Unit 1 Modal Verb I

Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to the mood. He must have gone to Beijing. 2. The door was locked. She couldn’t have been at home. 3. They may be still waiting for us. 他一定已经去北京了。 门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。 他们可能还在等我们呢。

4. He might have read about the news in the newspaper. 5. You should have told him a week ago. 6. Can you give me some suggestions? 7. They wanted to know when you would go to the park. 他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。 你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。 你能给我一些建议吗？ 他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。

什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs) 情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。 表示“需要、可以、必须、应当”等。

情态动词的语法特征 1. 情态动词不能单独做谓语，除ought 和have外,后面只能接不带to 的不定式。 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有 些情态动词，如can, will也有一般式 和过去式的变化。

只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must 可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared 可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would 相当于情态动词的 have to, used to 3. 情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。

can和could 1. 表示能力 eg. The girl can dance very well. 2. 表示客观的可能性 1.  表示能力   eg. The girl can dance very well. 2.  表示客观的可能性 eg. Wuhan can be very hot in summer. 3. 表示请求或允许, could可以代替can表示请求, 但语气较can客气、委婉 eg. Can I have a look at your new book? Could I use your bike?

4. 表示惊讶，怀疑，不相信的态度（主要用于疑问句和否定句） eg. What can he be doing at this time of night? how can you believe such a liar(骗子） like him?

5. can和could接动词的完成形式，表示可能已经做某事。 eg. They can't have gone out because the light is still on. He could have passed the exam.

may和might 1. 表示允许，许可 eg. May /might I join in the discussion? 征询对方许可时，might比may的语气更委婉以may/might开头的问句，否定回答用mustn’t，表示“禁止，不可以”；肯定回答仍可用may。Might 比may表示的语气弱。

eg. He may be very busy now. 2. 表示可能性的推测。 eg. He may be very busy now. Nobody has ever seen him since that year. He may / might have gone abroad. 3. 表示祝愿; 但语气较正式: eg. May you succeed! May you have a good journey!

will和would 1. 表示意志或意愿 eg. If you will do the work, you must do it well. He said he would never do that again.  

2. 表示请求，建议等，主语为第二人称代词。 eg: Would you open the window?I feel it is a little hot here. Would / will you pass me that book? 用would的语气比用will更委婉，更客气。

3. 表示习惯性动作，意为“常常”。 eg: The old man is strange. He will sit for hours without saying anything. We would sit around grandpa after supper,listening to his stories.

4. 表示预测或猜测。 eg：It would be about six when he left school. 5. 表示规律性的“注定会”用will。 eg: people will die without air or water.

Shall和should 1. shall用于第一，三人称的疑问句中，表示征求对方的意见或向对方请示。 eg: Shall I bring him here? 2. 用于第二，三人称的陈述句中，表示说话者给对方的命令，警告，允诺或威胁。 eg. You shall get an answer from me by tomorrow.

2. should表示建议和劝告，意为 “应该”。 “should+ have+过去分词” 表示本应该在过去做但没有做。 eg: You should keep your promise. 你应该遵守诺言。 She should have passed the exam. 她应该通过考试的。

3. 用于推测，意为“可能，按理说应该” eg: I think they should be at their office now. 4.表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇，愤怒，失望等。 eg: I don’t know why you should think that I did it.

must的主要用法 1. 表示必须，应该。语气比should ,ought to 强烈。 eg:you must talk to him about their study. 2. 表示推测，意为“一定，准是”，只用于肯定句。表示否定的推测用can’t,疑问的推测用can.推测已发生的事时，其后接完成时。

eg: 1. You must be ill . Ican see it from your face. 2. It can’t be my father. He is now abroad. 3. someone is knocking at the door.Who can it be? 4. It must have rained last night. The ground is wet.

注意: must not 的意思是不许可，不应该或者禁止。 如：We mustn’t waste our time. ---- May I take this magazine out? ---- No, you mustn’t. must 用于一般疑问句的时候，肯定回答应该用yes, please 或者 I’m afraid so, 其否定回答应该用 needn’t 或者 don’t have to。

Exercise ----____ I go out to play, mum? ----No, you___. You should do your homework first. A. Might; wouldn’t B. May; had better not C. Must; mustn’t D. Need; mustn’t

2. ---Where is Emma? ---I can’t say for sure where she is, but she___ be out shopping. A. can B. should C. must D. may

3. The room is in a terrible mess; it ____ cleaned. A. can’t have been B. couldn’t be C. may have been D. would be

4. There ____ be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practised a lot in the driving school. A. mustn’t B. shan’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t

直击高考 1 Children under 12 years of age in that country ____ be under adult supervision when in a public library. (2004 上海） A. must B. may C. can D. need

2 — What’s the name？ — Khulaifi. _____ I spell that for you？（2006 北京） A. Might B. Would C. Can D. Shall

3 Some aspects of a pilot’s job_____ be boring, and pilots often _____ work at inconvenient hours. （2006 湖南） A. can；have to B. may；can C. have to; may D. ought to; must

4 The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. I _____ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me. (2006 江西） A should have taken B could have taken C needn’t have taken D mustn’t have taken

5 —How’s your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful? —It ________ be, but it is now heavily polluted. （2007 全国I） A. will B. would C. should D. must

6 I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I have driven her there. （2007 陕西） A. could B. must C. night D. should

根据汉语完成句子。 A: ____________________(我可以跟朋友 May I go with friends 去) to the harvest festival? B: Yes, you may. A: If I want to be a doctor, ____________ _______ (我应该学理科吗)? B: I think so. May I go with friends should I study science

3. I don't know where she is, she _____ ___________ (可能在武汉). 4. At this moment, our teacher _______________ (想必在批改) our exam papers. 5. The road is wet. It ________________ (肯定下雨了) last night. 6. Your mother ______________________ ______ (一定一直在找你). may be in Wuhan must be marking must have rained must have been looking for you

7. Philip ____________________________ __________________________(可能在车 祸中受了重伤). 8. ---Linda has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. ---She ____________________ (可能上班) by bus. 9. Mike _______________ (一定还没有找回) his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident may (might) have gone can’t have found