Past perfect Tense 9A Unit 5 Grammar(1)

Audrey Hepburn

1.她在进入电影业之前，她把她的主要精力放在芭蕾舞训练上。 2.在她成为好莱坞超级明星之前，她也是一名模特。 She had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry. She had also been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar.

What happened first? a. b. After Liu Xing had broken the window, Liu Xing broke the window. Last Saturday… b. They tried to run away. After Liu Xing had broken the window, they tried to run away.

What happened first? a. They tried to run away. b. Liu Mei found them. Liu Mei had found them when they tried to run away.

P. P. had Structure(结构): Past Perfect Tense( 过去完成时 ) 1. After Liu Xing had broken the window, they tried to run away. 2. Liu Mei had found them when they tried to run away. P. P. had Structure(结构): (过去分词)

1.Millie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom. What happened first? Millie ran back to school. Millie left her magazine in the classroom. 2.Simon left school late because the football game had started late. What happened first? a.Simon left school late. b.The football game started late.

3.Daniel arrived out of breath --- he had gone to the wrong cinema. What happened first? a. Daniel arrived out of breath. b. Daniel went to the wrong cinema. 4.Amy had lost her purse and had to go to the police station. What happened first? a. Amy lost her purse. b. Amy went to the police station.

Complete the table: had acted had helped had been had opened had begun Verb Past perfect tense Past perfect Tense 1. act 5. help 2. be 6. open 3. begin 7. see 4. bring 8. sing had acted had helped had been had opened had begun had seen had brought had sung

a. the earlier action （先发生的动作） b. the later action （后发生的动作） Work out the rule 1. If we want to talk about two past actions in a sentence, the Past Perfect Tense(过去完成时) is used for________. a. the earlier action （先发生的动作） b. the later action （后发生的动作） 2. For the later action, we use ___________. a. Past Perfect Tense b. Simple past Tense ( 一般过去时 ) Past Perfect Tense Simple Past Tense ——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→ the past past past now future earlier action later action

Part A3 on P88 10th December Today, I watched ‘Roman Holiday’ with my friends. Kitty was the first one to arrive at the cinema. When Millie and I ______(arrive), Kitty___________(buy) the tickets already. Simon and Daniel came next. Before Simon and Daniel _______(come), Millie and I ___________(go) to get some drinks. Then all five of us waited for Amy outside the cinema. Before Amy __________(arrive), we ______________(finish) our drinks. When we________(enter) the cinema, the film______already_______(start). Luckily, we did not miss much. arrived had bought came had gone had finished arrived entered had started

过去完成时的概念 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。如： 1. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. She had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry. Millie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom. When I got to the station, the train had already left.

★在出现了after, when, before引导的表示过去某一动作的时间状语从句中，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 We use Past Perfect Tense in the following situation（情况）: 1.We often use ______, ______ or _______ with Past Perfect Tense. after when before ★在出现了after, when, before引导的表示过去某一动作的时间状语从句中，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。

2. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ） by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ） by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（到上学期为止）

3. 根据上、下文来判定。 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other for a long time. He came back from work last Friday.His son had had dinner and had gone to bed.He was very angry.

Work in pairs. Millie: Hi, Sandy. I saw an action film during the holiday. It was really good, and my favourite film star played a lead role in it. Sandy: I know you like her a lot.________you ______(see) any of her films before you saw this one? Millie: Yes, I_________. She ____________(act)in many other action films before this Hollywood film. Sandy: ________you _________(watch) any other films during the holiday? Millie: No, I_________. That was the only one. Had seen had had acted Did watch didn’t

Compare（比较） the following tenses: I have read 100 books by now. 2. I had read 100 books by yesterday. 3. I started to read a new book yesterday. 到现在 归纳： ★现在完成时强调_______为止的结果或状态. 到过去某时 ★过去完成时强调___________ 为止的结果或状态. 过去 ★一般过去时强调的是_______的动作或状态.

挑战中考 A 1. The teachers ____________ the office for a few minutes when we arrived. We didn’t meet them. A. had been away from B. had left C. have been away from D. have left 2.—What did Jack ask you just now? —He wanted to know how long _________ when I reached the cinema. A. had the film been on B. the film had started C. the film had lasted D. had the film ended 3.到去年年底为止，我们又建了三个博物馆。 By the end of last year， __________________________________________ 4.截止到2010年底为止，你去过美国多少次？ ______________________________________by the end of 2010. C we had built/set up/put up another three /three more museums. How many times had you been to America/the USA

1.—Before we got to the railway station, the train_________ already. Exercise.一、选择题： 1.—Before we got to the railway station, the train_________ already. -- What a pity! A.went out B.had gone C.has gone D.has arrived 2.—The film ______ when I ________ to the cinema. --We should be earlier next time. A. had begun;got B. has begun;get C.has been on;get D.had been on;got 3.Before she _______ a reporter, she _______ a teacher for four years. A.will become;have been B. had become;was C.is becoming;was D. became;had been B A D

D 4.By the end of last month, we _________ over ten posters about my hometown. A.made B.have made C.will make D.had made 5.Mike _______ over two units by ten o’clock last night. Then he ______ a rest. A.went;took B.went;had taken C.had gone;took D.had gone;had taken 6.Sally was good at making speeches. But she _______never _______ any lessons about that. A.had;took B.had;taken C.did;take D.was;taken C B

hadn’t had He __________ (not have) his breakfast before he went to school. 2. By the year of 2010 we ___________ (know) each other for two years. 3. The poor girl never saw her grandpa because he ___________ (pass ) away before she was born. had known had passed

hadn’t seen 4. I ___________ (not see)him before I left Beijing yesterday. 5. She ___________ (wash) the clothes before her mothercame back. 6. When I got back to the shop , someone else _____________ (take) my bag away. had washed had taken

1.我们以前去过嬉戏谷（Joyland）。 We have been to Joyland before. 2.我们上周三去了嬉戏谷。 We went to Joyland last Wednesday. 3.在上周三去嬉戏谷之前，我们没有看过4-D电影。 Before we went to Joyland last Wednesday, we hadn’t seen 4-D films.

4.到上学期末，他们已经学了五首英语歌曲。 By the end of last term, they had learnt five English songs. 5.在上学期末，他们学了五首英语歌曲。 At the end of last term, they learnt five English songs. 6.从上学期末以来，他们学了五首英语歌曲。 Since the end of last term,they have learnt five English songs.

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