数词
数词的定义 数词的种类(基数词和序数词) 数词的实际运用 注意事项 练习
表示数目多少或顺序先后的词叫数词,数词分为基数词和序数词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词;表示顺序的数词叫序数词。
基数词 1)基数词写法和读法: 345 three hundred and forty-five; 1)基数词写法和读法: 345 three hundred and forty-five; 2)基数词一般是单数形式,但下列情况,常用复数: a. 与of 短语连用,表示概数,不能与具体数目连 用,如hundreds of people 指许多人; b. 在一些表示“一排”或“一组”的词组里; 如:They arrived in twos and threes. 他们三三两两的到达了。 c. 表示“几十岁”; d. 表示“年代”,用 in +the +数词复数; e. 在乘法运算的一种表示法里, 3 x 5 = 15 Three fives is (are) fifteen
序数词 序数词的缩写形式: first---1st second---2nd 数字 基数词 序数词 1 one first 30 thirty thirtieth 2 two second 40 forty fortieth 3 three third 50 fifty fiftieth 5 five fifth 60 sixty sixtieth 8 eight eighth 70 seventy seventieth 9 nine ninth 80 eighty eightieth 12 twelve twelfth 90 ninety ninetieth 20 twenty twentieth 100 hundred hundredth
数词的实际运用 1)倍数表示法 a. 主语+谓语+倍数(或分数)+ as + adj. + as I have three times as many as you. 我有你三倍那么多 b. 主语+谓语+倍数/分数+ the size (amount/length…) of… The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球是月球的49倍。 c. 主语+谓语+倍数/分数+形容词/副词比较级+than… The grain output is 8 percent higher this year than that of last year. 今年比去年粮食产量增加8%。 d. 还可以用by+倍数,表示增加多少倍 The production of grain has been increased by four times this year. 今年粮食产量增加了4倍。
2)分数表示法 构成:基数词代表分子,序数词代表分母。分子大于1时,分子的序数词用单数,分母序数词用复数: 1/3 one-third ; 3 3/7 three and three-sevenths. 3)小数: 小数点读point, 0 读o 或zero, 小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出即可。 0.5 zero point five, 3.145 three point one four five 4) 百分数: 百分数由基数词+ percent 来表示。 3% three percent 56% fifty-six percent
5)数字运算 1+2=3 one plus two is three 5-4=1 five minus four is one 2×3 =6 two times three is six two multiplied by three is six 8÷4=2 eight divided by four is two. 6)年、月、日的表示法 1990 Nineteen ninety 2000 (the year) two thousand 20世纪90年代 1990s nineteen nineties 7月1日 July the first; the first of July
7)时刻表示法: 情况 顺读法 示例 整点 基数词(+o’clock) 9:00 nine (o’clock) 几点零几分 9:05 nine (O) five 几点几十分 钟点数+分钟数 9:40 nine forty 情况 逆读法 示例 30分钟以内 分钟数+(minutes) past+钟点数 9:10 30分钟以外 到下一个钟点所差的分钟数+(minutes) + to+下一个钟点数 9:50 30分钟 half past + 钟点数 9:30 说明 使用逆读法时,15分,45分可以用a quarter表。示。如:9:45 a quarter to ten
注意事项 1)英语中表示基数单位的数词有:百( hundred ) ,千( thousand ),百万( million ),十亿( billion ),但没有万,十万,亿,要注意它们的表示法: 一百 (100) a hundred 一千 (1,000) a thousand 一万 (10,000) ten thousand 十万 (100,000) a hundred thousand 一百万 (1,000,000) a million (= a thousand thousand) 一千万 (10,000,000) ten million 一亿 (100,000,000) a hundred million 十亿 (1,000,000,000) a billion (= a thousand million)
2) hundred, thousand, million等表示基数单词的词前面有基数词,用来修饰后面的名词表示精确数量时,本身不用复数形式,名词才用复数形式. 如:两千人 two thousand people 三百米 three hundred meters 但在表示含糊数量时要用复数形式,并要与of 连用,构成hundreds of(数百的), thousands of(数千的或成千上万的), millions of (数百万的) 如: 数千人 thousands of people
3) 序数词在使用时,一般在其前面加定冠the或物主代词等限定词. 如:the first time 第一次 his second son 他的第二个儿子 如果序数词前加定冠词a/an,则表示“又一,再一”. 如:I’ve tried twice. And I want a third try. 4) 分数作主语时,谓语动词要根据分数后的名词来确定,如果不可数名词就要用单数,是可数名词则用复数. 如:One third of the students in our class have been to the Great Wall. Four fifths of the water is drunk by the children.
用数词填空: 1.There are _________________________ (365)days in a year. 2.Look!There are __________ (成千上万的) stars in the sky. 3. ______________ (2/3)of the students are girls in our class. 4.September is the __________ month of the year. 5.There are forty-six students in Class _______ (三班). 6.December is the _________ and last month of the year. 7. There are _________ students in our class, twenty boys and twenty girls. 8. Our teacher often tells us that work must come _____(第一) . 9. At the beginning of the ___________ (twenty) century,the world\'s population was about 1, 700 million. three hundred and sixty-five thousands of Two thirds ninth Three twelfth forty first twentieth
1.现在是十二点一刻. ____________________________ 2.第一个比第二个好. ____________________________________ 3.五月二十一日是王平的生日. ____________________________ 4. 麦克收集了五百多张中国邮票. _________________________________________________ 5. 这座桥有二百米长. ___________________________________ 6. 数以百计的人在等车. _____________________________________________ 7. 这所学校五分之三的教师是青年教师. _______________________________________________________ 9. 从我家走路到滨湖公园只有五分钟路程. ___________________________________________________ It’s a quarter past twelve now. The first one is better than the second one. May 21st is WangPing’s birthday. Mike has collected more than five hundred stamps. This bridge is two hundred meters long. There are hundreds of people waiting for the bus. Three fifths of the teachers in this school are young teachers. It’s only five minutes’ walk from my home to Binghu Park.