15年6月四级高分课程 主讲老师：Henry

英语新课程报名地址 http://ke.qq.com/cgi-bin/courseDetail©course_id=30543

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Sometimes all door may be close for you, but remember, they aren’t locked. 有时候，在你看来，所有的门似乎都关上了，但请你 记住，关上并不代表锁上。

上节回顾： 从句分类： A 定语从句（形容词从句）：从句起形容词的作用 B 状语从句（副词从句）：从句起副词的作用,根据其 作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、 方式和比较等从句。 C 名词性从句：从句起名词的作用（用作主语、宾语、 表语或者同位语）

课题练习： 分析下面句子 Parents and students who have invested heavily in higher education worry about graduates’ job prospects as technological advances and changes in domestic and global markets transform professions in ways that reduce wages and cut jobs.

英语语法之其他

1. 强调句 It is /was + 强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分 在强调句型中，能够被强调的句子成分通常为主语、 宾语、状语等。 一般说来,被强调部分指人时，用who；指事物时用 that，但that也可以指人。

A. 强调主语 It is you that make me happy. B A. 强调主语 It is you that make me happy. B. 强调宾语 It is Henry that I like to talk with. C.强调状语 1） It is on the round that I find my lost money. 2) It is tomorrow that I will get married with the beautiful girl.

2.倒装句 A 全部倒装 全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此 结构通常只用与一般现在时和 一般过去时。常见的结构有： 1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动 词常用be, come, go, lie, run。 Here is your letter. There stood a dog before him. 2)表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运 动的动词。(out, in, up, down，ahead等） Ahead sat an old woman.

B 部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至 主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需 添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。 1） 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。 a. Not until I failed CET4 did I realize how important it was to attend the class of Mr Henry .

b. Seldom have I seen such a handsome boy. c b. Seldom have I seen such a handsome boy. c. Hardly will you be good at English if your English vocabulary is poor. 2) Only +状语 句型 a)Only under such a condition will I apologize to her. b) Only this morning did I hear the happy news. c)如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装 Only when he left her did he realize how important she was.

3) As 引导的部分倒装句 a）as / though引导的让步从句必须以形容词，名词 或动词原形开头，主句必须放在从句之后 3) As 引导的部分倒装句 a）as / though引导的让步从句必须以形容词，名词 或动词原形开头，主句必须放在从句之后. Exhausted as he was, he continued working. b) As 用作比较意义时 Beautiful as the other girls is , she becomes a singer. c) As 用作原因时 Tired as he was, he stopped working.

3 插入语 1）定义：插入语（句）是说话者对所表达意思的补 充、强调、解释或者说话的态度，其位置灵活，常常用逗 号或破折号与其他成分隔开，并且在语法上不影响其他成 分。 中文中：我家院子埋着一箱黄金，相传是慈禧太后埋 得。 英文中：Who do you think is the most beautiful girl in the world?

2）插入语的类型 a） 形容词做插入语 Most important of all, we must learn all the skills. b) 副词做插入语 能用作插入语的介词短语有：in fact，in one’s opinion，in general，in a word，in other words，in a few words，of course，by the way，as a result， for example，on the contrary，on the other hand， to one’s surprise，in short，as a matter of fact，in conclusion，in brief等

Eg ： You can’t stay here any longer, in other words, you should leave here now. On the contrary, we should cooperate with them. In brief, people should realize the importance of protecting environment.

c) 动名词做插入语 能用作插入语的V-ing（短语）常见的有：generally speaking，strictly speaking，judging from by， talking of， considering等。 Generally speaking, I prefer noodles to rice. Judging by his clothes , he is very rich.

d)句子做插入语 能用作插入语的句子有：I am sure，I believe，I think，I know，I suppose，I hope，I’m afraid，you see， what’s more，that is to say，as we know，as I see，believe it or not等。 He isn’t clever, what’s more, he doesn’t work hard neither.

4. 逗号的一些不为人知的用法 1）用在插入词的前面与后面 Unfortunately, he died in the war 4.逗号的一些不为人知的用法 1）用在插入词的前面与后面 Unfortunately, he died in the war. Xiaoai, I have to say, is a girl name. 2) 用在furthermore, similarly ,accordingly, anyway, otherwise; above all, in the same way, in other words, in contrast 这类连词的后面： He lost lots of money, as a result, he got sick. I do everything, in addition, I must not complain.

3) a) 用在句子开头的分词或不定式（短语）之后： Seeing the police, the thief ran away 3) a) 用在句子开头的分词或不定式（短语）之后： Seeing the police, the thief ran away. To earn more money, the boy work harder. b) 用在插在主语后面的短语的前面与后面： The thief, seeing the police, ran away. 4) 用在同位语前面 Beijing, the capital of China, is very amazing.

真题演练：（2014.6) Second, Americans have basically decided that they don’t really want to produce all their own oil. They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad. Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection. To what extent are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports?

Third, there are benefits to trade Third, there are benefits to trade. It allows for economic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do, we benefit. And although you don’t read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.

There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy. When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices. At the same time, we derive massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.