Unit 1 Friendship Reading 广州一中 麦小红

Pre-reading 1. Why do you need friends? Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.

Reasons I need friends: to cope with stressful situations in life to share my worries and secrets in my inner world to show my concern for other people to let other people share my happiness to unfold to other people the secrets in my heart

2. Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend? No. There are many things. e. g. a dog, a cat, a dictionary, a computer, a toy car, a mobile phone, a TV set…

Anne's best friend Her diary― Kitty. Guessing Who’s Anne’s

What do you know about Anne? Say one or two things you know about Anne.

Anne Born on June 12, 1929, Anne Frank was a German-Jewish teenager at that time. Anne’s diary

This is a photograph of me as I wish looked all the time. Then I might still have a chance of getting to Hollywood. But at present, I’m afraid, I usually look quite different. Anne Frank 10. Oct. 1942 Sunday

Anne’s father Anne Frank Anne’s mother

1929 born in Germany

1933 Moved to Amsterdam

The Second World War Nazi crime

NAZI HITLER Watch a piece of video about Nazi Hitler.

war criminal Hitler 1934年出席 布克博格纳粹党 集会的希特勒。

1938年, 犹太学生在 纳粹党经营的学校 受尽耻辱。黑板上 写着:“犹太族是我们 最大的敌人, 千万别 接近他们!”

1938年3月, 奥地利与德国合并, 犹太人 被迫清洗维也纳的街道。

Homeless Jews

Polish Jews on their way to a Nazi death camp

From 1942 Hidden in a building for two years, writing diary.

hiding place attic

1944 discovered and killed the next year.

Diaries published after the war

Background This is a true story. It took place in Amsterdam, Holland in the early 1940s after the German Nazis had occupied most of Europe. The Nazi Party ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945. One of their key policies was to kill all the Jews in Europe. If any persons known to be Jews were found, they would be sent to concentration camps farther east, mostly in Poland. Families were separated and transported in trains.

For many days, they went without food, water, sanitation or fresh air. To avoid this terrible fate, some Jewish families went into hiding, often with the help of non-Jewish friends.This diary was written during the time when Anne and her family moved to escape from being killed by Nazis.

Look at the pictures and the heading and guess what the text might be about. They stayed on the top floor, with curtains drawn so as not to attract unwanted attention.

Reading method when where who what why how

Reading skills: skimming How to skim: Read the title. Read the introduction or the first paragraph. Read the first sentence of every other paragraph. Read any headings and sub-headings. Notice any pictures, charts, or graphs. Notice any italicized or boldface words or phrases. Read the summary or last paragraph.

Skimming Skim the passage fast to get the main idea of the diary. Anne expressed ____________________ after hiding for a long time. _______________________ kept Anne spellbound. her feelings about nature Everything about nature Spellbound means to concentrate with delight for some time.

Sum-up The whole text is very simple. It just tells us a story about a little girl who hid away with her family in World WarⅡ. When we read, we could know the situation (情况), feeling (情感) and suffering of the Jewish.

Now observe the text carefully to find out: how many parts it contains what the different parts are about It contains two parts. One part is one page of Anne’s diary. The other one is the background knowledge about Anne and her diary.

Anne made her diary her best friend whom she could tell everything to. Paragraphs Main ideas Words & expressions Paragraph 1 Anne made her diary her best friend whom she could tell everything to. feeling go through Paragraph 2 Anne’s diary acted as her true friend during the time she and her family had to hide away for a long time. hide away set down a series of 3 Having been kept indoors for so long, Anne grew so crazy about everything to do with nature. crazy on purpose in order to dare face to face…

Skimming World War II Anne her diary--Kitty The time of the story (when) The place of the story (where) The heroine (女主人公) of the story Anne’s best friend (what) World War II Amsterdam in Netherlands Anne her diary--Kitty

over two years Thursday 15, June, 1944 Reasons for being hidden The length of time they hid away The date of the diary They were Jewish and would be caught by the German Nazis. over two years Thursday 15, June, 1944

Reading skills: scanning How to scan: Read for specific information you are looking for. Use headings and any other aids that will help you identify which sections might contain the information you are looking for. Selectively read and skip through sections of the passage.

Scanning Anne kept a diary because She couldn’t meet her friends. She felt very lonely because They have to hide because Anne named her diary Kitty because She couldn’t meet her friends. Jews were caught by Nazis and killed. She could tell everything to it. she wanted it to be her best friend.

Detailed Reading What is a true friend like in Anne’s opinion? In Anne’s opinion, a true friend is a person whom you can trust. That’s to say, you can tell everything to this person.

2. What is an ordinary diary like according to Anne? What about her diary? According to Anne, an ordinary diary is where most people like to set down a series of facts. But Anne wrote down her deepest feelings and thoughts in her diary. She told everything to her best friend - her diary.

3. Why did the windows stay closed? 4. How did Anne feel? Because they shut the windows in order not to be found and caught by the Nazis. She was afraid of being found and at the same time was eager to touch the outside world.

5. Why was she so crazy about things to do with nature? Because she had been indoors too long, she was so eager to see the outdoor world --- the blue sky, the singing birds, the beautiful flowers, the bright moon. 6. Why did she stay awake on purpose until very late one evening? Because she wanted to have a good look at the bright moon.

8. How did Anne feel about nature before she and her family hid away? Before she and her family hid away, she didn’t pay much attention to nature because it never attracted her attention. But now since she was hidden, it has changed much to her.

9. Read paragraph 3-4 carefully and fill in the form below. Time Nature Feeling Before hiding After hiding blue sky, songs of birds, moonlight, flowers Never felt spellbound darkness, rain, wind, thundering clouds Grew crazy

10. What did Anne feel when she was looking out at the night sky? She felt so excited, eager, earnest, anxious, sad, lonely… 11. Why did Anne no longer just like looking at nature out of the window? She didn’t want to be a “prisoner” in the hiding place any longer. She wanted to live a normal life again.

Choose the correct answers. 1. Anne Frank and her family hid away for _____. A. over a year B. over two years C. three years C. one year and a half B

2. According to Anne, a true friend is a person _____. A. that would laugh at you B. who makes you happy C. whom you can trust D. who could save your life C

3. Anne said that she had grown crazy about nature because _____. A. she had interest in nature B. she had always been so C. she had been outdoors D. she had been indoors too long D

4. She didn’t dare open the window when the moon was bright. That’s because _____. A. they might be discovered B. her family might be disturbed C. it was very cold D. a thief might get into the room A

Brainstorming anxious eager sad Anne’s feelings as she was looking out at the night sky excited lonely earnest crazy calm

Group discussion Suppose you have to stay indoors to hide yourselves for 3 months. During the three months, you will be offered the basic food, water and clothes. But there will be no computer, telephone, TV or radio at home. How will you feel? How will you spend the 3 months? What would you miss most? Why?

Retelling I lived in ___________ in the ______________ during _____________. My family were ______, so we had to ___________ for a year and a half in order ________________ by the German Nazis. During that time I wasn’t able to go ________ for so long that I had ______________ about everything to _______ nature. Once, I decided to look at the moon ___________ by myself. Amsterdam Netherlands World War II Jewish hide away not to be caught outdoors grown so crazy do with at midnight

But I didn’t _______ open the window to see the night ___________ because I was afraid of being discovered by the Nazis. I felt very _______ without seeing my old friends. So I had to make a new friend _____________, whom I could tell _________ to. Sadly, at last my family was discovered and caught by _______________ sometime later. dare to face to face lonely my diary-Kitty everything the German Nazis

Words & expressions Netherlands German series outdoors dusk thunder n. 荷兰 n. 德国的; 德国人的 n. 连续; 系列 adv. 在户外; 在野外 n. 黄昏; 傍晚 vi. 打雷; 雷鸣 n. 雷; 雷声

entire entirely power curtain dusty ad. 整个的; 完全的 adv. 完全地; 全然地 n. 能力; 力量; 权利 n. 窗帘; 门帘; 幕布 adj. 积满灰尘的

go through set down on purpose at dusk face to face laugh at hide away 经历; 经受 记下; 放下; 登记 故意 在黄昏时刻 面对面地 嘲笑 躲藏

set down a series of facts be crazy about keep sb spellbound stay awake in order to have a good look at happen to shut the windows hold sb in the power of a year and a half 记下流水帐 对……感到狂热 令人心迷神往 熬夜 为了 好好看一看 碰巧 关窗 被……的力量镇住了 一年半

Language Points 1. go through 经历, 经受 The country has gone through too many wars. 经历 I’d like to have you go through the book. 浏览 Mother went through the drawer looking for the sweater. 仔细查看

2. hide: hid, hid/ hidden hide away 躲藏, 隐匿 hide away + 地点状语 hide +宾语 + away hide away + 宾语 They were afraid and hid away. The thief hid away in a friend’s house. She hid her money away.

3. set down 放下; 记下; 登记 Why don’t you set your ideas down on paper? 你怎么不把你的想法写在纸上呢? I will set down the story as it was told to me.  我要把这听来的故事原原本本地记下来。 I set down everything that happened then. You should set down the key language points in your notebook.

set sb down 让\叫……下车 set down as 把……看作 set down to 把……归因于 e.g. I set the man down as a salesman. He set down his failure to his poor health. set about (doing) sth 着手干某事 e.g. They set about making preparations for the party.

set back 使后退 (延迟), 拨回 (慢) set forward 提出, 拨快 (表钟), 促进 e.g. Please set back your watch an hour. set off 动身, 出发, 引爆 set out 出发, 着手干 (to do), 陈诉 e.g.: They set off/out at dawn and arrived there at about 10:00 am. The little boy dared not set off the fireworks.

set in 开始 (并将延续下去) The rainy season has set in. 雨季已经开始了。 set forth 阐明, 称述 The reason for my decision are set forth. 做出这项决定的理由我已经阐明了。 set up 创建, 建立 The government has set up a committee to inquire into the problem. 政府成立了一个委员会调查这个问题。

a television series: 电视连续剧 There is a television series on this channel every night. a television series: 电视连续剧 a series of + n (pl) 一连串的; 一系列; 一套 a series of good harvests/questions

There has been a series of car accidents at the crossing. He saw a series of white arrows painted on the road.  他看见马路上画有一连串的白色箭头。 There’s been a whole series of accidents on this stretch of road recently. 近来在这一路段发生了一连串事故。

5. I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我很久无法出门 的缘故, 我变得对一切与大自然有关的 事物都无比狂热。 1) I wonder if … 我不知是否…… e.g. I wonder if you can help me repair my bike.

it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that是强调句。 强调句的构成: It is/was +被强调部分 + that/who (被强调部分是人时, 可用who 替代that) …

练一练: 对句子划线部分进行强调 I came across them in the club two days ago. It was I who came across them in the club two days ago. It was them that I came across in the club two days ago.

It was in the club that I came across them two days ago. It was two days ago that I came across them in the club. 被强调部分也可以是从句。 e.g. He went back to his hometown when the war was over. It was when the war was over that he went back to his hometown.

wonder v. (wondered, wondered, wondering) 纳闷; 想知道; 觉得奇怪; 不明白 I wonder at her rudeness. I wonder whether you like her. We wonder that the little boy is a university student. 名词 (pl. wonders) 惊奇; 惊异; 惊叹 There was a look of wonder in his eyes.

2) outdoors adv. 在户外；在野外 反义词: indoors 户外, 野外 Children usually prefer playing outdoors. I love to be in the great outdoors. outdoor adj. 户外的, 野外的 (置于名词前)   e.g. an outdoor sport/game 户外运动 indoor a. 屋内的，室内的(置于n之前) e.g. indoor flowers 室内花卉

3) It’s because… 因为…… because引导的从句充当表语, 此时不能 用since, as, for 来替换。 e.g.--Why didn’t you phone me last night? --It’s because I didn’t want to disturb you. 4) grow/be crazy about … 热衷于…… 　　　　　　　　　　　 迷恋…… e.g. The boy is crazy about skating. be crazy to do sth

e.g. Her job is to do with computers. 与……有关 e.g. Her job is to do with computers. 处理, 对付 e.g. The man is difficult to do with. have something to do with 与……有些关系 have nothing to do with 与……没有关系 have a lot to do with 与……有很大关系

6. stay awake 1) stay 使……保持某种状态 I stayed awake through the stormy night. He stayed single all his life. The weather stayed hot. Stay seated! 2) awake 醒着的 他睡着还是醒着? Is he awake or asleep? awake为表语形容词, 不做定语。类似词 有: afraid, alive, alone, asleep, etc.

7. on purpose 故意 They have come here on purpose to see you．他们特意来看望你。 She broke the vase on purpose． 她故意把花瓶打碎。 purpose n. 目的, 意图 carry out the purpose 实现目标 cover one’s true purpose 掩盖真实意图 fit sb’s purpose 符合某人的意图 Will this answer fit your purpose? 这个答案符合你的意图吗?

8. in order to 为了(做什么事) He works very hard in order to support his family. 他努力工作是为了养家糊口。 He got up very early in order to catch the first bus. 他起的很早是为了赶上头班车。

9. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. 1) far 常与too或形容词连用, 意思是相当地, ……得多 too much ＋不可数名词 “太多” too many ＋ 可数名词 e.g. You have wasted too much time. You have given me too much. The schoolbag is heavy. I have put too many books in it.

much too＋adj /adv “实在太……” e.g. Your skirt is much too small. He ran much too fast. The dress is _________ long for me. There is very little room in the house because it has far_________ furniture. It’s _________ hot. I have _________ homework to do, so I have no time to go there. much too too much much too too much

2) dare v. 敢, 敢于 具有情态动词和一般动词两种用法。 在肯定句中的dare, dares, dared之后, 不定式一般加to。 He dares to do most things. He dared to do that and something even worse.

在否定句中和疑问句中的dare之后, 不定式一般不加to。 We could see he dared not tell the truth. She dare not go home now. Dare she tell them what she knows? How dare you say so?

在用do或does构成的否定句和疑问 句中, 理论上虽然应当有to, 实际 使用却经常把to省略。 We did not dare (to) tell him that he had failed again this time. Does he dare (to) go out at night in such stormy weather?

Exercise 1) He dares not tell his parents about his failure in the exam. 把 dares 改为dare． 2) No one ________ go into the old house at night. 3) _______ you _______ to drive that car without asking your parents’ permission? dared Do dare

D D B 4) I wonder how he _____ that to the teacher. A. dare to say B. dare saying C. not dare say D. dared say 5) The little girl _____ go down-stairs alone when her parents are out. A. dares not to B. dares not C. dare not to D. dare not 6) She is a bit shy and ____ stand up and answer the teacher’s questions. A. dares not B. doesn’t dare to C. dare not to D. dares not to D D B

The sky grew dark and it started to thunder. 10. at dusk 黄昏, 傍晚 The street lights go on at dusk. 街灯在黄昏时分亮起来。 11. thunder n. 雷; 雷声 thunder and lightning vi. 打雷; 雷鸣 The sky grew dark and it started to thunder.

12. Entirely adv. 完全地; 全然地; 整个地 I admit it was entirely my fault. The company is run almost entirely by middle-aged men. I’m not entirely happy with that idea. 我对那个主意并非十分满意。

13. power n. 1) (人的)能力, 精力, 力量 do everything in one’s power to help 尽力帮助 out of/beyond one’s power 能力所不及 Knowledge is power. 2) 权利, 权限 the power of the law (法律)   come into power 握权   in power 当权, 执政

3) 体力, 智力, 精力 His powers are falling. 他的体力正在衰退中。 a man of varied powers 多才多艺的人 14. It/This is the first/second …time that +主语+have/has done. It/This was the first/second/third … time that + 主语+ had done. 意为“某人第几次做某事”

It is the second time that Tom ________ to Beijing. It was the third time that I _________ the super star. I’m not familiar with the town. It is the first time that I ______________. He told me it was the fourth time that he ________________________. (犯同样的错误) has been had seen have come here had made the same mistake

15. face to face 面对面地 (在句中作状语) face-to-face a. 面对面的 (作定语) e.g. We are talking face to face. We have a face-to-face interview. 类似的还有: hand in hand side by side arm in arm step by step one by one 手拉手地 并排地 臂挽臂地 逐步地 一个一个地

shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 back to back 背对背地 heart to heart 坦诚地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 back to back 背对背地 She stood __________ (面对面地) with him. We had ________________ (面对面的交谈). face to face a face-to-face talk That night they talked ____________ (坦诚地) with each other. heart to heart

Consolidation reason adj. ___________ thought verb. __________ outdoors antonym. ________ crazy synonym. ______ nature adj. ________ entirely synonym. __________ power adj. _________ trust n. _________ reasonable think indoors mad natural completely powerful trust

Homework Read the text again and review the meaning and usage of the key words and phrases: do sth. on purpose, in order to, face to face, hide away, set down, a series of, go through, dare, hold…in one’s power, no longer 2. Retell the story yourself in the first person.

Thank You!