Section A Grammar Focus Unit 5 Section A Grammar Focus 1

Read the sentences below, paying attention to the underlined parts. Is it made of silver? It was made in Thailand. What is the model plane made of? Where is tea produced in China? How is it grown? It is planted on the side of mountains. They are picked by hand and then are sent for processing. Passive Voice

被动语态 (Passive Voice) 结构: be + V-p.p. 一般现在时的被动语态: am / are / is + 动词的过去分词

主动句与被动句之间的转换 Many people speak English. 主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语 主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语 English is spoken by many people. 主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语

主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： 1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则保持不变。 3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。

把下列的主动句变为被动句。 People play football all over the world. 2. The old man on TV tells a story on Sunday. 3. Students listen to the kind teacher carefully. Football is played all over the world by people. A story is told by the old man on TV on Sunday. The kind teacher is listened to by students carefully. 6

用所给动词的正确形式填空。 1) Sunglasses __________ (use) for protecting people’s eyes. 2) A picture _________ (put) up on the blackboard. 3) French ___________ (speak) in France. are used is put is spoken 7

6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop. is 4) Which language _______ the most widely _______ (speak) in the world? 5) The students _____ often _____ (tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 6) Vegetables, eggs and fruits _________ (sell) in this shop. is spoken are told are sold 8

按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。 1. Tea is grown in South China.（改为主动语 态） People _______ _________ in South China. 2. People use metal for making machines. (改 为被动语态) Metal ________ _________ ______ making machines. grow tea is used for 9

3. They produce silk in Suzhou. (改为被动句) 4. We call maths the language of science. (改 为被动句) 　Maths _________ _________ the language of science. is produced is called 10

选择正确答案。 A 1. Cotton (棉花) ______ in the southeast of China. 　　A. is grown B. are grown C. grows D. grow 2. The Great Wall ______ all over the world. 　　A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known C 11

3. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. B 3. In some parts of the world, tea ______ with milk and sugar. 　　A. is serving 　　 B. is served　　 C. serves　　 D. served 4. — Do you often clean your classroom? — Yes. Our classroom _______ every day. A. clean B. cleans C. is cleaned D. is cleaning C 12

被动语态的几种句型 1. 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song is sung by her on the stage. 2. 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…) A sweet song isn’t sung by her on the stage. 3. 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? Is a sweet song sung by her on the stage? 4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? Where is a sweet song sung by her?

按要求改写下列句子。 Do you water your flowers every day?(变 为被动句) Trees and flowers are planted every year to make our country more beautiful. (变为疑 问句) Are your flowers watered by you every day? Are trees and flowers planted every year to make our country more beautiful？ 14

3. This English song is sung by the girls after class. ① 改为否定句 ②改为一般疑问句，并做肯定和否定回答 ③对划线提问 This English song is not sung by the girls after class. Is this English song sung by the girls after class? When is this English song sung by the girls? 15

4a Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. are not allowed 1. Children under 18 _______________ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language ___________ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. are paid is spoken 16

4. Most of the earth’s surface __________ (cover) by water. 5. The classroom needs to _________ (clean) every day. is covered be cleaned 17

4b Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 2. This shop uses the best materials to make dresses. 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. The best materials are used by this shop to make dresses. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving. 18

4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes. 5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes (by the postman). This silver plate is not used very often in our family. 19