青少年女性頭髮中銅、鐵、鉀及鋅濃度 與BMI、學習表現及體育表現關聯性研究 王健行 聖約翰科技大學院全人教育中心

頭髮是活的 頭髮是皮膚的一部份。 人們常說:「看一個人氣色， 就可以知道他的健康情形」， 頭髮亦然。 頭髮會敏感反應身體營養狀態。 頭髮會隨年齡老化。

頭髮基本知識 頭皮的構造。 頭髮的剖面構造。 髮幹的構造。 髮幹的生命周期。 頭髮的壽命。 頭髮的生長速度。

頭皮的構造

頭髮的剖面構造

髮幹的生命周期

頭髮的壽命 頭髮的平均壽命男性約2-6年。 頭髮的平均壽命女性約3-7年。

頭髮的生長速度 頭髮生長速度平均0.035公分/天。 每月約1公分。

頭髮分析與血液及尿液分析比較 頭髮分析結果與血液及尿液分析結果有一致性不衝突。 (以過去所發表之研究報告為例) 1.Wang, CT, Huang, CW, Chou, SS, Lin, CT, Liau, SW and Wang, RT: Studies on the concentration of arsenic selenium copper zinc and iron in the blood of the blackfoot disease patients in different clinical stages. Eur. J. Clin. Chem. & Clin. Biochem. 1993; 31, 759-764. 2.Wang, CT, Huang, CW, Chou, SS, Lin, CT, Liau, SW and Wang,RT: Studies on the concentration of arsenic selenium copper zinc and iron in the hair of the blackfoot disease patients in different clinical stages. Eur. J. Clin. Chem. & Clin. Biochem. 1994; 32,107-111. 3.Wang, C. T: Studies on the concentration of arsenic selenium copper zinc and iron in the urine of the blackfoot disease patients in different clinical stages. Eur. J. Clin. Chem. & Clin. Biochem. 1996; 34: 493-397.

頭髮分析優點 可以反映體內各元素，過去某一段時間內之穩定量(3-6個月間)。 較不受分析當天飲食狀況影響。 樣品取得較易且屬非侵入性檢驗，受測對象較易接受。 樣品運送、處理、保存及善後非常容易且無爭議。

血液、尿液分析困擾 僅可以反映體內各元素，過去(1-3天)內之變化量。 會受分析當天飲食狀況產生顯著影響。 血液樣品取得屬侵入性，部份受測對象會排斥。 樣品運送、處理、保存及善後不易。

頭髮分析方法及設備 方法:原子吸收光譜法(火燄式法) 設備:原子吸收光譜儀(HITACHI-Z-8200)及微波分解裝置(CEM-2000)。

頭髮分析設備 原子吸收光譜儀(HITACHI-Z-8200)

頭髮分析設備 微波分解裝置(CEM-2000)

Comparison of Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium and Zinc Concentrations in Young Females with BMI < 18, BMI between 18 and 23, and BMI > 24 Table 1. Comparison of Calcium, Copper, Iron, Magnesium and Zinc Concentrations in Young Females with BMI < 18, BMI between 18 and 23, and BMI > 24 BMI < 18 BMI 18-23 BMI > 24 Elements (g/g) (n = 45) (n = 75) (n = 60) Calicium 2207.5 ± 899.1 a 2126.2 ± 971.8 a 1665.5 ± 722.2 Range 4362.5～1200.2 5833.3～718.3 2848.6～451.2 Copper 17.69 ± 10.73a 14.28 ± 7.99 12.06 ± 6.22 Range 44.5～8.4 42.7～4.2 32.9～5.2 Iron 52.17 ± 26.09 b 44.30 ± 26.05 a 28.47 ± 14.16 Range 127.1～29.5 127.5～16.8 67.2～3.2 Magnesium 285.9 ± 99.30 a 237.0 ± 148.1 202.9 ± 111.8 Range 452.2～130.9 789.4～102.4 89.9～55.9 Zinc 296.6 ± 117.2 a 282.3 ± 96.22 238.2 ± 102.2 Range 600.0～162.4 529.5～116.3 531.4～55.1 Each value is the mean S.D. of three runs. a: p<0.05, b: p<0.01 significant differences from the BMI > 24. JHS 2005; 51:70-74.

不同身體質量指數BMI<18，BMI介於18與23之間，BMI介於25與27之間及BMI>27女性青少年學習表現比較 表現能力比較 國文成績 英文成績 數學成績 化學成績 BMI Under 18 (n=28) 84.57±6.03c 75.71±13.31b 77.64±13.42a 81.35±10.03c BMI Between 18-23 (n=110) 78.08±6.37b 71.11±9.28b 73.54±11.99b 72.54±9.14a BMI Between 25-27 (n=14) 72.92±7.06 64.00±6.68 60.00±20.91 64.00±11.03 BMI Over 27 (n=28) 72.42±7.04 64.35±8.03 62.57±18.88 65.64±9.84 Each value is the mean±S.D.. S.D. : Standard deivation. BMI: Body mass index. Significant differences from BMI > 27 group are shown by a, (p<0.05), b, (p<0.01), and c, (p<0.001).

Comparison of the Potassium and Sodium Concentrations in Young Female with Different BMI Table 3. Comparison of the Potassium and Sodium Concentrations in Young Female with Different BMI BMI < 18 BMI from18 to 23 BMI > 24 (n=45) (n=75) (n=60) Potassium (g/g) 93.3±55.3 b 100.9±69.9 a 146.9±88.6 Range (g/g) 293.8～2.32 322.5～13.3 356.3～11.9 Sodium (g/g) 938.2417.6 808.3304.6 865.4301.9 Range (g/g) 1689.7～114.6 1740.8～131.5 1774.8～408.8 Each value is the averageS.D. of 3 runs. SD: Standard deviation. Significant differences from BMI > 24 group are shown by a, (p<0.05). Significant differences from BMI > 24 group are shown by b, (p<0.01).

不同身體質量指數BMI<18，BMI介於18與23之間及BMI>24女性青少年體育及操行表現能力比較 體育成績 操行成績 BMI Under 18 (n=45) 82.68±2.48 75.34±3.01 BMI Between 18-23 (n=75) 80.79±2.42 74.53±2.98 BMI Over 24 (n=60) 75.48±2.26 68.72±2.74 Each value is the mean±S.D.. S.D. : Standard deivation. BMI: Body mass index.

Linear regression curves of iron concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their Chinese score (academic score) performance (p > 0.05).

Linear regression curves of iron concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their English score (academic score) performance (p > 0.05).

Linear regression curves of magnesium concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their Chinese score (academic score) performance (p < 0.05).

Linear regression curves of magnesium concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their English score (academic score) performance (p < 0.05).

Linear regression curves of potassium concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their Chinese score (academic score) performance (p < 0.05).

Linear regression curves of potassium concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their English score (academic score) performance (p > 0.05).

Linear regression curves of zinc concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their Chinese score (academic score) performance (p <0.001).

Linear regression curves of zinc concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their English score (academic score) performance (p < 0.05).

Linear regression curves of iron concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their total academic score performance (p > 0.05).

Linear regression curves of magnesium concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their total academic score performance (p < 0.05).

Linear regression curves of zinc concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their total academic score performance (p < 0.001).

Figure 12 Linear regression curves of potassium concentration in adolescent girl’s hair vs. their total academic score performance (p < 0.05).

頭髮中礦物質與微量元素分析結果應用 體重控制應用。 學習效能提升。 體能加強。 安定情緒。

體重控制應用 礦物質及微量元素體重控制

體重控制應用

學習效能提升 幼兒食品(奶粉中)添加鐵及鋅

體能加強 運動飲料補充鉀及鈉(電解質)

安定情緒 牛奶中含豐富鈣質具安眠及避 免焦躁功效

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