List 27.

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Presentation transcript:

List 27

veracious 【考法 1】 adj. 诚实的,说实话的: being in the habit of telling the truth 【例】 a veracious witness 诚实的证人‖He has a reputation for being veracious, so people generally take his word for things. 他诚实的名声让其他人通常都相信他说的话 【近】 honest, truthful 【反】 dishonest, lying, mendacious, prevaricating, untruthful 说谎的,不诚实的 【考法 2】 adj. 精确的,准确的: precise, accurate 【例】 a novel that presents a fairly veracious and unvarnished picture of the lives of affluent suburbanites 一 部准确而不加修饰地描述郊区富人生活的小说 【近】 accurate, exact, precise, proper, right, true 【反】 false, improper, inaccurate, incorrect, inexact, untrue, wrong 不准确的 【派】 veracity n. 诚实

verbatim 【考法 1】 adv. 逐字地,一字不差地: in the exact words 【例】 You can't just copy the encyclopedia article verbatim for your report - that's plagiarism. 你不能一字不差 地抄百科全书上的内容——这是剽窃。 【近】 ad verbum, directly, exactly, word for word 【反】 inaccurately, inexactly 不准确地 【派】 verbalism n. 言辞,单词

verbose 【考法 1】 adj. 冗长的,啰嗦的: containing more words than necessary 【例】 a verbose orator 啰嗦的演讲者‖She has a verbose writing style. 她的文风很啰嗦。 【近】 circuitous, circumlocutory, diffuse, garrulous, long-winded, prolix, rambling, verbose, windy 【反】 brief, compact, concise, pithy, succinct, terse 简洁的 【派】 verbosity n. 冗长,啰嗦

verdant 【考法 1】 adj. (因长满植物而)翠绿的,郁郁葱葱的: green with vegetation; covered with green growth 【例】 verdant fields 翠绿的田野 【近】 green, grown, leafy, luxuriant, overgrown 【反】 barren, impoverished, infertile, leafless, sterile 贫瘠的

verify 【考法 1】 vt. 校验,证实: to determine or test the truth or accuracy of, as by comparison, investigation, or reference 【例】 We need to verify your passport. 我们需要校验阁下的护照。 【近】 attest, authenticate, certify, corroborate, substantiate, support, validate, vindicate 【反】 disprove, rebut, refute 反驳,驳斥 【派】 verified adj. 经证实的;verification n. 证实

verisimilar 【考法 1】 adj. 似乎真实的: appearing to be true or real 【例】 a verisimilar tale 一个似乎为真的传奇 【近】 likely, plausible, probable 【反】 implausible, incredible, unbelievable 难以置信的

veritable 【考法 1】 adj. 真正的,确实的: being in fact the thing named and not false, unreal, or imaginary 【例】 a veritable manuscript 一份原稿 【近】 authentic, credible, genuine, real, true, unquestionable, bona fide 【反】 bogus, counterfeit, fake, false, mock, phony, pseudo, sham, spurious 伪造的,虚假的

vernacular 【考法 1】 n. 方言: a nonstandard language or dialect of a place, region, or country 【例】 phrases that occur in the common vernacular 常见方言中的词组 【近】 argot, cant, dialect, jargon, lingo, slang 【考法 2】 adj. 非正式的,口头的: used in or suitable for speech and not formal writing 【例】 writes essays in a very easy-to-read, vernacular style 用一种易懂的口头化风格写作 【近】 conversational, informal, nonliterary, vulgar 【反】 bookish, formal, learned, literary 书面的,正式的

versatile 【考法 1】 adj. 多才多艺的,全能的: able to do many different kinds of things 【例】 We have found a versatile baseball player who can play any position. 我们发现了一个能打任何位置 的全能型球员【近】 adaptable, all-around, ambidextrous, protean, universal 【反】 limited 受限制的,有限的 【考法 2】 adj. 易改变的: changing or fluctuating readily 【例】 a versatile disposition 多变的性格 【近】 capricious, changeable, fluid, inconstant, mercurial, skittish, temperamental, variable, volatile 【反】 certain, changeless, constant, immutable, invariable, settled, stable, stationary, steady, unchangeable, unvarying 固定的,不变的

verse 【考法 1】 vt. 使精通,使熟悉: to familiarize by close association, study, or experience 【例】 well versed in the theater 精通剧院‖While in prison, he versed himself in the rights of the incarcerated. 当他身处监狱时,他通过自学熟悉了囚犯所享有的权利【近】 acquaint, familiarize, inform 【反】 misinform, mislead 误导 【考法 2】 n. 诗歌: a composition using rhythm and often rhyme to create a lyrical effect 【例】 composed a short verse for his father’s birthday 为他父亲的生日创作了一首小诗 【近】 ballad, lyric, poetry, song 【反】 prose 散文

vertigo 【考法 1】 n. 眩晕: a dizzy confused state of mind 【例】 He had a dreadful attack of vertigo at the top of the tower. 他站在塔顶,感到一阵令人窒息的眩晕。 【近】 dizziness, giddiness 【反】 sobriety 清醒

verve 【考法 1】 n. 活力,热情: vitality, liveliness 【例】 The instrumentalists played with skill and verve. 器乐表演者们有着高超的技巧与饱满的热情 【近】 animation, dynamism, energy, exuberance, liveliness, robustness, vibrancy, vigorousness, vim, vitality 【反】 lethargy, listlessness, sluggishness, torpidity 精神不振

vessel 【考法 1】 n.管: a tube or canal (as an artery) in which a body fluid is contained and conveyed or circulated 【例】 blood vessel 血管 【近】 artery, vein 【考法 2】 n. 船,舰艇: a watercraft bigger than a rowboat 【例】 the largest military vessel afloat 最大的军用舰艇 【近】 boat, cruiser, destroyer, ferry, ship, watercraft

vestige 【考法 1】 n. 微小的遗迹,小痕迹: the smallest quantity or trace 【例】 A few strange words carved on a stone were the only vestige of the lost civilization. 石碑上刻着的几 个奇怪的字符是这个失落文明的唯一的遗迹。‖the fossilized vestige of a dinosaur that traversed that muddy landscape millions of years ago 千万年横跨那块泥泞土壤的恐龙的化石碎片 【近】 echo, ghost, relic, remain, remnant, residual, shadow, trace 【派】 vestigial adj. 残留的;退化的

vestigial 【考法 1】 adj. 退化的,发育不全的: (of certain organs or parts of organisms) having attained a simple structure and reduced size and function during the evolution of the species 【例】 snake that has vestigial limbs 拥有退化四肢的蛇 【近】 incomplete, rudimentary, undeveloped 【反】 adult, full-blown, full-fledged, matured, ripe, ripened 成熟的,发育完全的

veteran 【考法 1】 n. 老兵,有丰富经验的人: one having knowledge or ability gained through long experience 【例】 As a veteran of overseas travel, she offered us solid advice about planning our trip. 作为一名资深的 旅行家,她给了我们提供了许多关于旅行规划的中肯建议【近】 doyen, expert, master, maven, warhorse 【反】 beginner, colt, fledgling, freshman, greenhorn, neophyte, novice, recruit, rookie, tenderfoot, tyro 新手 【考法 2】 adj. 经验丰富的,资深的: having or showing exceptional knowledge, experience, or skill in a field of endeavor 【例】 She is a veteran teacher who can mentor new teachers. 她的教师资历都老到可以教新教师了【近】 accomplished, adept, consummate, experienced, masterful, professed, skilled, versed, virtuoso 【反】 amateur, inexperienced, inexpert, unprofessional, unseasoned, unskilled, unskillful 业余的,经验不足的

Veto 【考法 1】 n./vt. 否决,禁止: to forbid or prohibit authoritatively 【例】 The President vetoed the bill. 总统否决了提案。‖We wanted to do a cross-country trip, but our parents vetoed it. 我们想来一次跨国旅行,但是父母不肯批准。 【近】 blackball, decline, disallow, disapprove, kill, negative, refuse, reject 【反】 accredit, approbate, authorize, clear, confirm, finalize, formalize, ratify, sanction, warrant 批准

vex 【考法 1】 vt. 使烦恼,使恼怒: to bring trouble, distress, or agitation to 【例】 vexed by her son's failure to clean his room 因为她儿子不清理房间而恼怒 【近】 aggravate, annoy, bother, exasperate, gall, grate, irk, nettle, peeve, rile 【反】 appease, assuage, conciliate, mollify, placate, propitiate 平息怒火 【派】 vexation n. 烦恼

viable 【考法 1】 adj. 可行的: capable of being done or carried out 【例】 a viable solution to the problem 解决问题的一个可行方案 【近】 achievable, attainable, doable, feasible, practicable, realizable, workable 【反】 hopeless, impossible, impracticable, infeasible, unattainable, unviable, unworkable 不可行的 【派】 viability n. 可行性

vicarious 【考法 1】 adj. 代理的,取代的: performed or suffered by one person as a substitute for another or to the benefit or advantage of another 【例】 use Internet as a vicarious form of social life 把互联网当作一种虚拟的社交生活 【近】 indirect, substitute, surrogate 【反】 firsthand 直接的

vicious 【考法 1】 adj. 凶恶的,恶毒的: having or showing the desire to inflict severe pain and suffering on others 【例】 vicious slander 恶意的诽谤 【近】 atrocious, barbaric, barbarous, brutal, butcherly, fiendish, heartless, inhumane, sadistic, savage, truculent 【反】 benign, benignant, compassionate, humane, kind, kindhearted, merciful, sympathetic 仁慈的 【考法 2】 adj. 猛烈的: marked by violence or ferocity 【例】 a vicious storm ripped through the region 在境内肆虐的强烈风暴 【近】 dreadful, excruciating, explosive, fearsome, ferocious, fierce, intensive, profound, vehement, violent 【反】 light, moderate, soft 轻柔的 【派】 viciousness n. 邪恶

vicissitude 【考法 1】 n. 自然变化: natural change or mutation visible in nature or in human affairs 【例】 vicissitude of daily life 日常生活的跌宕起伏 【近】 fluctuation, mutation, shift, variation 【反】 uniformity 一致性,无差异 【派】 vicissitudinous adj. 有变化的

victimize 【考法 1】 vt. 使受骗: to subject to deception or fraud 【例】 victimized by a confidence man with a slick story 被一个骗子用圆滑的故事欺骗 【近】 cheat, cozen, deceive, defraud, dupe, fool, hoax, swindle 【反】 disabuse, disenchant, disillusion, undeceive 使醒悟

vigilant 【考法 1】 adj. 警醒的,警惕的: alertly watchful especially to avoid danger 【例】 Police warned the public to be vigilant and report anything suspicious. 警方要求公众保持警惕,并上报 任何有嫌疑的人或事。‖When traveling through the city, tourists should be extra vigilant. 在这个城市旅行的游 客应该保持格外的警惕。 【近】 alert, attentive, awake, cautious, observant, sharp, watchful 【反】 careless, heedless, inattentive, unmindful, unthinking, unwary 不谨慎的 【派】 vigilance n. 警惕

vignette 【考法 1】 n. 简介短文: a vivid representation in words of someone or something 【例】 The general's memoirs are filled with revealing vignettes of some of the war’s most compelling personalities. 将军的回忆录里充满了短小的文章,它们揭露了战争中最引人注意的人物【近】 definition, delineation, depiction, picture, portrait, portraiture, portrayal, rendering, sketch

vigorous 【考法 1】 adj. 精力旺盛的: having active strength of body or mind 【例】 He remains vigorous despite being over 80 years old. 尽管他已 80 高龄,但仍活力不减 【近】 brisk, dynamic, energetic, lively, robust, spirited, vital 【反】 dull, lethargic, listless, sluggish, torpid 没有精神的 【考法 2】 adj. 强健的: able to withstand hardship, strain, or exposure 【例】 vigorous and sturdy little sheep bred to live in mountainous regions 在山区喂养的健壮的小羊 【近】 hard, hardened, inured, rugged, stout, strong, sturdy, tough, toughened 【反】 delicate, soft, tender, weak 脆弱的 【派】 vigor n. 精力

vilify 【考法 1】 vt. 诽谤,辱骂: to utter slanderous and abusive statements against 【例】 be vilified by the press because of her radical views 因为她激进的观点而被媒体抨击 【近】 asperse, blacken, calumniate, defame, libel, malign, smear, traduce 【反】 acclaim, applaud, commend, praise 表扬 【派】 vilification n. 辱骂

vim 【考法 1】 n. 活力,精力: robust energy and enthusiasm 【例】 A little rest should give me back some of my vim. 稍事休息一会我应该就能回复些许精力 【近】 animation, bounce, dynamism, energy, liveliness, robustness, verve, vibrancy, vigorousness, vitality 【反】 lethargy, listlessness, sluggishness, torpidity 精神不振

vindicate 【考法 1】 vt. 为…平反,为…辩护,使无罪: to free from allegation or blame 【例】 The evidence would completely vindicate him. 这个证据将彻底证明他的清白。 【近】 absolve, acquit, exculpate, exonerate 【反】 incriminate 使有罪 【考法 2】vt. 证明,证实:to give evidence or testimony to the truth or factualness of 【例】 Recent discoveries have generally vindicated the physicist's theories. 近期的发现整体上证明了物理 学家的理论【近】 attest, authenticate, certify, corroborate, substantiate, support, validate, verify 【反】 disprove, rebut, refute 反驳,驳斥

vindictive 【考法 1】 adj. 复仇的(有寻仇倾向的): disposed to seek revenge 【例】 vindictive hatred for his brother 对他兄弟的仇恨 【近】 avenging, resentful, retaliatory, revengeful, vengeful 【反】 forgiving, merciful, relenting 仁慈的

virtuoso 【考法 1】 n. 艺术鉴赏家,专家: a person with masterly skill or technique in the arts 【例】 a violin virtuoso 资深小提琴艺术家 【近】 adept, connoisseur, maestro, master, maven, proficient, wizard 【反】 amateur, inexpert 业余爱好者,非专业玩家 【考法 2】 adj. 经验丰富的,技艺精湛的: having or showing exceptional knowledge, experience, or skill in a field of endeavor 【例】 The American virtuoso cellist Lynn Harrell joins the orchestra as soloist in Shostakovich’s technically challenging Cello Concerto No 2. 来自美国的技艺精湛的大提琴家林恩·哈雷尔作为独奏者加入了乐队,共同演 绎肖斯塔科维奇充满挑战的《第二大提琴协奏曲》【近】 accomplished, adept, consummate, experienced, masterful, professed, skilled, versed, veteran 【反】 amateur, inexperienced, inexpert, unprofessional, unseasoned, unskilled, unskillful 业余的,经验不足的 【派】 virtuosity n. 精湛技艺

virtuous 【考法 1】 adj. 品德高尚的,正直的: having or showing virtue, especially moral excellence 【例】 Virtuous behavior is its own reward. 美德本身就是一种回报。‖She felt that she had made a virtuous decision by donating the money to charity. 她觉得把钱捐赠给慈善基金是一个高尚的决定。 【近】 decent, ethical, honest, honorable, moral, noble, righteous, straight, upright 【反】 bad, evil, immoral, indecent, sinful, unethical, unrighteous, wicked, wrong 邪恶的

virulent 【考法 1】 adj. 有毒的: extremely poisonous or venomous 【例】 virulent bacteria 有毒的细菌 【近】 poisonous, toxic, venomous 【反】 innocuous 无害的;healthy, salubrious, wholesome 有益健康的 【考法 2】 adj. 凶残的: marked by a rapid, severe, and destructive course 【例】 a virulent look on her face 面露凶色 【近】 cruel, malevolent, malicious, malignant, spiteful, vicious 【反】 benevolent, benign, benignant, loving 仁慈的 【派】 virulence n. 毒性,恶毒

viscid 【考法 1】 adj. 有粘性的: having a glutinous consistency 【例】 viscid tree resin 粘性的树脂 【近】 adherent, adhesive, clingy, gluey, glutinous, tenacious, viscous 【反】 slick 光滑的

viscous 【考法 1】 adj. 粘稠的,粘的: viscid; sticky 【例】 viscous syrup that takes forever to pour from a narrow-neck bottle 不知要花多久才能从窄口瓶中倒出 来的粘稠糖浆 【近】 glutinous, syrup, viscid 【反】 fluid, watery 流体的,易流动的

visionary 【考法1】 adj. 空想的,不切实际的: having or marked by a tendency to be guided more by ideals than by reality 【例】 a visionary plan for a manned flight to Mars 一个构想中的载人火星计划 【近】 idealistic, imaginary, impractical, quixotic, romantic, utopian 【反】 pragmatic 实事求是的,务实的 【考法 2】 adj. 幻觉的: not real and existing only in the imagination 【例】 claimed to have had visionary experiences of hell 宣称有过到达地狱的幻觉 【近】 chimerical, dreamy, fabulous, fantastic, illusory, phantom, unreal 【反】 actual, existent, existing, real 真实存在的 【考法 3】 adj. 有远见的: having or marked by foresight and imagination 【例】 a visionary and legendary leader 一个有远见的传奇性领袖 【近】 farseeing, farsighted, forehanded, foreseeing, forethoughtful, prescient, proactive, provident 【反】 improvident, myopic, shortsighted 目光短浅的

vitality 【考法 1】 n. 活力,生命力: physical or mental vigor especially when highly developed 【例】 Her vitality seemed to spread to everyone around her. 她的活力似乎能影响身边的每一个人 【近】 animation, bounce, dynamism, energy, liveliness, robustness, verve, vibrancy, vigorousness, vim 【反】 lethargy, listlessness, sluggishness, torpidity 精神不振 【派】 vitalize vt. 激发,使有活力

vitiate 【考法 1】 v. 削弱,损害: to reduce the value or impair the quality of 【例】 Too many grammatical errors can vitiate the soundness of your writing, so double-check is recommended before submission. 太多的语法错误会削弱你论证的力度,所以强烈建议交稿前检查几遍【近】 blemish, cripple, deface, degrade, deteriorate, flaw, harm, impair, mar, undermine 【反】 doctor, fix, mend, patch, rebuild, recondition, reconstruct, renovate, repair, revamp 修复,再生 【考法 2】 v. (在道德、审美上)降低,堕落: to debase in moral or aesthetic status 【例】 Penchant for coarse language vitiates what is otherwise a refined literary style. 使用粗俗语言的倾向 使得本该是一个高雅的文体变得不堪入目 【近】 abase, cheapen, corrupt, debauch, demean, demoralize, deprave, pervert, profane, prostitute, subvert 【反】 elevate, ennoble, uplift 使高尚 【派】 vitiated adj. 受损害的

vitriolic 【考法 1】 adj. (言辞)刻薄的: bitterly scathing 【例】 vitriolic criticism 刻薄的批评 【近】 acerbic, acid, acrid, bitter, biting, caustic, corrosive, harsh, mordant, scalding, scathing, sharp, tart 【反】 balmy, benign, bland, delicate, light, mellow, mild, nonabrasive, soft, soothing, tender 柔和的 【派】 vitriol n. 刻薄的话语

vituperate 【考法 1】 vt. 谩骂,责骂: to abuse or censure severely or abusively 【例】 was vituperated for betraying his friends 因为背叛他的朋友而被责骂 【近】 abuse, assail, belabor, berate, castigate, excoriate, lambaste, reprimand, scold, rail, revile, upbraid 【反】 admire, commend, laud, praise 赞赏 【派】 vituperative adj. 辱骂的

vivacious 【考法 1】 adj. 活泼的,快活的: lively in temper, conduct, or spirit 【例】 a vivacious girl who became a successful sales rep 一个成为了成功销售代表的活泼女孩 【近】 active, animated, bouncing, brisk, energetic, frisky, kinetic, mettlesome, spirited, sprightly, vital, zippy 【反】 dead, inactive, inanimate, languid, languorous, leaden, lifeless, listless, spiritless, vapid 无活力的 【派】 vivacity n. 活力,活泼

vociferous 【考法 1】 adj. 喧哗的,大叫大嚷的: making, given to, or marked by noisy and vehement outcry 【例】 Vociferous opponents of the bill protested angrily outside the Congress. 议案的反对者在国会外愤怒地 举行了声势浩大的抗议活动 【近】 blatant, boisterous, clamant, clamorous, obstreperous, strident, yowling 【反】 reticent, taciturn 沉默的;serene, tranquil 宁静的

volatile 【考法 1】 adj. 多变的: characterized by or subject to rapid or unexpected change 【例】 a boss of volatile moods 一个性情多变的老板‖The stock market can be very volatile. 股市瞬息万 变【近】 capricious, changeable, fluid, inconstant, mercurial, skittish, temperamental, variable, versatile 【反】 certain, changeless, constant, immutable, invariable, settled, stable, stationary, steady, unchangeable, unvarying 固定的,不变的 【派】 volatility n. 易变性,易挥发性

volition 【考法 1】 n. 意志,自愿选择的行为: the act or power of making one's own choices or decisions 【例】 beyond his volition or control 超出了他的意志和控制范围 【近】 choice, decision, discretion, will 【反】 coercion, compulsion, constraint, duress, force, pressure 强迫,迫使

voluble 【考法 1】 adj. 健谈的,话多的: characterized by ready or rapid speech 【例】 The voluble gadfly ruined the party. 聚会被那个话又多又让人讨厌的人破坏了【近】 chatty, eloquent, garrulous, glib, loquacious, talkative, vocative 【反】 reticent, taciturn 沉默的;laconic, reserved, succinct 惜字如金的 【派】 volubility n. 口若悬河

voluminous 【考法 1】 adj. 卷数多的,大量的,庞大的: having great volume, fullness, size, or number 【例】 trying to keep a track of voluminous academic database 尝试追踪数目庞大的学术数据库 【近】 colossal, considerable, elephantine, enormous, gargantuan, gigantic, mammoth, numerous, oversize 【反】 scanty, scarce 缺乏的;dwarf, little, small, undersized 数量少的

voluptuous 【考法 1】 adj. 奢侈逸乐的,沉溺酒色的: given to or spent in enjoyments of luxury, pleasure, or sensual gratifications 【例】 They spent a long and voluptuous holiday in Venice. 他们在威尼斯度过了一个漫长而奢华的假期【近】 carnal, epicurean, luscious, lush, luxurious, indulgent, sensual, sensuous 【反】 ascetic, spartan, self-denying 克己的,自制的 【派】 voluptuary n. 酒色之徒

voracious 【考法 1】 adj. 有很大食量的,贪吃的: having a huge appetite 【例】 He has a voracious appetite. 他的食量惊人【近】 edacious, esurient, gluttonous, swinish 【反】 abstemious, abstentious 有节制的 【考法 2】 adj. 贪婪的,如饥似渴的: having or marked by an insatiable appetite for an activity or pursuit 【例】 a voracious reader who locked himself up in the study 一个把自己锁在书房的贪婪的读者 【近】 acquisitive, avid, covetous, grasping, greedy, hungry, rapacious, ravenous, thirsty 【反】 apathetic, indifferent, uneager, unenthusiastic 无所谓的 【派】 voracity n. 食欲,贪婪

votary 【考法 1】 n. 崇拜者,信徒: a person who is fervently devoted, as to a leader or ideal; a faithful follower 【例】 votaries of the religious leader 宗教领袖的追随者们 【近】 acolyte, adherent, devotee, disciple, fan, fanatic, partisan, pupil, zealot 【反】 bellwether, leader 领导;apostate, defector, renegade, traitor, turncoat 叛徒

vouch 【考法 1】 vi. 担保,声称为真: to declare (something) to be true or genuine; to give a guarantee 【例】 willing to vouch for her integrity 愿意担保她的人格 【近】 attest, avouch, guarantee, testify, warrant

vulgar 【考法 1】 adj. 粗俗的,无教养的: morally crude, undeveloped, or unregenerate 【例】 He is a vulgar man but his music is quite divine. 虽然他是一个粗俗的人,但他的音乐却十分神圣【近】 bawdy, coarse, crass, crude, dirty, filthy, gross, lowbred, indecent, nasty, obscene, ribald, rude, uncouth 【反】 civilized, cultivated, cultured, genteel, polished, refined, urbane, well-bred 有教养的 【考法 2】 adj. 口头的,非正式的: used in or suitable for speech and not formal writing 【例】 Latin was once the language of scholars, and English the vulgar language used by the common people. 很久以前拉丁语才是学术界的官方语言,而英语是普通百姓所使用的【近】 conversational, informal, nonliterary, unliterary, vernacular 【反】 bookish, formal, learned, literary 书面的,正式的

vulnerable 【考法 1】 adj. 易受攻击的,脆弱的: open to attack or damage 【例】 The troops were deployed in a vulnerable position. 部队被部署在了一个容易遭受攻击的位置。‖The fort was undefended and vulnerable. 堡垒没有设防,十分脆弱【近】 assailable, endangered, exposed, subject, susceptible 【反】 guarded, protected, shielded 有保护的;invincible, invulnerable 无敌的 【派】 vulnerability n. 弱点,易受伤害

waddle 【考法 1】 vi. 摇摇摆摆地走: to walk with short steps that tilt the body from side to side 【例】 The duck waddled back into the water. 鸭子一摇一摆地回到了水中 【近】 careen, dodder, reel, teeter, totter 【派】 waddling adj. 摇摇摆摆的

waffle 【考法 1】 vi. 胡扯: to talk or write foolishly 【例】 This lecturer will waffle on for hours. 这个老师会胡说八道地扯几个小时【近】 babble, blather, drivel, gabble, prattle 【反】 articulate 清楚地说

waft 【考法 1】 vt. 飘荡,漂浮: to float easily and gently, as on the air 【例】 Heavenly aromas wafted from the kitchen. 令人欣悦的香气从厨房飘出。‖A feather wafted past us and settled on the grass. 一片羽毛飘过我们身边,落在草地上。 【近】 buoy, drift, glide, hang, hover, raft 【反】 flounder, sink 沉没;submerge 下沉

wag 【考法 1】 n. 幽默诙谐的人: a humorous or droll person 【例】 Some wag wrote a droll satire on the scandal. 一些有才的人就丑闻写了一个搞怪的讽刺 【近】 comedian, comic, droll, humorist, joker, wit 【考法 2】 vt. 摆动: to move to and fro or up and down especially with quick jerky motions 【例】 The dog wagged its tail. 狗摆动着它的尾巴。 【近】 swish, switch, waggle

wan 【考法 1】 adj. 苍白的,病态的: suggestive of poor health 【例】 She looks a little wan after all that tiring work. 在完成那些繁重的工作之后她看起来有些虚弱。 【近】 ashen, ashy, blanched, livid, lurid, sickly, pale, pallid 【反】 blooming, florid, flush, full-blooded, glowing, red, rosy, rubicund, ruddy, sanguine 红润的,健康的

wanderlust 【考法 1】 n. 旅行癖: a very strong or irresistible impulse to travel 【例】 His wanderlust would not allow him to stay long in one spot. 他对旅行的渴望让他不可能在一处久待。

wane 【考法 1】 vi. 减少,衰退,降低: to decrease in size, extent, or degree 【例】 In the evening the storm finally waned. 傍晚时分风暴终于减弱了。‖The moon waxes and then wanes. 月有阴晴圆缺【近】 abate, decline, diminish, dwindle, ease, ebb, fall, lessen, lower, moderate, recede, shrink, subside, taper 【反】 accumulate, balloon, burgeon, enlarge, escalate, expand, grow, increase, intensify, mushroom, rise, snowball, soar, wax 增加,扩大,上升 【派】 waning adj. 衰退的,减少的

want 【考法 1】 n. 短缺: the condition or quality of lacking something usual or necessary 【例】 There's a notable want of teachers in rural areas. 农村地区存在着值得注意的师资短缺问题 【近】 absence, dearth, deficiency, drought, famine, inadequacy, insufficiency, lack, paucity, scarcity, shortage 【反】 abundance, adequacy, amplitude, opulence, plenitude, plenty, sufficiency, wealth 丰富,大量 【考法 2】 vt. 渴望: to have a strong desire for 【例】 I want a new car so badly! 我太想要一辆新车了!‖She wanted more time to finish the test. 她希望 能有更多的时间来完成考试【近】 ache, covet, crave, hunger, itch, long, lust, pine, repine, thirst, wish, yearn 【反】 abhor, abominate, despise, detest, execrate, hate, loathe 厌恶,反感

warmonger 【考法 1】 n. 好战者: one who urges or attempts to stir up war 【例】 Fortunately, the warmongers met with overwhelming opposition. 幸运的是,好战者们碰到了巨大的阻力。 【近】 belligerent, hawk, jingoist, war hawk 【反】 dove, pacifist 和平主义者

warp 【考法 1】 vt. 使偏向: to turn from a correct or proper course 【近】 avert, deflect, divert, veer 【反】 straighten 使变直,使回归正轨 【考法 2】 vt. 扭曲,变形: to twist (something) out of a natural or normal shape or condition 【例】 The heat caused the wood to warp. 高温使得木头变形了【近】 deform, misshape, screw, torture 【考法 3】 vt. 曲解: to change so much as to create a wrong impression or alter the meaning of 【例】 The faulty English translation really warps the meaning of the original Chinese text. 错误的英语翻译 曲解了中文的原意【近】 distort, falsify, misinterpret, misrepresent, twist 【反】 clarify, clear, explain, illuminate, illustrate 澄清 【派】 warped adj. 弯曲的,变形的

warrant 【考法 1】 vt. 承诺: to assume responsibility for the satisfactory quality or performance of 【例】 The computer company unconditionally warrants all of its products for one full year. 这个电脑公司对 所有的产品提供为期一年的质量保证 【近】 assure, avouch, guarantee, vouch 【考法 2】 vt. 批准,认可: to give official acceptance of as satisfactory 【例】 The law warrants these measures. 法律允许这些措施。 【近】 approbate, authorize, clear, confirm, finalize, formalize, ratify, sanction 【反】 decline, deny, disallow, disapprove, negative, reject, veto 禁止,否决 【派】 warranted adj. 有正当理由的;warranty n.保证,承诺

wary 【考法 1】 adj. 小心的,机警的,谨慎的: marked by keen caution, cunning, and watchfulness 【例】 kept a wary eye out for signs of the enemy 对敌人出现的征兆保持警惕 【近】 alert, cautious, chary, circumspect, conservative, guarded, heedful, vigilant, watchful 【反】 careless, heedless, incautious, unguarded, unmindful, unwary 不谨慎的 【派】 wariness n. 谨慎,小心

wastrel 【考法 1】 n. 肆意挥霍的人,败家子: one who expends resources foolishly and self-indulgently 【例】 He ended up being a wastrel and a drunkard. 他最后成了一个花天酒地的败家子。 【近】 fritterer, profligate, spender, spendthrift, squanderer, waster 【反】 economizer, penny-pincher 节约的人;hoarder, miser, niggard 吝啬鬼

watershed 【考法 1】 n. 重要关头,分水岭: a crucial dividing point: turning point 【例】a watershed moment in her life 她命运的分水岭 【近】climax, corner, event, landmark, milestone

wax 【考法1】 vi. 月亮渐满: to increase in phase or intensity, used chiefly of the moon, other satellites, and inferior planets 【反】 wane 月亮渐亏 【考法 2】 vt. 用蜡涂、处理或上光: to coat (something) with a slippery substance in order to reduce friction 【例】 wax the floor 给地板打蜡 【近】 grease, oil, slick 【反】 coarsen, rough, roughen 使粗糙 【考法 3】 vi. 增大,增强: to increase in size, numbers, strength, prosperity, or intensity 【例】 The commitment of the young volunteers to the cause seems to wax. 青年志愿者们对于这项事业的 投入似乎在增多【近】 accelerate, accumulate, appreciate, balloon, boom, burgeon, enlarge, escalate, expand, proliferate, rise 【反】 contract, decrease, diminish, dwindle, lessen, recede 减少,减弱 【派】 waxing adj. 增加的

waylay 【考法 1】 vt. 埋伏,伏击: to lie in wait for or attack from ambush 【例】 Unsuspecting tourists are often waylaid by gangs. 不警惕的旅客们常常被犯罪团伙偷袭。‖We were waylaid by a group of protestors with rocks. 我们被一群示威者用石头偷袭了【近】 ambush, assault, lurk, surprise

welter 【考法 1】 n. 混乱;动乱: a state of wild disorder 【例】 There was a welter of pushing and shoving. 到处是推搡和拥挤的混乱局面。‖The troop withdrawal would plunge the country into a welter of anarchy and endless civil war. 撤军会使得这个国家陷入无政府的动乱 和无尽的内战中【近】 disturbance, furor, hurricane, pandemonium, turmoil, turmoil, uproar, whirl 【反】 calm, peace, tranquility 平静,宁静;order 秩序

wheedle 【考法 1】 vt. (用花言巧语)诱惑,哄骗: to persuade or attempt to persuade by flattery or guile 【例】 wheedled him into working for them 哄骗他为他们工作‖She pleaded and wheedled, but I wouldn't be swayed. 她软磨硬泡地求我,但我仍不动摇 【近】 adulate, blandish, cajole, coax 【反】 coerce, compel, demand, force, oblige, require 迫使,强求

whet 【考法 1】 vt. 磨快: to sharpen by rubbing on or with something (as a stone) 【例】 whetted the dagger with the grindstone 用磨石把匕首磨锋利 【近】 edge, grind, hone, stone, strop 【反】 blunt, dull 使变钝

whiff 【考法 1】 n. 微风: a quick puff or slight gust especially of air, odor, gas, smoke, or spray 【例】 A whiff of fresh air reinvigorated him. 一股清新的空气让他恢复了活力 【近】 breath, puff 【反】 blast 强烈的气流 【考法 2】 n. 细微的信号,略微痕迹: an almost imperceptible sign of something 【例】 Even a whiff of appreciation for everything I've done for her would have been nice. 她哪怕是对我为她的 付出流露出一丁点的感激之情也好啊。‖Humanity is unregenerable and hates the language of conformity, since conformity has a whiff of the inhuman about it. (Anthony Burgess) 人性是不能改造也无发统一的,因为一致性本 身带有一点点不人道的意味。(安东尼•伯吉斯) 【近】 flicker, glimmer, suggestion, touch, trace

whimsical 【考法 1】 adj. 反复无常的: prone to sudden illogical changes of mind, ideas, or actions 【例】 It’s hard to make plans with such a whimsical friend. 和这样一个反复无常的朋友做决定是很困难的【近】 capricious, fickle, freakish, mercurial, volatile 【反】 resolute, unwavering 坚决的 【派】 whimsicality n. 反复无常

wholesome 【考法 1】 adj. 有益身心健康的: promoting mental, moral, or social health 【例】 trying to eat a more wholesome diet 尽可能有更健康的饮食习惯 【近】 healthy, restorative, salubrious, recuperative, tonic 【反】 insalubrious, noxious, unhealthy, unwholesome 不健康的,有害的 【派】 wholesomeness n. 健康

wicked 【考法 1】 adj. 邪恶的: morally very bad 【例】 a wicked urge to steal just for the sake of stealing 纯粹为了偷盗而偷盗的邪恶冲动 【近】 dark, evil, immoral, iniquitous, nefarious, sinful, vicious, villainous 【反】 decent, ethical, good, honest, honorable, moral, righteous, sublime, upright, virtuous 高尚的 【派】 wickedness n. 邪恶

wince 【考法 1】 vi. 畏缩: to shrink back involuntarily as from pain 【例】 winced at the horrible corpses 在令人恐惧的尸体面前畏缩 【近】 blench, cringe, quail, quiver, recoil, shrink, tremble 【反】 confront, face, meet 直面;challenge 挑战

windbag 【考法 1】 n. 健谈的人: an exhaustively talkative person 【例】 With a windbag like that, who needs a wind farm to meet our energy needs? 有了他这样一个多话的“吹 风机”,谁还要风力发电厂来满足电力需求呢? 【近】 babbler, conversationalist, gabbler, gasbag, prattler

windy 【考法 1】 adj. 冗长的: characterized by wearisome verbosity 【例】 a windy saleswoman who told us a lot more than we wanted to know about vacuum cleaners 一个啰 嗦的女销售员,一个劲地说着我们不想知道的关于吸尘器的细节 【近】 circuitous, circumlocutory, diffuse, garrulous, prolix, rambling, verbose 【反】 compact, concise, crisp, pithy, succinct, terse 简洁的

winsome 【考法 1】 adj. 迷人的,漂亮的: generally pleasing and engaging often because of a childlike charm and innocence 【例】 fascinated by her winsome smile 为她动人一笑所倾倒 【近】 adorable, charming, disarming, enchanting, endearing, sweet, winning 【反】 abhorrent, abominable, detestable, hateful, loathsome, odious 令人厌恶的 【派】 winsomeness n. 迷人

wit 【考法 1】 n. 机智,智慧: the natural ability to perceive and understand 【例】 lacked the wit to judge 缺乏判断的智慧 【近】 astuteness, brilliance, foxiness, intelligence, keenness, perspicacity, sagacity, sharpness, shrewdness 【反】 brainlessness, dullness, fatuity, lunacy, silliness 愚蠢 【考法 2】 n. 智者,有智慧的人: a person of exceptional intelligence 【例】 a man who fancied himself as a great wit 一个把自己想象成智慧的化身的男子 【近】 illuminati, pundit, sage, savant, scholar 【反】 dolt, fool, idiot, simpleton 傻子 【派】 witty adj. 有智慧的

withdraw 【考法 1】 vi. 撤退: to take back or away 【例】 The army was forced to withdraw from the frontline. 部队被迫从前线撤回 【近】 recede, retreat, fall back 【反】 advance 前进;place, position, put 放置,安置 【派】 withdrawal n. 撤退;withdrawn adj. 性格内向的,离群的

wither 【考法 1】 vi. 枯萎,凋谢: to become dry and sapless 【例】 Amaranth is a legendary flower that never withers. 传说中的 Amaranth 是一种永不凋谢的花【近】 dry, fade, shrivel, wane, wilt, wizen 【反】 revive 复活;bloom, flourish, prosper, thrive 繁茂 【派】 withering adj. 凋谢的,凋亡的

withhold 【考法 1】 vt. 扣压,不给予: to refrain from granting, giving, or allowing 【例】 withhold sensitive information 限制敏感信息的传播 【近】 decline, disallow, disapprove, detain, refuse, reject, reprobate, restrain, retain 【反】 allow, concede, grant, permit 授予

wizen 【考法 1】 vt. (使)凋谢,(使)枯萎: to become dry, shrunken, and wrinkled often as a result of aging or of failing vitality 【近】 dry, mummify, shrivel, wither 【反】 revive 复活;bloom, flourish, prosper, thrive 繁茂 【考法 2】 adj. 凋谢的, 枯萎的: shriveled or dried up 【近】 faded, withered 【反】 blooming 盛开的

wobble 【考法 1】 vi. 摇晃,颤抖: to move or proceed with an irregular rocking or staggering motion or unsteadily and clumsily from side to side 【例】 The drunk stood up, wobbled for a moment, and fell forward. 醉汉站了起来,晃动了一阵,然后向前倒 了下去。 【近】 rock, totter 【反】 stabilize 使稳定 【考法 2】 vi. 犹豫不决: to show uncertainty about the right course of action 【例】 We cannot tolerate the government wobbling at this critical time. 我们不能容忍政府在这种关键时刻犹豫 不决【近】 falter, stagger, teeter, vacillate, waver

worldly 【考法 1】 adj. 世间的,世俗的: of this world rather than spiritual or religion affairs 【例】 preoccupied with worldly concerns 纠缠于世俗的忧虑‖It is time you woke up and focused your thoughts on more worldly matters. 现在你应该停止做梦然后把自己的精力集中在更现实的问题上了。 【近】 carnal, corporeal, material, mundane 【反】 mental, spiritual 精神的;heavenly 天国的 【考法 2】 adj. 老练的: experienced in human affairs 【例】 My little sister was worldly and sophisticated, quite unlike me. 与我截然不同的是,我的妹妹在为人处世 方面非常老练。 【近】 cosmopolitan, sophisticated 【反】 ingenuous, innocent, naïve, unsophisticated 天真的

worship 【考法 1】 n. 崇拜,敬仰: extravagant respect to an object of esteem 【例】 the belief in swords and the worship of force 刀剑信仰与武力崇拜 【近】 adulation, adoration, deification, idolatry, reverence, veneration 【反】 dislike, dismissal, disregard, hatred, loathing, scorn 反感,厌恶 【考法 2】 v. 崇拜,膜拜: to offer honor or respect to (someone) as a divine power 【例】 The ancient Greeks worshipped many different gods. 古希腊人崇拜不同的神明【近】 adore, deify, glorify, revere, venerate 【反】 blaspheme, desecrate, profane, violate 亵渎

wrangle 【考法 1】 n. 纷争,争端: an often noisy or angry expression of differing opinions 【例】 There was a bit of a wrangle over how much money to give the high school for its sports programs. 这 个高中应该获得多少体育项目的拨款引起了一阵纷争【近】 altercation, controversy, disagreement, dispute, fight, imbroglio, quarrel, squabble 【反】 harmony 和谐 【考法 2】 vi. 争吵: to quarrel noisily or angrily 【例】 Local residents wrangled for hours about property taxes. 当地居民就房产税的问题争吵不休。 【近】 altercate, argue, bicker, controvert, hassle, quibble, spat, tiff 【派】 wrangler n. 争吵的人

wretched 【考法 1】 adj. 极差的: very poor in quality or ability 【例】 the wretched conditions of the refugee camp 难民营极恶劣的条件 【近】 bad, coarse, inferior, low-grade, mediocre, miserable, poor, rubbishy, terrible, trashy 【反】 excellent, fine, first-class, first-rate, good, high-grade, superior 优质的 【考法 2】 adj. 沮丧的: deeply afflicted, dejected, or distressed in body or mind 【例】 She was wretched for weeks after breaking up with her boyfriend. 她与男友分手后郁闷了几个星期【近】 blue, crestfallen, dejected, doleful, dolorous, gloomy, melancholy, mournful, rueful, sorrowful, woeful 【反】 blissful, buoyant, cheerful, delighted, glad, happy, joyful, jubilant 欢乐的 【派】 wretchedness n. 沮丧

wry 【考法 1】 adj. 扭曲的: abnormally twisted or bent to one side 【例】 a wry smile 扭曲的笑容 【近】 bending, crooked, curving, devious 【反】 common, normal, usual 正常的 【考法 2】 adj. 坚持错误的: stubborn in adherence to wrong opinion or principles 【近】 headstrong, obstinate, pertinacious, perverse, stubborn, wrongheaded 【反】 amenable, compliant, complying, flexible, pliable, pliant, relenting, yielding 容易改变立场的

xenophobe 【考法 1】 n. 仇视(或畏惧)外国人(或外国事物)者: one unduly fearful of what is foreign and especially of people of foreign origin 【例】 But from what I know, no way could this thoroughly US-educated woman (from the age of 12) be a xenophobe. 但根据我的了解,这个从 12 岁起就接受彻底的美国教育的女人不可能是抵触外国事物的人【反】 xenomania 媚外的人 【派】 xenophobia n. 仇外情绪

yoke 【考法 1】 v. 连接: to become joined or linked 【例】 yoked several ideas together to propose a novel theory 将几个想法结合起来提出一个全新的理论 【近】 chain, conjugate, hook, interconnect, join, link, unite 【反】 disconnect, disjoin, dissever, disunite, separate, sunder, unchain, unlink, unyoke 分开

yokel 【考法 1】 n. 乡下人,天真纯朴的人: a naive or gullible inhabitant of a rural areaor small town 【例】 a lame comedy about the misadventures of yokels in the big city 描述乡下人在大都市中遭遇的不幸的劣 质喜剧 【近】 bucolic, bumpkin, churl, provincial, rustic 【反】 cosmopolitan 云游四海的人

zeal 【考法 1】 n. 热心,热诚: enthusiastic devotion to a cause, ideal, or goal and tireless diligence in its furtherance 【例】 preaches with fanatical zeal 带着狂热进行传教 【近】 ardor, devotion, enthusiasm, fervidness, fervor, passion 【反】 apathy, indifference, nonchalance, torpor, unconcern 麻木,冷漠 【派】 zealous adj. 狂热的

zealot 【考法 1】 n. 狂热者: a zealous person; especially: a fanatical partisan 【例】 a religious zealot calling for another Crusade 呼唤下一场十字军东征的宗教狂热者 【近】 activist, crusader, fanatic, partisan, red hot 【派】 zealotry n. 狂热的行为

zenith 【考法 1】 n. 最高点,巅峰: culminating point 【例】 at the zenith of his power 位极人臣 【近】 acme, apex, apogee, climax, crescendo, crest, peak, pinnacle, summit, top 【反】 bottom, nadir 最低点

zesty 【考法 1】 adj. 刺激的,开胃的: appealingly piquant or lively 【例】 a zesty sauce 味道刺激的酱汁 【近】 peppery, piquant, pungent, salty, savory, spicy, zingy 【反】 bland, insipid, vapid, zestless 乏味的