第十一章 句子种类
知识要点 陈述句 疑问句 祈使句 感叹句
一、陈述句 描述、说明事实或表达说话人的看法 肯定、否定 Eg. Tom is an 8-year-old boy . We don’t have any classes on weekends .
二、疑问句 一般 特殊 选择 反意
一般疑问句 用yes或no 回答 eg. ---Are you a doctor ? --- Yes , I am . / No, I am not .
特殊疑问句 由疑问代词what , who , whose , whom , which或疑问副词when , where , how , why 引导 Eg. ---Who is singing in the next room ? --- Jim .
选择疑问句 以or为标志 eg. ---Are you from the north or the south ? --- I’m from the south .
反意疑问句 放在陈述句之后，对陈述句所述事实提出相反的疑问。 1. 形式 前肯后否 He is running fast , isn’t he ? 前否后肯 He didn’t come, did he ?
2. 当主语是everybody , everyone , someone , no one , nobody , somebody等，反意用they. eg. Somebody borrowed my pen , didn’t they ? 3. 当主语是there – 存在句时，反意用there There is something wrong, isn’t there？
4. 当陈述部分带有never , seldom , hardly , nothing , nobody , little , few 等否定意义的词时，反意用肯定。 Eg. Few people know him , do they ? 5. 当陈述句为祈使句时， 反意用will you, won’t you , would you 等 Let us go , will you ? Don’t move the chair , will you ? Let’s go , shall we ?
三、祈使句 表示请求、命令、劝告、建议 否定用Don’t 开头 Eg. Copy this exercise in your book . Don’t be afraid of making mistakes . Let’s take the child to the park!
四、感叹句 表示快乐、痛苦等强烈的感情 用how , what 开头
How开头 1. how + 形（副）+ 主+ 谓 Eg. How beautiful the flowers are ! 2. how 修饰动词 “ How + 主+ 谓” How the wind blows ! 3. How +形（副） How interesting it is !
What 引导 1. what ( a) + 名! eg. What fun ! 2. what (a) + (形）名+ 主+ 谓！ What an interesting story it is !