人教课标版 高二 选修 8 Unit 1

Extensive reading

Revision Write an or a postcard to a friend telling him about the place where you are on holiday. The place I would like to visit would be Mars. I only know that it is the closest planet to the Earth, and it is the most similar to the Earth. Although Mars is

the fourth closest planet to the sun, it is still much colder than the Earth. Like the satellites pictures showed that Mars has lots of craters, and scientists speculate that perhaps Mars used to be like the Earth billions of years ago. I think there is more to Mars than what the scientists

believe. I believe there is life on Mars. Perhaps the definition of life on Mars is different from the Earth. It could be that the life there does not need oxygen, but other kinds of gases. I would imagine that life may not be active, because Mars has been hit by meteorites and

the surface has been very much bombarded. So I presume the life that still exist would not be like life on Earth. I have no idea what the weather would be like, but I can presume it would be very cold, since Mars is much further from the sun

than the Earth. As for its special features, I think if one stands on the surface of Mars, we can see the whole universe clearer than on the Earth. And perhaps it’s a million times more beautiful than the Earth. I hope one day we can have more exploration on Mars and solve the mystery.

Listening on page 46 Mardi Gras ( 狂欢节 ) 的由来是在于天主教徒 在复活节之前会有斋戒的仪式, 通常在 Mardi Gras Day 会有连续二星期的庆祝活动。

Mardi Gras is a traditional holiday celebrated in many of the southern states of the USA. It is the biggest carnival in America. The most famous celebration takes place in New Orleans, Louisiana. The people there enjoy this celebration by going to parades where they catch “beads, cups, and trinkets” that are all thrown from floats.

The official colors for Mardi Gras are purple, green, and gold. These colors where chosen in 1872 by the King of Carnival, Rex. He chose these colors to stand for the following: purple represents justice green stands for faith gold stands for power

parties

Name of radio programme __________________ Interviewer’s name__________ Traveller’s name____________ Place to be discussed _____________ Complete the notes. Traveller’s Tales Tom Price Mandy Long New Orleans

1. Which part of the United States is it in? In the far south of the USA on the Mississippi River, not far from the Gulf of Mexico. Answer the questions:

2. Which kind of climate do you think it would have? Hot and humid, but warm and pleasant in the evening.

3. What is this place famous for? Mardi Gras and jazz. 4. Where did the ancestors of the people living there come from? Africa, South and Central America, Europe.

Answer key for Exercise 3: F T F T TF T T T

Hot and humid

What happened on these dates? 1812_______________________________ 1857_____________________________ ________ Louisiana became a state of the USA. The first Mardi Gras celebration was held.

Tick the graph below that best describes the population of New Orleans.

Listening Task on page Have you heard this kind of music before? If so, where? 2. What do you call this music? 3. Where does it originally come from? When did it begin?

4. What race and nationality first developed this type of music? 5. Do you like this music? Give reasons for liking or disliking it.

Look at the pictures and discuss what you think is happening. A coffin is being carried by a horse- driven cart, and many people are marching behind it. Jazz funeral

There is a brass band, with some people blowing trumpets.

Many people are dancing in the street, and some of them are holding umbrellas.

brass musical instrument with a bright ringing tone; person who play the instrument consisting of a hollow round frame; ceremony of burying, burning dead people; trumpet: drummer: funeral:

box holding a dead body; v. walk as soldiers do, with regular steps of equal length; n. piece of music written for marching to; rite; function; protocol coffin: march: ceremony:

Answer key for Exercise 3: 1. Phil thought the first music he heard was ___. 2. Mandy explained that they played this kind of music when ________ _____________________________ ______. sad the coffin was taken to the graveyard to be buried

3. The second piece of music Mandy played for Phil was_________. 4. The third piece of music is an example of the kind of music that is played ______________________ ______________________________ ____________. serious after the body has been buried and the people are leaving the graveyard

5. While the third kind of music is playing, everyone __________ ____________. 6. They do this to ______________ __________________________. begins singing and dancing celebrate the life of the person who has just died

Reading task Louis Armstrong, was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, on August 4, 1901 (according to the most recent research), in the poorest section of town.

He overcame poverty to become one of the most important people in the history of music, and his low rough singing voice is easy to recognize. He also appeared in many films.

Louis Armstrong Park

Skimming Paragraph Topic Great jazz musician Childhood Learning to play music Playing & recording Acting & writing Death

Louis Armstrong TimeEvent 1901 Childhood 12 years old Scanning Born Sang to earn money Arrested and sent to school Learn how to play music

14 years old 1917 Next few years 1922 Worked in bands Learned jazz Worked in a best band Became a musician Traveled in the USA Introduced his jazz

By 1960s 1971 Recorded his music Popular as a jazz star Traveled to Europe Played, recorded, acted, wrote Died Traveled aboard as a ambassador, Spoke publicly

Language points 1. Some people are considered great, not just because of their achievements but also because of their personalities. 一些人被认为是伟大的, 不仅仅是因 为他们的成绩, 而且是因为他们的 品质。

第一, 作 “ 考虑、思考 ” 时的搭配如下 : 1)consider + n. / pron. Have you considered the suggestion? 2) consider + v-ing, 但不能接不定式的 一般式 We considered going to see the doctor the next day. consider 的用法 :

You must consider to tell him something about it. ( 错误 ) 3) consider + 疑问词 + 不定式, 例如 : He is considering how to improve his English. 4) consider + 从句, 例如： Have you considered when we should go there?

第二, 作 “ 认为、把 …… 当作 / 看作 ” 等 意思时的搭配如下： 1)consider + sb./sth. + (to be/as) + n. / adj., 例如： I consider him to (be/as) my best friend. Everyone considers him (to be) clever.

2) consider + sb. /sth. + 不定式短语 ( 作 宾语补足语 ), 不能接不定式的一般式 We consider them to be working very hard. We consider them to have finished the work.

We consider him to be the clever in our class. We must consider him to go there at once. ( 错误 )

3) consider + 宾语从句 We considered that the film was worth seeing for another time. I don’t consider that he has a final say in this matter.

as well as 用来强调 “ 前者 ”, 后者只起 陪衬作用。如果 A as well as B 短语用 作主语的话, 则后面的谓语的单复数 当与 A 保持一致。而 not only A but also B 是强调 B 。 as well as 与 not only...but also...

Liu Fang as well as her parents was invited to the party. Not only he but also his father is coming to see you.

2. Although some boys in his situation might have turned to crime to get money for food and clothing, Louis never did. 尽管处于他这种情况的一些孩子可 能转向犯罪来获取衣食的钱, 但刘易 斯从来也没有这样做。

may (might) have + done sth, can (could) have + done sth. 表示过去, 推 测过去时间里可能发生的事情。 He may (might) have been hurt seriously in the car accident. 情态动词 +have done 的其他用法：

1)must have +done sth, 对过去时间里 可能发生的事情的推测, 语气较强, 具有 “ 肯定 ” 的意思。 ---Mary has gone to work, but her bicycle is still here. ---She must have gone by bus.

2) ought to have done sth, should have done sth. 本应该做某事, 而事实上 并没有做。否定句表示 “ 不该做某 事而做了 ” 。 You ought to (should) have been more careful in this experiment.

He ought not to have thrown the old clothes away. ( 事实上已扔了。 ) ought to 在语气上比 should 要强。 3) needn’t have done sth. 本没必要做某事 I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I needn’t have done so. The weather was hot.

3. Instead he and several other boys sang on the streets of New Orleans to earn a few cents from passers-by. 相反他和其他几个孩子在新奥尔良 的大街上唱歌, 从过路人那里挣得几 分钱。

辨析 : instead 与 instead of 1) instead 意为 “ 代替 ”“ 替代 ”, 作副词用, 通 常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号 与后面阁开。 instead 在顺接句子中作 “ 代替 ” 讲, 而在转折 ( 或逆转 ) 句子中作 “ 然而 ” 讲。 Lily isn’t here. Ask Lucy instead. Lily 不在这儿, 去问 Lucy 吧.

注意 : 当 instead 在祈使句中时, 只能位 于句末。 She didn’t answer me, instead, she asked me another question. 她没有回答我, 反而问了我另外 一个问题。

2) instead of 是介词短语, 意思是 “ 代替 ” 、 “ 而不 ”, 它后面常接宾语, 宾语多由 名词、代词、介词、短语、动词 + ing 形式充当。 I’ll go instead of her.= She won’t go. I’ll go instead. 我会替她去。

Instead of going to Qingdao. I’m going to Dalian this year. 今年我将去大连, 而不去青岛。 As I’m busy, could you attend the meeting instead of me? 因为我很忙, 你能替我去参加会议吗？

Yesterday I went to school on foot instead of by bus. 昨天我是步行而不是坐公共汽车去 学校的。

4. When Joe Oliver left New Orleans in 1917, Louis took over his job in one of the best bands in town. 当乔 · 奥利佛与 1917 年离开新奥尔良 时, 刘易斯接管了他在这镇上最好 的一个乐队的工作。

take over 接任 ; 接管 The new department head took over yesterday. 新的部门领导昨天接任。 Romans took over from the Greeks their philosophy and arts. 罗马人承袭了希腊人的哲学和艺术。

5. Before long, he had become a very big jazz star, as popular as major rock stars are today. 不久, 他成为了一名非常出名的爵 士明星, 像今天的主要摇滚明星一 样的受欢迎。

辨析 : before long 和 long before before long 不久以后, long before 很久 以前 not long before = before long The telephone which you will use __will be very modern. A. long ago B. before long C. long after D. long before

1. My friend, Jim Green, will come back to Beijing __________. 2. It was not __________everyone came to know her. 根据句意, 用 before long 或 long before 填空。 before long long before

3. __________, the noise dropped completely and the boat began to drift gently across the water. 4. Well, I’m sure he will return __________. Just sit here and wait for him ． Before long before long

Homework 1. Ask the students to read the passage again after class and do Activity 3 and list the reasons why the writer says that Louis Armstrong was considered great. 2. Ask the students to talk about and write about some places in China.