9A Unit 7 Films GrammarⅠ Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时态

About Audrey Hepburn: She had put most of her effort into ballet training before she entered the film industry. Hepburn had been a model before she became a Hollywood superstar. Hepburn had already won an Oscar for Best Actress when she won the Tony Award for the play Ondine.

现在完成时态—have/has + P.P.(过去分词） (the Present Perfect Tense) 过去完成时态—— （the Past Perfect Tense） had + P.P.(过去分词）

had acted had helped had been had opened had begun had seen Complete the table in A2: Verb Past perfect tense Past perfect Tense 1. act 5. help 2. be 6. open 3. begin 7. see 4. bring 8. sing had acted had helped had been had opened had begun had seen had brought had sung

A Millie ran back to school. P87A1:Have a discussion and work out the rule： 每个句中有几个动作？这些动作发生在什么时候？ 哪个先发生？哪个后发生？ 先发生的用什么时态？后发生的又用什么时态？ Millie ran back to school because she had left her magazine in the classroom. A Millie ran back to school. B Millie left her magazine in the classroom. Simon left school late because the football game had started late. A Simon left school late. B The football game started late. ★ ★

Daniel arrived out of breath - he had gone to the wrong cinema. breath /e/ n. 呼吸 hold one’s breath breathe /i:/vi.呼吸 breathe heavily 气喘吁吁 Daniel arrived out of breath - he had gone to the wrong cinema. A Daniel arrived out of breath. B Daniel went to the wrong cinema. Amy had lost her purse and had to go to the police station. A Amy lost her purse. B Amy went to the police station. ★ ★

a. the earlier action （先发生的动作） b. the later action （后发生的动作） Work out the rule If we want to talk about two past actions in a sentence, the Past Perfect Tense(过去完成时) is used for________. a. the earlier action （先发生的动作） b. the later action （后发生的动作） 2. For the later action, we use ___________. a. Past Perfect Tense b. Simple past Tense ( 一般过去时 ) a b Past Perfect Tense Simple Past Tense ——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→ the past past past now future earlier action later action

　　 在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中: 发生在先，用过去完成时； 发生在后，用一般过去时。 now past in the past past

arrived had bought came had gone arrived had finished entered had Sandy wrote a diary, help her complete it. (Part A3 on P88) 10 th December Today, I watched ‘Roman Holiday’ with my friends. Kitty was the first one to arrive at the cinema. When Millie and I ________(arrive), Kitty ___________(buy) the tickets already. Simon and Daniel came next. Before Simon and Daniel _______(come), Millie and I ___________(go) to get some drinks. Then all five of us waited for Amy outside the cinema. Before Amy ________(arrive). we _____________ (finish) our drinks, When we ________(enter) the cinema, the film ______ already ________(start). Luckily, we did not miss much. arrived had bought came had gone arrived had finished entered had started

一、状语从句(Adverbial clauses): 常见连词有______ / _____ /_____等。 after before when

Last night… The bus left. The woman arrived Describe the pictures with when. Last night… The woman arrived out of breath. The bus left.

The film had already begun when we arrived at the cinema. 1.当我们到电影院时，电影已经开始(十分钟）了． The film had already begun when we arrived at the cinema. The film had already been on for ten minutes when we arrived at the cinema. 2.他在离开之前把灯全关了． He had turned off all the lights before he left.

3.他昨晚没去看电影，因为以前早已看过。 4.到英语上课前他还没做完作业。 He didn’t go to see the film because he had seen it before. He hadn’t finished his homework before the English class began.

过去完成时态-had done 一般疑问句及其回答 Had …done……？ Yes,…… had. No, ……had not/hadn’t.

Finish Part A4 on P89 Millie: Hi, Sandy. I saw an action film during the holiday. It was really good, and my favourite film star Michelle Yeoh played a lead role in it. Sandy: I know you like her a lot. ______ you _______ (see) any of her films before you saw this one? Millie: Yes, I ______ . She ____________(act) in many other action films before this Hollywood film. Sandy: ________ you _________(watch) any other films during the holiday? Millie: No, I _________. That was the only one. Had seen had had acted Did watch didn’t

二、宾语从句(Object clauses)： said, told,heard,knew,thought… + 宾语从句 ‘I have finished my homework.’ He said. (连成一句） He said___________________________ he had finished his homework. had finished said ——————∣—————∣—————→∣——→ the past past past now future

Fill in the blanks 1. I said I ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗(have) lunch already. 2. She told us she ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗__________(not be) to Beijing yet. 3. I wondered if they ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗_______(live) in Nanjing for three years. 4. Did you say I ‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗______(pass)the exam already? 5. He asked how many books I‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗‗ (read) had had hadn’t been had lived had passed had read

A copy game A—B: I have learned English for 6 years. B—C:A said that he/she had learned English for 6 years. C—D:A said that he/she had learned English for 6 years.

by 2009,…… When we see ________________ we should use ‘had done’. 三、 时间状语 When we see ________________ we should use ‘had done’. by +past time by the end of +past time We have learned four units so far. We had learned three units by last month. by the end of last term,…… by 2009,…… by nine o’clock yesterday,…… till then 直到那时

Compare（比较） the following tenses: 1.We have learned six tenses by now. 2. We had learned six tenses by yesterday. 3. We started to learn Unit 4 yesterday. 到现在 归纳:★现在完成时强调_____为止的结果或状态. 到过去某时 ★过去完成时强调________为止的结果或状态. ★一般过去时强调的是_____的动作或状态. 过去 ▲ past now future Yesterday/2009/last term……

四、上下文联系 I met my friend yesterday. We hadn’t seen each other for years.

课堂小结：过去完成时态—had done 主要用法小结 1.状语从句:before, after, when 2.宾语从句:said,told,heard,knew,thought… + 宾语从句 3.时间状语 by + 过去的时间 by the end of + 过去的时间 till then直到那时 4.上下文联系

注意： 2.since then (从那以后):现在完成时 by then(到那时为止):过去完成时 1.by+将来时间：一般将来时 e.g. We will learn 4,000 words by next year. He has been in the army for three years by now. We had read three hundred English stories by last month. 2.since then (从那以后):现在完成时 by then(到那时为止):过去完成时

综合时态填空： 1. We ____________ ( learn ) 2000 English words since we came to this school. The teacher said we _____________ ( learn ) 2000 English words since then. We ____________ ( learn ) 500 words last term. We ______________ ( learn ) 2000 words by the end of last term. 2. He ___________( have ) a meeting next week. He said he ______________ ( have ) a meeting the next week. He ______( have ) a meeting two weeks ago. He told me he ___________( have ) a meeting two weeks before. 3.________ you ________ ( be ) to the Great Wall? The teacher asked if you _________( be ) to the Great Wall? have learned had learned learned had learned will have would have had had had Have been had been

4. I ________________ ( finish ) my homework when my father got home yesterday. I ____________ ( finish ) my homework last night. 5. The film __________ ( begin ) when I got to the cinema. The film _______________ ( be ) on for 10 minutes when I got to the cinema. 6. My brother ______________ ( study ) in this school for three years before he joined the army. 7. He locked the door after he _______________ ( clean ) the classroom. 8. A: ______he still ________ ( do ) his homework when you ________ ( get ) home yesterday? B: No, he ________ already ________ ( do ) it when I got home. had finished finished had begun had been had studied had cleaned Was doing got had done

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