多放 一個介系詞，動詞give, send, tell, introduce , write …的介系詞多用to，但是有些動詞例外： buy, make, bring 要用for。 例: (1) My boyfriend gave a present to me. (2) Please send your sample to us. (3) She didn’t tell the truth to him. (4) We can give 5% commission to you. (5) Tom bought a house for me. (6) She made a card for me.

6.S+Vt +O.+O.C. (N/Adj) 主詞+不完全及物動詞+受詞+受詞補語(名詞/形容詞) 注意:動詞後面需加受詞補語的動詞，稱為“不完全 及物動詞”常用的有 call, keep(保持), make(使得), find, ask, let, think, elect… 例: (1) We think your price too high. (2) We find many boxes broken. (3) People call him Peter. (4) He made me happy. (5) We elected him chairman.

7. There + Be V+ S (Noun) + adv. (地點/時間) +BeV=有)，There +BeV後面，要馬上跟一個名詞(= 主詞)，再把地點/時間放在句尾，不可再加have， 寫成There are have 就錯誤。 例: (1) 樣品室裡有很多產品(地點+有) There are many samples in the showroom. (2) 我們公司附近有一家飯店(地點+有) There is a restaurant near our company. (3) 昨天日本有地震(時間+有) 　　　There was an earthquake in Japan yesterday. (4) 夏天有很多颱風(時間+有) There are many typhoons in the summer.

8. It + BeV + N/Adj./ Adv. (名詞/形容詞/副詞) 和事情 例: (1) It is cold. (2) It is Dec, 25, 1997. (3) It is noisy. (4) It is far from our office to the factory. (5) It is on the table. (6) It is important.

Exercise 句型練習

1. S+Vi 鳥飛 _______ _______. 星星閃耀 (閃耀twinkle) _______ _______ _______. 鳥飛 _______ _______. 星星閃耀 (閃耀twinkle) _______ _______ _______. 她睡著了 _______ _______ . 他死了 _______ _______ . 月亮消失了(消失disappear) 6. 狗不會飛 _______ _______ _______ .

2.S+Vi+ Adv. 1. 鳥在天上飛 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 2. 他去年死了 1. 鳥在天上飛 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 2. 他去年死了 _____ _____ _____ _____. 3. 月亮消失在雲後(在雲後 behind the clouds) 4. 他早起 _____ _____ _____ _____ . 5. 顧客下星期一將會來 (顧客client) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .

3. S+ LV +S.C. 車子在車庫裡 (車庫garage) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 他似乎很生氣 _____ _____ _____. 故事聽起來很奇怪 _____ _____ _____ _____. 我單身 我們在班上是學生

4. S+ Vt. + O 我認識那個男孩 _____ _____ _____ _____ . 比爾上星期碰到蘇 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . 我們公司生產電腦 _____ _____ _____. 湯姆非常愛蘇 5. 請付樣品費(樣品費sample charge) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.

5. S+Vt.+ I.O. +D.O. 或 S+Vt. +D.O+Prep.+ I.O. 1. 請付我們樣品費 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 我給他這本書 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 他教我英文 _____ _____ _____ _____. 爸爸給我買了一輛腳踏車 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . 5. 我寄了一個樣品給他

6. S+ Vt.+ O + O.C. 我們認為湯姆是好老師 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 他使湯姆生氣 _____ _____ _____ _____. 我們選他做班長(班長class leader) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 請將門漆成藍色 請保持教室整潔

7. There+ beV + S (Noun)+adv. 我們家有5人 _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 上週有比賽(contest) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____. 桌上有一本書 明年台灣將有選舉(election) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ .

8. It + BeV +N/ Adj./ Adv. 外面(天氣)正在下雨(外面outside)(現在進行式) _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ . 現在(時間)是3:30(現在式) _____ _____ _____ _____. 這裡(地點)很安靜(現在式) (事情)是很緊急的.(緊急的urgent)(現在式) _____ _____ _____.

Exercise- Answer 鳥飛 Birds fly. 星星閃耀 The stars twinkle. 她睡著了 She slept . 他死了 He died . 月亮消失了The moon disappeared. 6. 狗不會飛 Dogs can’t fly.

Exercise-Answer 1. 鳥在天上飛 Birds fly in the sky. 2. 他去年死了 He died last year. 3. 月亮消失在雲後 The moon disappeared behind the clouds. 他早起 He got up early. 顧客下星期一將會來 The client will come next Monday.

Exercise-Answer 車子在車庫裡 The car is in the garage. 他似乎很生氣 He seems angry. 故事聽起來很奇怪 The story sounds strange. 我單身 I am single. 我們在班上是學生 We are students in the class.

Exercise-Answer 我認識那個男孩 I know the boy . 比爾上星期碰到蘇 Bill met Sue last week . 我們公司生產電腦 We produce computers. 湯姆非常愛蘇 Tome loves Sue very much . 5. 請付樣品費 Please pay the sample charge.

Exercise-Answer 1. 請付我們樣品費 5. 我寄了一個樣品給他 1. 請付我們樣品費 Please pay us the sample charge. = Please pay the sample charge to us. 我給他這本書 I gave him the book. = I gave the book to him. 他教我英文 He teaches me English. = He teaches English to me. 爸爸給我買了一輛腳踏車 My father bought me a bicycle. = My father bought a bicycle for me. 5. 我寄了一個樣品給他 I sent him a sample. = I sent a sample to him.

Exercise-Answer 我們認為湯姆是好老師 We think Tom a good teacher. 他使湯姆生氣 He made Tom angry. 我們選他做班長 We elected him class leader. 請將門漆成藍色 Please paint the door blue. 請保持教室整潔 Please keep the classroom clean.

Exercise-Answer 我們家有5人 There are five people in my family. 上週有比賽(contest) There was a contest last week. 桌上有一本書 There is a book on the table. 明年台灣將有選舉(election) There will be an election in Taiwan next year.

Exercise-Answer 外面(天氣)正在下雨(外面outside)(現在進行式) It is raining outside now . 現在(時間)是3:30(現在式) It is 3:30 now. 這裡(地點)很安靜(現在式) It is quiet here. (事情)是很緊急的.(緊急的urgent)(現在式) It is urgent.