Other viruses Rabies virus (狂犬病病毒) Human papillomavirus (人乳头瘤病毒) Chapter 26 Other viruses Rabies virus (狂犬病病毒) Human papillomavirus (人乳头瘤病毒) Human Parvovirus B19(人类细小病毒B19)
Rabies virus 狂犬病病毒 (Pathogen of rabies)
1.Properties of virus 2.Pathogenicity Shape & structure helical nucleocapsid spike spike –ssRNA (lipoprotein) nucleoprotein Typical CPE Inclusion body (Negri bodies ) 胞浆内嗜酸性包涵体(内基小体) 2.Pathogenicity
2.Pathogenicity →infection of CNS Source of infection ---rabid animal Route of transmission 健康家犬带毒率14.9% ---transmitted to human by the bite of a rabid animal 病犬和病猫为人的直接传染源 Neurotropic v. →infection of CNS dog cat rabies(狂犬病) or hydrophobia（恐水病） bat fox zoonosis
4.Principle of prevention 3.Laboratory diagnosis (detection of inclusion body ,viral Ag and viral RNA) 4.Principle of prevention General prevention Specific prevention 伤口处理！ •inactivated rabies vaccine •high titer antiviral sera or human rabies Ig(RIG)
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 人乳头瘤病毒
1.Properties of HPV Ds-DNA, cubical symmetry, non- enveloped virus Only infects skin and epithelial cells of mucosa (对皮肤和粘膜上皮细胞有高度亲嗜性, 增殖后可形成嗜碱性核内包涵体)
2.Pathogenicity Route of transmission Different types of HPV cause distinct clinical entity (p333 Table 26-1) ---直接或间接接触、性接触、产道感染 • HPV-6,11 型主要引起尖锐湿疣和乳头瘤 • HPV-16,18,31,33与恶性肿瘤的发生密切相关 宫颈癌
Very small naked icosahedral virus, spharical particle with +ssDNA Human Parvovirus B19 Very small naked icosahedral virus, spharical particle with +ssDNA Route of transmission and disease caused by B19 virus 飞沫传播→传染性红斑、再生障碍性贫血危象 胎盘传播→严重贫血及流产
血清学鉴定 标本 接种 初步判断 病原体的分离鉴定 适当培养基 易感宿主系统 细菌 病毒 已知抗体鉴定未知抗原(病原体) (玻片凝集鉴定细菌) (血凝抑制试验鉴定有血凝特性的病毒)
血清学诊断 (疾病辅助诊断) 已知病毒抗原查未知抗体 如 肥达试验---肠热症 抗O试验---风湿热 血凝抑制试验---流感 血凝抑制试验 • 病毒的分型与鉴定 • 检测血凝抑制抗体 已知抗体+被分离出来的病毒 已知病毒 +早,晚期血清 对照试验的结果记录